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Type 056 corvette

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Type 056 corvette Shangrao
Class overview
Builders
Operators
Preceded byType 037
Built2012–2021
In commission2013–present
Completed
  • 22 (Type 056)
  • 50 (Type 056A)[1]
  • 4 (C13B)
  • 2 (P18N)
  • 1 (F-15A)
Active
  • 50 (PLAN)
  • 22 (China Coast Guard)[2]
  • 7 (Others)
General characteristics
TypeCorvette (per NATO)
Displacement1,500 tons
Length90 m (295 ft 3 in)
Beam11.14 m (36 ft 7 in)
Draught4 m (13 ft 1 in)
Propulsion2 SEMT Pielstick PA6-STC diesel motors
Speed25 knots (46 km/h; 29 mph)
Range3,500 nmi (6,500 km; 4,000 mi) at 16 kn (30 km/h; 18 mph)
Complement78
Sensors and
processing systems
  • Type 360 air/surface search radar[3]
  • Type 347G fire control radar
  • Bow sonar
  • Towed array and variable depth sonar (Type 056A)
Armament
Aviation facilitiesHelipad for 1 medium-lift helicopter (Harbin Z-9)

The Type 056 corvette (NATO reporting name: Jiangdao-class corvette) is a class of littoral combat-oriented corvette (designated natively as "light frigate") deployed by the Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). They replace older coastal patrol craft and some of the Type 053H frigates.[4]

The first Type 056 entered service in March 2013, and 22 ships were built for active service.[5] An anti-submarine warfare (ASW) variant, commonly known as Type 056A, also entered service from 2014 onwards, with another 50 ships built to this variant.[6]

Following construction of Aba (the 50th Type 056A) in December 2019, China ceased building Type 056A corvettes (it had earlier ceased building the original Type 056 model) to focus on procuring bigger bluewater warships for high sea missions.[7] Between mid-2021 and January 2023,[8] the PLAN transferred all 22 original Type 056s to the China Coast Guard while retaining the 50 Type 056As.[2] The pennant numbers for the Type 056 class were thus deleted, while the pennant numbers for the first 20 ships of the Type 056A were altered from their previous "500" series to a new "600" series (the subsequent 30 ships of the Type 056A variant received pennant numbers in the "600" series from the start).[9]

Export variants were delivered to the Algerian National Navy,[10] the Bangladesh Navy[11] and the Nigerian Navy.[12]

History and development

[edit]

The Type 056 hull may have been based on the Pattani-class offshore patrol vessels, which were built in China for Thailand from 2005 to 2006.[13]

The first ship was launched by Hudong-Zhonghua Shipbuilding in May 2012.[14] In late 2012, corvettes were being produced by four Chinese shipyards.[15]

The Type 056A were in production by late 2013.[16] The Type 056 series was constructed at a high production rate to enhance the PLAN's littoral warfare capabilities.[2] By February 2021, the PLAN had commissioned the last ships of the class, for a total of 22 Type 056 and 50 Type 056A.[1] This completed the entire production run for the class.[2]

Starting in mid 2021, the PLAN transferred all 22 of the original Type 056 to the China Coast Guard.[9] As a result, the PLAN fleet shrank in 2022.[2]

Design

[edit]
Type 056A corvette Huangshi
YJ-83 ASM launchers
FL-3000N SAM launcher
Type 360 radar

The Type 056 corvette fills the capability gap between the Type 022 missile boat and the Type 054A frigate.[17] It is 90 m (300 ft) long with a gross displacement of 1500 tons,[18] and incorporates anti-radar features.[19] The Type 056 is suited for mid-range green-water missions and littoral duties, but not for major blue-water combat operations;[4] it is built with a 15-day endurance for combat missions such as patrol, escort and protection of exclusive economic zone maritime interests within 200 nmi (370 km; 230 mi) from the coast, freeing up larger warships for open sea deployment.[20] The Type 056 corvette has a crew of 78 people with a top speed of 25 knots (46 km/h; 29 mph), and a cruise range of 3,500 nautical miles (6,500 km; 4,000 mi) at 16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph).[21][22]

