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Romanza

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Romanza
Compilation album by
ReleasedSeptember 23, 1997 (1997-09-23)
Recorded1996
Genre
Length70:13
Label
Producer
Andrea Bocelli chronology
Viaggio Italiano
(1996)
Romanza
(1997)
Aria: The Opera Album
(1998)
Romanza (20th Anniversary Edition)
Compilation album by
Released18 November 2016
Recorded
  • 1996
  • 2016
Genre
Label
Producer
Andrea Bocelli chronology
Cinema
(2015)
Romanza (20th Anniversary Edition)
(2016)

(2018)

Romanza is the first compilation album by Italian tenor singer Andrea Bocelli, released internationally in 1997.[1]

Although a compilation, Romanza is considered Bocelli's breakthrough album and is his most commercially successful, topping charts throughout Europe and Latin America. With over 20 million copies sold,[2] it is both the best-selling Italian-language album and the best-selling predominantly non-English language album of all time, as well as one of the best-selling albums worldwide.

Background

[edit]

The album is a compilation of Bocelli's two previous pop albums, Il Mare Calmo della Sera, released in 1994, and Bocelli, released in 1995.

Promotion

[edit]

North America

[edit]

As Romanza was Bocelli's first album released in the United States and Canada, both the album and Bocelli himself were heavily promoted. This included Bocelli being featured in Hotel Bellagio's commercials in North America, as well as his voice being heard in its fountain show.[3]

PBS also played a big part in Bocelli's early success in the States, with the airing of A Night in Tuscany, Bocelli's first Great Performances special, a concert filmed in 1997 in his native Tuscany.

Europe

[edit]

In August, Bocelli first appeared at the Puccini Festival in Torre del Lago, Italy, and then at the World Youth Festival, in Paris, France, where he sang in the presence of Pope John Paul II to an audience of 800,000 people.[4]

In 1997, Bocelli won three major awards in Germany. On March 3, Bocelli appeared in Hamburg, with Sarah Brightman to receive the ECHO music award for "Best Single of the Year", for "Time to Say Goodbye",[4] on September 14, he received an ECHO Klassik, in Munich, for "Best seller of the year", for his previous album, Viaggio Italiano,[5] and finally, on October 25, Bocelli received a Bambi award, an annual television and media prize awarded by the German media company Hubert Burda Media, in Cologne.[4] All three ceremonies were broadcast live in Germany.

The album was also supported in Germany, by a series of concerts, including 22 open-air concerts in the country, as well as an indoor concert in Oberhausen.[4] His German Tour started in Locarno, Switzerland on June 6, and ended in Berlin on August 30, with other venues including Hannover, Hamburg, Münster, Rügen, Koblenz, Aachen, Wiesbaden, Kiel, Stuttgart, Leverkusen, Baden-Baden, Dresden, Coburg, Leipzig, München, Kassel, Halle, Essen, Aschaffenburg, and Nuremberg.[6]

In the United Kingdom, Bocelli held a concert with Sarah Brightman, at the Royal Albert Hall, in London, in the fall.[7]

Back in Italy, on September 27, Bocelli sang again before the Pope at the International Eucharistic Congress, in Bologna. On October 19, he sang at the TeleFood benefit concert held in Vatican City, and organised by the Food and Agriculture Organization to raise awareness about world hunger.[4]

On December 15 and 20, 1997, Bocelli held a concert in Palais Omnisports de Paris-Bercy, in Paris, and a concert in Seefeld, Austria.[8]

Bocelli also performed the French version of "Vivo per lei" with French singer, Hélène Ségara, on television programmes in France and Belgium, the Spanish version of song with Spanish singer, Marta Sánchez, on television programmes in Spain, and the German version of the song with German singer, Judy Weiss, on television programmes in Germany and Switzerland. A music video for each of those three versions was released in those countries. In addition, a music video of the Portuguese version of the song, sang with Brazilian singer Sandy, was also released in Brazil and Portugal, contributing to Romanza's success in the two countries.

