Barattarna, Parattarna, Paršatar, or Parshatatar is the first known King of Mitanni and is considered to have reigned, as per middle chronology between c. 1510 and 1490 BC by J. A. Belmonte-Marin quoting H. Klengel.[1]
| Parštatar | |
|---|---|
| King of Mitanni | |
| King of Mitanni | |
| Predecessor | Founder |
| Successor | Shaushtatar |
| Died | c. 1470 BC |
Reign
editVery few records of him are known as sources from Mitanni are rare. Most information we have about the kingdom, especially its early history and kings come from records outside of the state.[2] Dates for the kings can be deduced by comparing the chronology of Mitanni and other states, especially ancient Egypt, at a later date and working back the figures.[3] Information is found in the biography of Idrimi of Alalakh (or Alalah, which became the capital of Aleppo[4]). Barattarna conquered the area and made Idrimi his vassal, Idrimi becoming king of Aleppo according to a treaty that also declared Pilliya, the king of Kizzuwatna, his vassal.[5][6] Mitanni in his time probably extended as far as Arrapha in the east, Terqa in the south, and Kizzuwatna in the West.[7][8] Barattarna may have been[citation needed] the Mitannian king the Egyptian Pharaoh Thutmosis I met at the Euphrates River in a campaign early in his reign (around 1493).[9]
Kizzuwatna
editPilliya, the king of Kizzuwatna, appareantly signed a treaty with Idrimi and became a vassal of the Mitanni Empire.[10] He is also known to have entered peace with Zidanta II of Hatti.[11]
Death
editInformation about his death is mentioned in a record from Nuzi dated to the death of king Barattarna, possibly around 1420, as per short chronology.[12]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Belmonte-Marin, Juan Antonio, (2015). "Reflexiones sobre el territorio de Cárquemis durante el periodo mittanio", in Orientalística en tiempos de crísis, Pórtico, Zaragoza, p. 59.
- ^ Van De Mieroop, Marc (2007). A History of the Ancient Near East c. 3000-323BC (2nd ed.). Malden, MA, USA: Blackwell Publishing. p. 150. ISBN 978-1-4051-4911-2.
- ^ Van De Mieroop, 150.
- ^ Bryce, Trevor (1999). The Kingdom of the Hittites. Oxford University. p. 126. ISBN 978-0-19-924010-4.
- ^ Magnetti, Donald L. “The Function of the Oath in the Ancient Near Eastern International Treaty.” The American Journal of International Law, vol. 72, no. 4, 1978, pp. 815–29
- ^ Beal, Richard H. “The History of Kizzuwatna and the Date of the Šunaššura Treaty.” Orientalia, vol. 55, no. 4, 1986, pp. 424–45
- ^ HOUWINK TEN CATE, PHILO H. J.. "An alternative Date for the Sunassuras Treaty (KBo 1.5)" Altorientalische Forschungen, vol. 25, no. 1, 1998, pp. 34-53
- ^ Van De Mieroop, 151.
- ^ Bryce, 125
- ^ Pritchard, James B.; Fleming, Daniel E. (2010). The Ancient Near East: An Anthology of Texts and Pictures. Princeton University Press. p. 210. ISBN 978-0-691-14726-0.
- ^ CTH 25
- ^ Grosz, Katarzyna (1988). The Archive of the Wullu Family. University of Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press. p. 11. ISBN 978-87-7289-040-1.