Surface armament is reported as an AK-176 76-millimetre (3.0 in) naval gun,[21] two H/PJ-17 30 mm (1.2 in) autocannons,[3] and four pod-launched YJ-83 anti-ship missiles (AShM).[18] FL-3000N surface-to-air missiles (SAM) are carried in a single eight-cell launcher.[21] Finally, there are two triple-tube 324 mm (12.8 in) torpedo launchers,[18] which may carry Yu-7 light anti-submarine (ASW) torpedoes.[21]

The basic Type 056 is equipped with Type 347G (LR66) radar and bow-mounted sonar.[21] The Type 056A adds towed array and variable depth sonars (VDS);[18] the towed body suggests the VDS is "not an exact copy" of either the Italian/US DE-1163 or the French DUBV-43. It is likely that the Chinese will have undertaken extensive trials and analysis of any imported equipment and built a nominally indigenous system using the knowledge gained.[16]

The Type 056 has a helicopter deck for landing a Z-9-sized helicopter, but no hangar.[18]

Other operators

[edit]

Algeria

[edit]

The Algerian National Navy operates one[10] of the F-15A corvette variant.[23][additional citation(s) needed] El Moutassadi was ordered in 2020 and delivered in 2023.[24] and arrived in Algeria in 2023.[23]

Bangladesh

[edit]

The Bangladesh Navy operates four of the C13B[25] corvette variant, called Shadhinota-class in service.[26] The C13B is 90 metres (295 ft 3 in) long and displaces 1,330 tons.[11] Armament includes a 76 mm gun, C-802 AShMs, and FL-3000N SAMs.[25] The stern has a helicopter pad but no hangar.[12] The first two ships have SR 60 radar,[11] and the last two have a phased-array radar; none have ASW sensors or weapons.[27] All were built by Wuchang Shipyard in Wuhan.[11][27]

Shadhinota − the lead ship − and Prottoy were ordered in October 2012[12] and commissioned in 2016.[26][28] Sangram and Prottasha were ordered in late-2015[27] and commissioned in 2020.[26]

China Coast Guard

[edit]

A Type 056 variant for the China Coast Guard was under construction at Huangpu in late 2014. The forward superstructure was moved back to make for a raised structure ahead of the bridge. Large davits were installed ahead of the flight deck on both sides of the ships. It is not expected to be armed with the 76 mm. gun, missiles, or other weapon systems.[29]

Between mid 2021 and January 2023, China also transferred all 22 of the original Type 056 variant to the China Coast Guard.[2]

Nigeria

[edit]

The Nigerian Navy operates two of the P18N offshore patrol vessel (OPV) variant. The P18N displaces 1,800 tons, is 95 m (311 ft 8 in) long, has an endurance of 20 days,[30] a maximum speed of 21 knots (39 km/h; 24 mph)[31] and a range of 3,000 nautical miles (5,600 km; 3,500 mi) at 14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph).[30] It has a crew of 75. Armament is reportedly a single NG-16-1 76 mm gun with a TR47 fire-control radar, two 30 mm guns, and two 20 mm (0.79 in) guns.[31] The class has an Oil Support Recovery System to combat oil spills.[32] Unlike the Type 056, the P18N has a helicopter hangar. Both were built at the Wuchang Shipyard.[30]

Nigeria ordered the ships from CSOC in April 2012[33] for US$42 million each.[34] Centenary − the lead ship − commissioned in February 2015.[32] Unity commissioned in December 2016.[35]

The final 50–70% of the work on Unity was originally expected to be completed at the Nigerian Naval Shipyard in Port Harcourt; CSOC was contracted to upgrade the shipyard.[33] Unity was ultimately completed at Wuchang.[30]

Cambodia

[edit]

China has donated two Type 56 corvettes which are under construction.[36]