Romanza (20th Anniversary Edition)

[edit]

In 2016, a new special edition of the album was released worldwide to celebrate 20 years since the album's original release. The original album has been remastered and including also three bonus tracks.

Track listing

[edit]
International standard listing
No.TitleWriter(s)Producer(s)Length
1."Con te partirò"Mauro Malavasi4:09
2."Vivere" (featuring Gerardina Trovato)
  • Michele Torpedine
  • Celso Valli
4:41
3."Per Amore"Mariella NavaMalavasi4:42
4."Il Mare Calmo Della Sera"
  • Torpedine
  • Valli
4:40
5."Caruso"Lucio Dalla5:16
6."Macchine da Guerra"Angus SmithMalavasi4:08
7."Le Tue Parole"
  • Joe Amoruso
  • Sergio Cirillo
Malavasi3:57
8."Vivo per lei" (featuring Giorgia)
  • Valerio Zelli
  • Art Mengo
  • Gatto Panceri
Malavasi4:23
9."Romanza"MalavasiMalavasi3:41
10."La Luna Che Non C'è"
  • Dario Farina
  • Antonella Maggio
  • Torpedine
  • Vessicchio
4:30
11."Rapsodia"Malise[9]
  • Torpedine
  • Vessicchio
5:28
12."Voglio Restare Così"Andrea BocelliMalavasi3:51
13."E Chiove"
  • Amoruso
  • Cirillo
Malavasi4:21
14."Miserere" (featuring John Miles) (live) (bonus track)Zucchero 4:20
15."Time to Say Goodbye" (featuring Sarah Brightman)
Frank Peterson4:04
Romanza (Italian and Spanish version) standard listing
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."Por ti Volaré"
  • Sartori
  • Quarantotto
4:09
2."Vivere" (with Gerardina Trovato)Trovato4:41
3."Por Amor"Nava4:42
4."El Silencio de la Espera"
  • Felisatti
  • Malise
  • Nuti
4:40
5."Caruso"Dalla5:16
6."Le Tue Parole"
  • Amoruso
  • Cirillo
3:57
7."Vivo por Ella" (with Marta Sánchez)
  • Zelli
  • Mengo
  • Panceri
4:23
8."Romanza"Malavasi3:41
9."Voglio Restare Così"Bocelli3:51
10."E Chiove"
  • Amoruso
  • Cirillo
4:21
11."Miserere" (with John Miles – bonus track)Zucchero4:20
12."Time to Say Goodbye" (with Sarah Brightman)
  • Sartori
  • Quarantotto
  • Peterson
4:07
Romanza (20th Anniversary Edition)
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."Con te partirò"4:09
2."Vivere" (with Gerardina Trovato)Gerardina Trovato4:41
3."Per Amore"Mariella Nava4:42
4."Il Mare Calmo Della Sera"
4:40
5."Caruso"Lucio Dalla5:16
6."Macchine da Guerra"Angus Smith4:08
7."Le Tue Parole"
  • Joe Amoruso
  • Sergio Cirillo
3:57
8."Vivo per lei" (with Giorgia)
  • Valerio Zelli
  • Art Mengo
  • Gatto Panceri
4:23
9."Romanza"Mauro Malavasi3:41
10."La Luna Che Non C'è"
  • Dario Farina
  • Antonella Maggio
4:30
11."Rapsodia"Malise[9]5:28
12."Voglio Restare Così"Andrea Bocelli3:51
13."E Chiove"
  • Amoruso
  • Cirillo
4:21
14."Miserere" (with John Miles – bonus track)Zucchero4:20
15."Time to Say Goodbye" (with Sarah Brightman)
4:04
16."Con te partirò (orchestra 2016 version)" (bonus track – Romanza 20th Anniversary)
  • Sartori
  • Quarantotto
4:14
17."Con te partirò (piano and voice 2016 version)" (bonus track – Romanza 20th Anniversary)
  • Sartori
  • Quarantotto
4:03
18."Il Mare Calmo Della Sera (2016 version)" (bonus track – Romanza 20th Anniversary)
  • Gianpietro Felisatti
  • Malise
  • Gloria Nuti
4:14
19."Con te partirò (orchestra instrumental 2016 version)" (extra bonus – digital only – Romanza 20th Anniversary)
  • Sartori
  • Quarantotto
4:17
20."Con te partirò (orchestra and choir 2016 version)" (extra bonus – digital only – Romanza 20th Anniversary)
  • Sartori
  • Quarantotto
4:17

