Ceyhan (pronounced [ˈdʒejhan]) is a municipality and district of Adana Province, Turkey.[2] Its area is 1,426 km2,[3] and its population is 158,922 (2022).[1] It is the most populous district of the province, outside the city of Adana. Ceyhan is the transportation hub for Middle Eastern and Central Asian oil and natural gas. The city is situated on the Ceyhan River that flows through Çukurova plain. The Ceyhan River is dammed at Aslantas to provide flood control and irrigation for the lower river basin around Ceyhan.
Ceyhan | |
|---|---|
District and municipality | |
 | |
 Map showing Ceyhan District in Adana Province | |
  Ceyhan Location in Turkey | |
| Coordinates: 37°01′44″N 35°48′45″E / 37.02889°N 35.81250°E | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Adana |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Hülya Erdem (CHP) |
Area | 1,426 km2 (551 sq mi) |
| Population (2022)[1] | 158,922 |
| • Density | 110/km2 (290/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |
| Postal code | 01960 |
| Area code | 0322 |
| Website | www |
Climate
editCeyhan has a Mediterranean climate (Köppen: Csa)[4] with very hot, muggy summers with low precipitation, and mild, rainy winters.
| Climate data for Ceyhan (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 14.2 (57.6) |
15.9 (60.6) |
19.3 (66.7) |
23.5 (74.3) |
28.1 (82.6) |
31.8 (89.2) |
34.0 (93.2) |
34.5 (94.1) |
32.7 (90.9) |
29.1 (84.4) |
21.9 (71.4) |
15.9 (60.6) |
25.1 (77.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 8.3 (46.9) |
9.5 (49.1) |
12.8 (55.0) |
16.7 (62.1) |
21.2 (70.2) |
25.2 (77.4) |
28.0 (82.4) |
28.3 (82.9) |
25.5 (77.9) |
21.1 (70.0) |
14.3 (57.7) |
9.7 (49.5) |
18.4 (65.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.7 (38.7) |
4.4 (39.9) |
7.2 (45.0) |
10.7 (51.3) |
14.9 (58.8) |
19.0 (66.2) |
22.5 (72.5) |
22.9 (73.2) |
19.2 (66.6) |
14.5 (58.1) |
8.3 (46.9) |
5.1 (41.2) |
12.7 (54.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 103.17 (4.06) |
101.96 (4.01) |
83.48 (3.29) |
65.46 (2.58) |
51.27 (2.02) |
22.46 (0.88) |
8.41 (0.33) |
4.19 (0.16) |
26.81 (1.06) |
42.2 (1.66) |
78.64 (3.10) |
133.84 (5.27) |
721.89 (28.42) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.9 | 6.5 | 5.1 | 2.7 | 2.1 | 1.1 | 3.2 | 4.6 | 5.3 | 8.5 | 62.2 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 67.3 | 65.5 | 65.1 | 65.8 | 64.1 | 63.5 | 66.2 | 67.0 | 63.0 | 59.2 | 60.3 | 68.7 | 64.6 |
| Source: NOAA[5] | |||||||||||||
Economy
editCeyhan's marine transport terminal is the Mediterranean terminus of the Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline (the "BTC") which brings crude oil from the landlocked Caspian Sea across Azerbaijan and Georgia, and entering Turkey in the northeast. The pipeline was completed in May 2005. The terminal contains seven storage tanks, a jetty capable of loading two tankers of up to 300,000 tonnes deadweight (DWT) simultaneously, metering facilities, a waste water treatment plant and vapor incineration ("burn-off") facilities.
Ceyhan Terminal is also the destination of Kirkuk–Ceyhan Oil Pipeline but this was closed in 2024 due to a payment dispute.[6]
Contemporary Life
editCeyhan is the second most developed and populated district of Adana Province after the center of Adana. The river runs through the district.
Transport
editAdana Şakirpaşa Airport is the closest airport to Ceyhan 60 km (37 mi) west of the city. There are domestic and international flights to numerous destinations from the airport. There was a plane crash here in 1999. A Saudi bound plane carrying Hajj pilgrims crashed a few minutes after take off. There were many deaths.