Ships in class

[edit]
China Coast Guard
# Former
Pennant Number 		Name Builder Laid
Down 		Launched Commissioned Former Fleet Current Status
Type 056
1 582 [37][38] 蚌埠 / Bengbu [37] Hudong-Zhonghua Shipbuilding 2010 [8] 23 May 2012 [8] 12 March 2013 [8][38] East Sea Fleet Transferred to China Coast Guard
2 596 [37][39] 惠州 / Huizhou [37][39] Huangpu, Guangzhou 2010 [8] 3 June 2012 [8] 1 July 2013 [8][40] Hong Kong Garrison[39] Transferred to China Coast Guard
3 584 [37][41] 梅州 / Meizhou [37][41] Wuchang Shipyard[8] 2010 [8] 31 July 2012 [8] 29 July 2013 [8][41] South Sea Fleet[41] Transferred to China Coast Guard
4 580 [37][42] 大同 / Datong [42] Liaonan Shipyard[8] 2011[8] 10 August 2012[8] 18 May 2013[8][42] North Sea Fleet Transferred to China Coast Guard
5 583 [37] 上饶 / Shangrao [37] Hudong-Zhonghua [8] 2011 [8] 19 August 2012 [8] 10 June 2013 [8] East Sea Fleet Transferred to China Coast Guard
6 597 [37][39] 钦州 / Qinzhou [37][39] Huangpu, Guangzhou [8] 2011 [8] 30 August 2012 [8] 1 July 2013 [8][40] Hong Kong Garrison [39] Transferred to China Coast Guard
7 585 [37] 百色/ Baise [37] Wuchang Shipyard [8] 2011 [8] 25 October 2012 [8] 19 October 2013 [8] South Sea Fleet [8] Transferred to China Coast Guard
8 581 [37][43] 营口 / Yingkou [43] Liaonan Shipyard [8] 2011 [8] 18 November 2012 [8] 1 August 2013 [8][43] North Sea Fleet [43] Transferred to China Coast Guard
9 586 [37] 吉安 / Ji'an [37] Hudong-Zhonghua [8] 2012 [8] 25 February 2013 [8] 8 January 2014 [8] East Sea Fleet [8] Transferred to China Coast Guard
10 587 [37][44] 揭阳 / Jieyang [37][44] Huangpu, Guangzhou [8] 2012 [8] 26 January 2013 [8] 26 January 2014 [8][44] East Sea Fleet [8] Transferred to China Coast Guard
11 588 [37][45] 泉州 / Quanzhou [45] Hudong-Zhonghua [8] 2012 [8] 25 June 2013 [8] 8 August 2014 [8][45] East Sea Fleet[45] Transferred to China Coast Guard
12 589 [37][46] 清远 / Qingyuan [46] Huangpu, Guangzhou [46] 2012 [8] 30 May 2013 11 June 2014 [46] South Sea Fleet [46] Transferred to China Coast Guard
13 590 [37] 威海 / Weihai [47] Liaonan Shipyard [8] 2012 [8] 1 August 2013 [8] 15 March 2014 [8] North Sea Fleet [8] Transferred to China Coast Guard
14 591 [37] 抚顺 / Fushun Liaonan Shipyard [8] 2012 [8] 1 August 2013 [8] 12 July 2014 [8] North Sea Fleet [8] Transferred to China Coast Guard
15 592 [37][46] 泸州 / Luzhou [46] Wuchang Shipyard [46] 2012 [8] 16 July 2013 [8] 7 June 2014 [8][46] South Sea Fleet[46] Transferred to China Coast Guard
16 595 [37] 潮州 / Chaozhou Wuchang Shipyard [8] 2012 [8] 14 November 2013 [8] 28 November 2014 [8] East Sea Fleet [8] Transferred to China Coast Guard
17 501 [48] 信阳 / Xinyang [48] 2013 [8] March 2015 [48] North Sea Fleet [48] Transferred to China Coast Guard
18 503 [37] 宿州 / Suzhou Wuchang Shipyard [8] 2013 [8] 17 May 2014 [8] 11 February 2015 [8] East Sea Fleet [8] Transferred to China Coast Guard