Commercial performance

[edit]

First in Europe, then on charts around the world, the album amassed a multitude of platinum and multi-platinum awards,[10] outselling even Bocelli's 1995 album, Bocelli, with worldwide sales in excess of 20 million copies.[11]

With more than 350,000 units sold in Switzerland, it is the second best-selling album in history there, and with over two million copies sold in France, it is among the top 10 best-selling albums ever in the country.

It also received triple platinum status in the United States with 4.2 million copies sold,[12] being Bocelli's first album released in the States, and Diamond status in Canada. Actual sales stand at 1,133,000 copies across Canada according to Nielsen,[13] making Romanza the best-selling album by a foreign artist of the Nielsen SoundScan era, and the fourth best-selling overall, in Canada.[14][15]

To date, the album remains Bocelli's most commercially successful, and is considered his breakthrough album, launching his career worldwide.

Charts

[edit]

Sales and certifications

[edit]
Certifications and sales for Romanza
Region Certification Certified units/sales
Argentina (CAPIF)[65]
Italian edition
3× Platinum 500,000[66]
Argentina (CAPIF)[65]
Spanish edition
3× Platinum
Australia (ARIA)[67] 7× Platinum 490,000^
Austria (IFPI Austria)[68] Platinum 50,000*
Belgium (BEA)[69] 2× Platinum 100,000*
Brazil (Pro-Música Brasil)[70] Gold 900,000[66]
Canada (Music Canada)[71] Diamond 1,133,000[13]
Chile[72] 4× Platinum 120,000[66]
Czech Republic[73] 6× Platinum 182,000[73]
Finland (Musiikkituottajat)[74] Gold 28,592[74]
France (SNEP)[76] Diamond 2,000,000[75]
Germany (BVMI)[78] Platinum 1,000,000[77]
Greece (IFPI Greece)[79] Gold 30,000^
Hungary (MAHASZ)[80] Platinum  
Italy 800,000[81]
Italy (FIMI)[82]
since 2009
Gold 30,000*
Mexico 650,000[66]
Netherlands (NVPI)[83] 2× Platinum 200,000^
New Zealand (RMNZ)[84] 3× Platinum 45,000^
Norway (IFPI Norway)[85] 3× Platinum 150,000*
Poland (ZPAV)[86] Platinum 100,000*
Portugal (AFP)[87] 5× Platinum 200,000^
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[88] 3× Platinum 500,000[89]
Sweden (GLF)[90] Platinum 80,000^
Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland)[91] 7× Platinum 350,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[92] Platinum 300,000^
United States (RIAA)[93] 3× Platinum 4,200,000[12]
Summaries
Europe (IFPI)[94] 6× Platinum 6,000,000*
Worldwide 20,000,000[95]

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.

PBS Special

[edit]

A Night in Tuscany, Bocelli's first PBS Great Performances special, filmed in 1997, was designed to promote the album.

