Thorium dicarbide
| Identifiers | |
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3D model (JSmol)
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.031.926 |
| EC Number |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| ThC2 | |
| Related compounds | |
Other anions
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Thorium disilicide |
Other cations
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Uranium dicarbide |
Related compounds
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Thorium carbide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Thorium dicarbide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula ThC2.
Preparation
[edit]Thorium dicarbide can be produced by reacting metal thorium and graphite at 2000~2500 °C:[1]
- Th + 2C → ThC2
Properties
[edit]Physical
[edit]Thorium dicarbide is a yellow crystalline solid that decomposes in water.[2] It ignites at 2773 °C and becomes superconducting at 9 K.[3] At room temperature it has a monoclinic crystal structure with the space group C2/c (space group no. 15). At temperatures between 1430 °C and 1480 °C it exists in a tetragonal phase and above that in a cubic crystal structure.[4]
Chemical
[edit]Thorium dicarbide can be rapidly hydrolyzed in the air to generate thorium dioxide, hydrogen and hydrocarbons.[5] Its reaction rate is 10 times that of the corresponding uranium dicarbide.[6] It can also react with acids, such as sulfuric acid, to generate thorium(IV) sulfate.[7]
References
[edit]- ^ Elton B. Hunt, R. E. Rundle (Oct 1951). "The Structure of Thorium Dicarbide by X-Ray and Neutron Diffraction 1". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 73 (10): 4777–4781. doi:10.1021/ja01154a090. ISSN 0002-7863. Retrieved 2020-11-03.
- ^ Lide, David R. (2006-06-26). 1998 Freshman Achievement Award. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0594-8.
- ^ RÖMPP Lexikon Chemie, 10. Auflage, 1996-1999: Band 6: T - Z (in German). Georg Thieme Verlag. 2014-07-16. ISBN 978-3-13-200071-1.
- ^ Bowman, A. L.; Krikorian, N. H.; Arnold, G. P.; Wallace, T. C.; Nereson, N. G. (1968-08-15). "The crystal structures of ThC2". Acta Crystallographica Section B: Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry. 24 (8): 1121–1123. Bibcode:1968AcCrB..24.1121B. doi:10.1107/S056774086800378X. ISSN 0567-7408.
- ^ Perry, Dale L. (2016-04-19). Handbook of Inorganic Compounds. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4398-1462-8.
- ^ G. B. Engle, W. V. Goeddel, C. S. Luby (Mar 1962). "Reaction-Rate Studies of Thorium-Uranium Dicarbides in Moist Air". Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 45 (3): 136–141. doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1962.tb11102.x. ISSN 0002-7820. Retrieved 2020-11-03.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Yasuichi Sasaki, Fujio Ichikawa, Hisashi Imai, Shinobu Uruno (Jul 1962). "Acid Leaching of Thorium Carbide". Nature. 195 (4838): 267–268. Bibcode:1962Natur.195..267S. doi:10.1038/195267a0. ISSN 0028-0836. S2CID 29040177. Retrieved 2020-11-03.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
External reading
[edit]- D.W. Jones, I.J. McColm, R. Steadman, J. Yerkess (Jun 1987). "A neutron-diffraction study of the tetragonal-monoclinic crystal structures of some uranium-thorium dicarbides". Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 68 (2): 219–226. Bibcode:1987JSSCh..68..219J. doi:10.1016/0022-4596(87)90306-9. Archived from the original on 2018-06-26. Retrieved 2020-11-03.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Archived (Date missing) at linkinghub.elsevier.com (Error: unknown archive URL) - Ishino, Toshio; Tamura, Hideo. Thorium carbides. Technology Reports of the Osaka University, 1965. 16 (658–684): 315–324. ISSN: 0030-6177. CODEN: TROUAI.