A review on Biochar and Bio-oil production from wood andlignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis

This review explores the contemporary advancements in biochar and bio-oil production derived from thepyrolysis of wood and lignocellulosic biomass. Pyrolysis, a thermochemical conversion process, hasgarnered significant attention for its potential in transforming biomass into valuable bioenergy products. Thearticle delves into the fundamental principles of pyrolysis, elucidating the intricate mechanisms involved inthe conversion of wood and lignocellulosic feedstocks into biochar and bio-oil. Emphasizing recent research,the review provides a comprehensive analysis of various pyrolysis techniques, their optimization, and theimpact on final product yields. The discussion extends to the characterization of biochar and bio-oil,focusing on their physical, chemical, and functional properties. The potential applications of biochar as asoil amendment for enhancing fertility and carbon sequestration, along with bio-oil's versatile role as arenewable fuel and chemical feedstock, are critically evaluated. Furthermore, the review highlights keychallenges and future prospects in the field, addressing sustainability considerations, economic viability, andtechnological advancements. By synthesizing the current state of knowledge on wood and lignocellulosicbiomass pyrolysis, this article aims to guide researchers, policymakers, and industry stakeholders towards amore informed and sustainable utilization of these bioenergy resources.