The concert held in his native Tuscany, at the Piazza dei Cavalieri, in Pisa, saw Bocelli perform two opera duets with soprano Nuccia Focile, sing "Miserere" with Italian rock star Zucchero, who discovered him in 1992, and finally "Time to Say Goodbye" with English soprano Sarah Brightman.[96] The DVD of the full program was internationally released on November 10, 1998.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Billboard - May 8, 1999 - Page 48 "The album "Romanza" is a compilation of "Bocelli" and "II Mare Calmo Delia Sera," not as stated in the same article."
  2. ^ "Andrea Bocelli, gli album più importanti". Sky.tg24. November 7, 2018. Retrieved August 19, 2024.
  3. ^ "Bellagio Fountains – Las Vegas". Bellagio.com. Archived from the original on 2007-10-15. Retrieved 2011-08-17.
  4. ^ a b c d e Andrea Bocelli Chronicle: 1995 - 1997, Official Fan site.
  5. ^ "ECHO Klassik 1997 winners" (in German). ECHO. Archived from the original on 2009-01-07. Retrieved 2008-01-20.
  6. ^ Andrea Bocelli's 1997 German tour, Official Fan site.
  7. ^ Sarah Brightman's 1997 concert at Royal Albert Hall, Official Fan site.
  8. ^ Andrea Bocelli's 1997 concerts in Torre del Lago, Paris-Bercy, and Seefeld, Official Fan site.
  9. ^ a b c d Malise is a pseudonym of Zucchero
  10. ^ "artist info". Universal Music Group Inc. Archived from the original on October 9, 2008. Retrieved 2008-12-23.
  11. ^ "Andrea Bocelli, gli album più importanti". Sky.tg24. November 7, 2018. Retrieved August 19, 2024.
  12. ^ a b Boyle's 'Dream' Continues At No. 1 On Billboard 200 Billboard Magazine.com Dec 9, 2009 article.
  13. ^ a b "2014 NIELSEN MUSIC CANADA REPORT" (PDF). Nielsen. December 28, 2014. pp. 1–5. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 10, 2015. Retrieved June 23, 2021.
  14. ^ "Top 10 Selling Albums Of The SoundScan Era (1995-2008)". Chart Attack. 2009. Archived from the original on 17 February 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  15. ^ "TOP TEN SELLING ALBUMS OF SOUNDSCAN ERA (since 1995)". Jam!. 2007. Archived from the original on 14 July 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  16. ^ "Australiancharts.com – Andrea Bocelli – Romanza". Hung Medien. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
  17. ^ "Austriancharts.at – Andrea Bocelli – Romanza" (in German). Hung Medien. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
  18. ^ "Ultratop.be – Andrea Bocelli – Romanza" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
  19. ^ "Ultratop.be – Andrea Bocelli – Romanza" (in French). Hung Medien. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
  20. ^ "Top RPM Albums: Issue 3333". RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
  21. ^ "Czech Republic" (PDF). Music & Media. 27 September 1997. p. 15. Retrieved 28 May 2022 – via World Radio History.
  22. ^ "Listen - Danmarks Officielle Hitliste - Udarbejdet af AIM Nielsen for IFPI Danmark - Uge 29". Ekstra Bladet (in Danish). Copenhagen. 1997-07-20.
  23. ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Andrea Bocelli – Romanza" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
  24. ^ a b "Hits of the world". Billboard. 5 July 1997. p. 40. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved 29 March 2022.
  25. ^ "Andrea Bocelli: Romanza" (in Finnish). Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
  26. ^ "Lescharts.com – Andrea Bocelli – Romanza". Hung Medien. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
  27. ^ "Offiziellecharts.de – Andrea Bocelli – Romanza" (in German). GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
  28. ^ "Charts.nz – Andrea Bocelli – Romanza". Hung Medien. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
  29. ^ "Norwegiancharts.com – Andrea Bocelli – Romanza". Hung Medien. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
  30. ^ Music & Media, vol. 14, issue 44; Nov 1, 1997