19 509 淮安 / Huaian Hudong-Zhonghua [8] 2014 [8] 15 August 2015 [8] 11 August 2016 [8] East Sea Fleet [8] Transferred to China Coast Guard
20 510 宁德 / Ningde Huangpu, Guangzhou [8] 2014 [8] 24 October 2015 [8] 28 December 2016 [8] East Sea Fleet [8] Transferred to China Coast Guard
21 511 [49] 保定 / Baoding [49] Wuchang Shipyard [8] 2014 [8] 22 October 2015 [8] 12 December 2016 [8] East Sea Fleet [8] Transferred to China Coast Guard
22 512 [49] 菏泽 / Heze [49] Liaonan Shipyard [8] 2014 [8] 7 July 2015 [8] 12 December 2016 [8] East Sea Fleet [8] Transferred to China Coast Guard
 People's Liberation Army Navy
# Pennant Number Name Builder Laid
Down 		Launched Commissioned Fleet Status
Type 056A
23 638 (ex 593) [6][37] 三门峡 / Sanmenxia [6] Hudong-Zhonghua [21] 2012 [9] 30 November 2013 [9][16] 13 November 2014 [9][6] East Sea Fleet [6] Active
24 639 (ex 594) [37][50] 株洲 / Zhuzhou [50] Huangpu, Guangzhou [9] 2012 [9] 30 November 2013 [9] 28 November 2014 [9][50] East Sea Fleet [9] Active
25 655 (ex 502) [18] 黄石 / Huangshi [18] Hudong-Zhonghua [18] 2013 [9] 16 May 2014 [9] 6 May 2015 [9] North Sea Fleet [18] Active
26 666 (ex 504) 宿迁 / Suqian Huangpu, Guangzhou [9] 2013 [9] 29 June 2014 [9] 20 July 2015 [9] South Sea Fleet [9] Active
27 656 (ex 505)[51] 秦皇岛 / Qinhuangdao [51] Hudong-Zhonghua [51] 2013 [9] 11 October 2014 [9][51] 16 October 2015 [9][51] North Sea Fleet [51] Active
28 667 (ex 506) 荆门 / Jingmen Huangpu, Guangzhou [9] 2014 [9] 25 December 2014 [9] 25 January 2016 [9] South Sea Fleet [9] Active
29 664 (ex 507) 铜仁 / Tongren Hudong-Zhonghua [9] 2014 [9] 19 March 2015 [9] 20 February 2016 [9] East Sea Fleet [9] Active
30 668 (ex 508) 曲靖 / Qujing Huangpu, Guangzhou [9] 2014 [9] 16 July 2015 [9] 8 June 2016 [9] South Sea Fleet [9] Active
31 640 (ex 513) 鄂州 / Ezhou Hudong-Zhonghua [9] 2014 [9] 25 December 2015 [9] 18 January 2017 [9] East Sea Fleet [9] Active
32 669 (ex 514) 六盘水 / Liupanshui Huangpu, Guangzhou [9] 2015 [9] 31 March 2016 [9] 31 May 2017 [9] South Sea Fleet [9] Active
33 641 (ex 518) 义乌 / Yiwu Hudong-Zhonghua [9] 2015 [9] 20 May 2016 [9] 21 July 2017 [9] East Sea Fleet Active
34 648 (ex 520) 汉中 / Hanzhong Huangpu, Guangzhou [9] 2015 [9] 22 July 2016 [9] 11 July 2017 [9] South Sea Fleet Active
35 645 (ex 535) 宣城 / Xuancheng Wuchang Shipyard [9] 2015 [9] 19 August 2016 [9] 25 September 2017 [9] East Sea Fleet Active
36 643 (ex 556) 宜春 / Yichun Hudong-Zhonghua [9] 2015 [9] 7 September 2016 [9] 16 October 2017 [9] East Sea Fleet Active
37 650 (ex 540) 乌海 / Wuhai Liaonan Shipyard [9] 2015 [9] 14 September 2016 [9] 15 January 2018 [9] North Sea Fleet Active
38 646 (ex 551) 遂宁 / Suining Wuchang Shipyard [9] 2015 [9] 3 October 2016 [9] 28 November 2017 [9] South Sea Fleet Active
39 649 (ex 552) 广元 / Guangyuan Huangpu, Guangzhou [9] 2015 [9] 28 October 2016 [9] 16 November 2017 [9] South Sea Fleet Active