Ceyhan railway station was opened in 1912 as part of the Berlin–Baghdad railway. The station is currently served by two regional lines and one long-distance line. Regional lines run from Mersin to İskenderun and Mersin to İslahiye; long-distance line runs from Adana to Elazığ. There are three services daily to Adana Central Station to connect to the western destinations; Mersin, Ankara, Karaman and Kayseri.
Places of interest
edit- The Caravanserai of Kurtkulağı - built in 1659 by Hüseyin Paşa, architect Mehmed Ağa.
- Tumlu Kale or Dumlukale - another castle.
- Sirkeli Höyük - built to commemorate a battle here between Hittite emperor Muvattali and the Egyptian pharaoh Rameses.
Composition
editThere are 112 neighbourhoods in Ceyhan District:[7]
- Adapınar
- Adatepe
- Ağaçlı
- Ağaçpınar
- Akdam
- Altıgözbekirli
- Altıkara
- Altıocak
- Atatürk
- Aydınlar
- Aytemuroğlu
- Azizli
- Başören
- Belediye Evleri
- Birkent
- Bota
- Burhaniye
- Burhanlı
- Büyükburhaniye
- Büyükkırım
- Büyükmangıt
- Çakaldere
- Camuzağılı
- Çataklı
- Çatalhüyük
- Çevretepe
- Ceyhanbekirli
- Çiçekli
- Çiftlikler
- Civantayak
- Çokçapınar
- Cumhuriyet
- Dağıstan
- Değirmendere
- Değirmenli
- Dikilitaş
- Dokuztekne
- Doruk
- Durhasandede
- Dutlupınar
- Ekinyazı
- Elmagölü
- Emek
- Erenler
- Esentepe
- Fatih Sultan Mehmet
- Gazi Osman Paşa
- Gümürdülü
- Gündoğan
- Günlüce
- Hamdilli
- Hamidiye
- Hamitbey
- Hamitbeybucağı
- Hürriyet
- İmran
- İnceyer
- İnönü
- Irmaklı
- İsalı
- Isırganlı
- İstiklal
- Karakayalı
- Kelemeti
- Kılıçkaya
- Kıvrıklı
- Kızıldere
- Konakoğlu
- Köprülü
- Körkuyu
- Koruklu
- Kösreli
- Küçükburhaniye
- Küçükkırım
- Küçükmangıt
- Kurtkulağı
- Kurtpınar
- Kuzucak
- Mercimek
- Mercin
- Mithatpaşa
- Modernevler
- Muradiye
- Mustafabeyli
- Namık Kemal
- Narlık
- Nazımbey Yeniköy
- Sağırlar
- Sağkaya
- Şahin Özbilen
- Sarıbahçe
- Sarımazı
- Sarısakal
- Şehit Hacı Ibrahim
- Selimiye
- Sirkeli
- Soğukpınar
- Soysallı
- Tatarlı
- Tatlıkuyu
- Toktamış
- Tumlu
- Üçdutyeşilova
- Ulus
- Veysiye
- Yalak
- Yarsuat
- Yellibel
- Yeşilbahçe
- Yeşildam
- Yılankale
- Zübeyde Hanım
International relations
editCeyhan is twinned with:
See also
editFootnotes
edit- ^ a b "Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports" (XLS). TÜİK. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
- ^ Büyükşehir İlçe Belediyesi, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
- ^ "İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri". General Directorate of Mapping. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
- ^ "Table 1 Overview of the Köppen-Geiger climate classes including the defining criteria". Nature: Scientific Data.
- ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Ceyhan". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
- ^ Gary Dixon (g_dixon) (2024-10-08). "No way out: 'Hormuz closure would rock tanker markets', says BRS". TradeWinds. Retrieved 2024-10-10.
- ^ Mahalle, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
- ^ "Twin-cities of Azerbaijan". Azerbaijans.com. Archived from the original on 2013-08-09. Retrieved 2013-08-09.
- ^ "Sumqayıt şəhər icra hakimiyyəti. Beynəlxalq Əlaqələr" [Sumgayit Executive Power. International Relations]. Archived from the original on 2010-12-20. Retrieved 2010-12-29.