  31. ^ "Swedishcharts.com – Andrea Bocelli – Romanza". Hung Medien. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
  32. ^ "Swisscharts.com – Andrea Bocelli – Romanza". Hung Medien. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
  33. ^ "Andrea Bocelli | Artist | Official Charts". UK Albums Chart. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
  34. ^ "Andrea Bocelli Chart History (Billboard 200)". Billboard. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
  35. ^ "Andrea Bocelli Chart History (Top Catalog Albums)". Billboard. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
  36. ^ "Andrea Bocelli Chart History (World Albums)". Billboard. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
  37. ^ "Jaaroverzichten 1997". Ultratop (in Dutch). Retrieved 19 December 2020.
  38. ^ "Rapports Annuels 1997". Ultratop (in French). Retrieved 19 December 2020.
  39. ^ "TOP20.dk © 1997". Hitlisten. Archived from the original on 16 December 2014. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  40. ^ "Jaaroverzichten – Album 1997". DutchCharts.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 17 December 2020.
  41. ^ "Eurochart Top 100 Albums 1997" (PDF). Billboard. Retrieved 1 November 2019.
  42. ^ "Tops De L'annee: Top Albums 1997". SNEP (in French). Retrieved 17 December 2020.
  43. ^ "Top 100 Album-Jahrescharts" (in German). GfK Entertainment. Retrieved September 8, 2016.
  44. ^ "Year list Album (incl. Collections), 1997". Sverigetopplistan (in Swedish). Retrieved 19 December 2020.
  45. ^ "Schweizer Jahreshitparade 1997 Alben". Hitparade.ch (in German). Retrieved 22 January 2021.
  46. ^ "ARIA Top 100 Albums for 1998". ARIA. Retrieved 17 December 2020.
  47. ^ "Jaaroverzichten 1998". Ultratop (in Dutch). Retrieved 19 December 2020.
  48. ^ "Rapports Annuels 1998". Ultratop (in French). Retrieved 19 December 2020.
  49. ^ "RPM's Top 100 CDs of '98". RPM. December 14, 1998. Archived from the original on February 2, 2014. Retrieved December 6, 2010.
  50. ^ "TOP20.dk © 1998". Hitlisten. Archived from the original on 16 December 2014. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  51. ^ "Jaaroverzichten – Album 1998". DutchCharts.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 19 December 2020.
  52. ^ "Eurochart Hot 100 Albums 1998" (PDF). Music & Media. 19 December 1998. p. 8. OCLC 29800226. Retrieved 1 November 2019.
  53. ^ "Tops De L'annee: Top Albums 1998". SNEP (in French). Retrieved 19 December 2020.
  54. ^ "Top 100 Album-Jahrescharts" (in German). GfK Entertainment. Retrieved September 8, 2016.
  55. ^ "Year list Album (incl. Collections), 1998". Sverigetopplistan (in Swedish). Retrieved 19 December 2020.
  56. ^ "Billboard 200 Albums – Year-End 1998". Billboard. 2 January 2013. Retrieved 19 December 2020.
  57. ^ "ARIA Top 100 Albums for 1999". ARIA. Retrieved 6 January 2021.
  58. ^ "RPM 1999: Top 100 CDs". RPM. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 6 January 2021.
  59. ^ "Jaaroverzichten – Album 1999". DutchCharts.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 9 November 2015.
  60. ^ "Top Selling Albums of 1999". The Official New Zealand Music Chart. Retrieved 19 November 2019.
  61. ^ "1999 Year-End Chart – Billboard 200". Billboard. Archived from the original on October 11, 2014. Retrieved June 30, 2014.
  62. ^ "ARIA Top 100 Albums for 2000". ARIA. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  63. ^ "Canada's Top 200 Albums of 2000". Jam!. Archived from the original on September 6, 2004. Retrieved March 29, 2022.
  64. ^ "The Official UK Albums Chart 2001" (PDF). UKChartsPlus. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  65. ^ a b "Discos de oro y platino" (in Spanish). Cámara Argentina de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved October 15, 2012.
  66. ^ a b c d "Andrea Bocelli in Latin America". Billboard Magazine 2001 article. 4 October 2001. Retrieved 2008-12-23.