40 642 (ex 554) 德阳 / Deyang Hudong-Zhonghua [9] 2015 [9] 29 December 2016 [9] 19 January 2018 [9] East Sea Fleet Active
41 654 (ex 541) 张掖 / Zhangye Liaonan Shipyard [9] 2015 [9] 7 December 2016 [9] March 2018 [9] North Sea Fleet Active
42 647 (ex 557) 南充 / Nanchong Wuchang Shipyard [9] 2016 [9] 2 February 2017 [9] 1 June 2018 [9] South Sea Fleet Active
43 610 朔州 / Shuozhou Hudong-Zhonghua [9] 2016 [9] 26 July 2017 [9] 10 December 2019 [9] East Sea Fleet Active
44 608 聊城 / Liaocheng Hudong-Zhonghua [9] 2017 [9] 21 December 2017 [9] 19 January 2020 [9] East Sea Fleet Active
45 625 巴中 / Bazhong Huangpu, Guangzhou [9] 2017 [9] 2 March 2018 [9] 5 November 2019 [9] South Sea Fleet Active
46 611 六安 / Luan Hudong-Zhonghua [9] 2017 [9] 17 March 2018 [9] 18 January 2020 [9] East Sea Fleet Active
47 603 定州 / Dingzhou Liaonan Shipyard [9] 2017 [9] 29 April 2018 [9] 2020 [9] North Sea Fleet Active
48 604 牡丹江 / Mudanjiang Liaonan Shipyard [9] 2017 [9] 29 April 2018 [9] May 2020 [9] North Sea Fleet Active
49 615 孝感 / Xiaogan Hudong-Zhonghua [9] 2017 [9] 16 May 2018 [9] March 2020 [9] East Sea Fleet Active
50 626 梧州 / Wuzhou Huangpu, Guangzhou [9] 2017 [9] 8 August 2018 [9] 29 December 2019 [9] South Sea Fleet Active
51 622 广安 / Guangan Wuchang Shipyard [9] 2017 [9] August 2018 [9] 31 December 2019 [9] South Sea Fleet Active
52 621 攀枝花 / Panzhihua Wuchang Shipyard [9] 2017 [9] 27 August 2018 [9] 10 January 2020 [9] South Sea Fleet Active
53 617 景德镇 / Jingdezhen Hudong-Zhonghua [9] 2018 [9] 12 September 2018 [9] 17 June 2020 [9] East Sea Fleet Active
54 623 文山 / Wenshan Huangpu, Guangzhou [9] 2018 [9] 11 December 2018 [9] 31 December 2019 [9] South Sea Fleet Active
55 605 [52] 张家口 / Zhanhjiakou [52] Liaonan Shipyard [9] 2018 [9] 15 January 2019 [9] April 2020 [9] North Sea Fleet[52] Active
56 606 辛集 / Xinji Liaonan Shipyard [9] 2018 [9] 15 January 2019 [9] 2020 [9] North Sea Fleet Active
57 627 恩施 / Enshi Huangpu, Guangzhou [9] 2018 [9] 7 March 2019 [9] April 2020 [9] South Sea Fleet Active
58 620 赣州 / Ganzhou Wuchang Shipyard [9] 2018 [9] 11 January 2019 [9] 10 January 2020 [9] South Sea Fleet Active
59 616 泰安 / Taian Hudong-Zhonghua [9] 2018 [9] 19 March 2019 [9] August 2020 [9] East Sea Fleet Active
60 628 永州 / Yongzhou Huangpu, Guangzhou [9] 2018 [9] 9 May 2019 [9] January 2020 [9] South Sea Fleet Active
61 618 商丘 / Shangqiu Hudong-Zhonghua [9] 2018 [9] 5 July 2019 [9] February 2021 [9] East Sea Fleet Active
62 624 随州 / Suizhou Huangpu, Guangzhou [9] 2019 [9] 15 July 2019 [9] 2020 [9] South Sea Fleet Active
63 637 十堰 / Shiyan Hudong-Zhonghua [9] 2019 [9] 21 August 2019 [9] 4 February 2021 [9] East Sea Fleet Active
64 600 松原 / Songyuan Liaonan Shipyard [9] 2019 [9] 17 September 2019 [9] 28 October 2020 [9] North Sea Fleet Active
65 602 平顶山 / Pingdingshan Liaonan Shipyard [9] 2019 [9] 17 September 2019 [9] 28 October 2020 [9] North Sea Fleet Active