  67. ^ "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2015 Albums" (PDF). Australian Recording Industry Association.
  68. ^ "Austrian album certifications – Andrea Bocelli – Romanza" (in German). IFPI Austria.
  69. ^ "Ultratop − Goud en Platina – albums 1998". Ultratop. Hung Medien.
  70. ^ "Brazilian album certifications – Andrea Bocelli – Romanza" (in Portuguese). Pro-Música Brasil.
  71. ^ "Canadian album certifications – Andrea Bocelli – Romanza". Music Canada.
  72. ^ "Concierto en 1997". Revista de Occidente (in Spanish). 1998. p. 31. Retrieved 25 June 2021 – via Google Books. " Romanza ", el primer disco lanzado por Andrea Bocelli, bajo el alero del sello Polygram, ha obtenido Cuádruple Disco de Platino en Chile, por la venta de más de 100 mil copias .
  73. ^ a b "Czech Success" (PDF). Music & Media. 24 April 1999. p. 21. Retrieved 14 October 2019.
  74. ^ a b "Andrea Bocelli" (in Finnish). Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland.
  75. ^ "'Romanza', ovvero quando Andrea Bocelli diventò ambasciatore della musica italiana nel mondo". Rockol. 22 November 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
  76. ^ "French album certifications – Andrea Bocelli – Romanza" (in French). Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique.
  77. ^ Spahr, Wolfgang (17 January 1998). "Bocelli, Polygram, BMG on Top in German Year-End Charts". Billboard. p. 47. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
  78. ^ "Gold-/Platin-Datenbank (Andrea Bocelli; 'Romanza')" (in German). Bundesverband Musikindustrie.
  79. ^ "Andrea - Gold in Greece" (PDF). Music & Media. 21 June 2003. p. 3. Retrieved 15 December 2019 – via American Radio History.
  80. ^ "Adatbázis – Arany- és platinalemezek – 2000" (in Hungarian). MAHASZ.
  81. ^ "BREVI". La Repubblica (in Italian). December 30, 1997.
  82. ^ "Italian album certifications – Andrea Bocelli – Romanza" (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana. Retrieved May 9, 2021. Select "2013" in the "Anno" drop-down menu. Type "Romanza" in the "Filtra" field. Select "Album e Compilation" under "Sezione".
  83. ^ "Dutch album certifications – Andrea Bocelli – Romanza" (in Dutch). Nederlandse Vereniging van Producenten en Importeurs van beeld- en geluidsdragers. Enter Romanza in the "Artiest of titel" box.
  84. ^ "New Zealand album certifications – Andrea Bocelli – Romanza". Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved 2024-11-20.
  85. ^ "Norwegian album certifications – Andrea Bocelli – Romanza" (in Norwegian). IFPI Norway.
  86. ^ "Wyróżnienia – Platynowe płyty CD - Archiwum - Przyznane w 1999 roku" (in Polish). Polish Society of the Phonographic Industry. Retrieved 20 April 2021.
  87. ^ José Soares Neves. "Portugal no panorama da indústria fonográfica - Álbuns mais vendidos em Portugal". Janus Online. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
  88. ^ Salaverri, Fernando (September 2005). Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002 (1st ed.). Spain: Fundación Autor-SGAE. p. 948. ISBN 8480486392.
  89. ^ "Bocelli y sus amigos". El País (in Spanish). 18 March 1999. Retrieved 10 January 2023.
  90. ^ "Guld- och Platinacertifikat − År 1987−1998" (PDF) (in Swedish). IFPI Sweden. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-05-17.
  91. ^ "The Official Swiss Charts and Music Community: Awards ('Romanza')". IFPI Switzerland. Hung Medien.
  92. ^ "British album certifications – Andrea Bocelli – Romanza". British Phonographic Industry.
  93. ^ "American album certifications – Andrea Bocelli – Romanza". Recording Industry Association of America.
  94. ^ "IFPI Platinum Europe Awards – 2001". International Federation of the Phonographic Industry.
  95. ^ "Andrea Bocelli, gli album più importanti". Sky.tg24. November 7, 2018. Retrieved August 19, 2024.
  96. ^ Katie Tamms (2007). "Andrea Bocelli: A Night In Tuscany (1997) article". Movies & TV Dept. The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2007-12-21.
[edit]