66 607 东营 / Dongying (or Laiwu [9]) Huangpu, Guangzhou [9] 2019 [9] 17 October 2019 [9] January 2021 [9] North Sea Fleet Active
67 636 济宁 / Jining Wuchang Shipyard [9] 2019 [9] 8 November 2019 [9] 2021 [9] East Sea Fleet Active
68 631 天门 / Tianmen Wuchang Shipyard [9] 2019 [9] 14 November 2019 [9] January 2021 [9] South Sea Fleet Active
69 629 铜陵 / Tongling Huangpu, Guangzhou [9] 2019 [9] November 2019 [9] January 2021 [9] South Sea Fleet Active
70 609 石嘴山 / Shizuishan Hudong-Zhonghua [9] 2019 [9] 25 December 2019 [9] January 2021 [9] East Sea Fleet Active
71 619 南阳 / Nanyang Wuchang Shipyard [9] 2019 [9] December 2019 [9] 30 January 2021 [9] East Sea Fleet Active
72 630 阿坝 / Aba Huangpu, Guangzhou [9] 2019 [9] 30 December 2019 [9] January 2021 [9] South Sea Fleet Active
 Bangladesh Navy
Pennant Number Name Builder Launched Commissioned Status
C13B
F111[11] Shadhinota[11] Wuchang[11] 30 November 2014[53] 19 March 2016[28] Active[28]
F112[11] Prottoy[11] Wuchang[11] 30 December 2014[53] 19 March 2016[28] Active[28]
F113 Sangram Wuchang February 2018[27] 18 June 2020[54] Active[54]
F114 Prottasha Wuchang 8 April 2018[55] 5 November 2020[56] Active
 Nigerian Navy
Pennant Number Name Builder Launched Commissioned Status
P18N
F91[30] Centenary[30] Wuchang[31] January 2014[31] February 2015[32] Active
F92[30] Unity[30] Wuchang[30] 29 November 2014[57] 15 December 2016[35] Active
 Algerian National Navy
Pennant Number Name Builder Launched Commissioned Status
F-15A
940[23][additional citation(s) needed] El Moutassadi[10] Hudong-Zhonghua Shipbuilding Group[24] 2023 Active

See also

[edit]

Ships of comparable role, configuration, and era

[edit]
[edit]

References

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Type 056 frigate.
  1. ^ a b Tate, Andrew (17 February 2021). "Chinese navy commissions final two Jiangdao-class corvettes". Janes. Retrieved 3 March 2021.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Military and Security Developments Involving the People's Republic of China (PDF). Department of Defense (Report). 2022. p. 53.
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  4. ^ a b United States Navy Office of Naval Intelligence (2015). The PLA Navy: New Capabilities and Missions for the 21st Century (PDF) (Report). p. 17. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 6 June 2015.
  5. ^ United States Office of the Secretary of Defense (2013). Annual Report To Congress: Military and Security Developments Involving the People's Republic of China 2013 (PDF) (Report). p. 7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 January 2015. Retrieved 6 June 2015.
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Sources

[edit]
  • The International Institute for Strategic Studies (13 February 2024). The Military Balance 2024. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-032-78004-7.
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