Portal:Beer

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The Beer Portal

Introduction

*At the Café* by Édouard Manet, circa 1879

P:Beer

Beer is an alcoholic beverage produced by the brewing and fermentation of starches from cereal grain—most commonly malted barley, although wheat, maize (corn), rice, and oats are also used. The grain is mashed to convert starch in the grain to sugars, which dissolve in water to form wort. Fermentation of the wort by yeast produces ethanol and carbonation in the beer. Beer is one of the oldest alcoholic drinks in the world, the most widely consumed, and the third most popular drink after water and tea. Most modern beer is brewed with hops, which add bitterness and other flavours and act as a natural preservative and stabilising agent. Other flavouring agents, such as gruit, herbs, or fruits, may be included or used instead of hops. In commercial brewing, natural carbonation is often replaced with forced carbonation.

Beer is distributed in bottles and cans, and is commonly available on draught in pubs and bars. The brewing industry is a global business, consisting of several dominant multinational companies and many thousands of smaller producers ranging from brewpubs to regional breweries. The strength of modern beer is usually around 4% to 6% alcohol by volume (ABV).

Some of the earliest writings mention the production and distribution of beer: the Code of Hammurabi included laws regulating it, while "The Hymn to Ninkasi", a prayer to the Mesopotamian goddess of beer, contains a recipe for it. Beer forms part of the culture of many nations and is associated with social traditions such as beer festivals, as well as activities like pub crawling, pub quizzes, and pub games. (Full article...)

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A mug of mint kvass and its ingredients

Kvass is a fermented, cereal-based, low-alcoholic beverage of cloudy appearance and sweet-sour taste.

Kvass originates from northeastern Europe, where grain production was considered insufficient for beer to become a daily drink. The first written mention of kvass is found in Primary Chronicle, describing the celebration of Vladimir the Great's baptism in 988. In the traditional method, kvass is made from a mash obtained from rye bread or rye flour and malt soaked in hot water, fermented for about 12 hours with the help of sugar and bread yeast or baker's yeast at room temperature. In industrial methods, kvass is produced from wort concentrate combined with various grain mixtures. It is a popular drink in Poland, Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Moldova, as well as some parts of Finland, Sweden, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and China. (Full article...)

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History of beer Hops Lambic Oktoberfest Pub Yeast London Beer Flood Guinness Foreign Extra Stout Anheuser-Busch Barrel-aged beer Bouncer Draught beer Greene King Pabst Brewing Company Saison NoitulovE Saint Vincent Beer Blackrocks Brewery

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Samuel Adams (often shortened to Sam Adams) is the flagship brand of the Boston Beer Company. It is named after US Founding Father Samuel Adams, who inherited his father's brewery on Boston's King Street (modern day State Street) and worked as a brewer or maltster. Samuel Adams beer is brewed by the Boston Beer Company, which was founded by Jim Koch in Cambridge, MA, where he started the micro-brewery in his home. Koch comes from a long line of Cincinnati brewers, and Samuel Adams beer was started using a recipe now known as Samuel Adams Boston Lager. (Full article...)

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William McEwan (/məˈkjuːən/ mə-KEW-ən; 16 July 1827 – 12 May 1913) was a Scottish politician and brewer. He founded the Fountain Brewery in 1856, served as a member of parliament (MP) from 1886 to 1900, and funded the construction of the McEwan Hall at the University of Edinburgh. (Full article...)

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... that 100 beerhouses were licensed in Brighton (population 40,000) in the first week after the Beerhouse Act 1830 was enacted?
... that Pope Pius IX gave the monks of Saint Vincent Archabbey permission to brew Saint Vincent Beer?
... that some online social and "Barstool conservatives" spent their Christmas holidays arguing about whether a beer promotional calendar was "demonic"?
... that Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority general manager Phillip Eng brews his own beer?
... that a beer named after the barley variety Golden Promise was not brewed using the variety?
... that the patu clubs on the New Zealand threepence were compared to bottles of ginger beer?

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Rahr and Sons Brewing Company is a brewery in Fort Worth, Texas, USA, owned by Fritz Rahr. Since opening in 2004 Rahr has released numerous beers. Their core lineup is made up of 6 year-round beers, including their newest year-round release, Rahr’s Original. Along with these, they release 4 seasonals, and several specialty beers throughout the year. Rahr is currently distributed in most of Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Tennessee, Missouri, Arkansas, and Nebraska. (Full article...)

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Two glasses of Belgian beers: Tripel Karmeliet and Affligem.

Credit: Kiban

Two glasses of Belgian beers: Tripel Karmeliet and Affligem.

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General images

The following are images from various beer- and brewing-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1A funerary model of a bakery and brewery, from the Eleventh dynasty of Egypt, c. 2009–1998 BCE (from History of beer)
Image 2A 16th-century brewery (from Brewing)
Image 3Cask ales with gravity dispense at a beer festival (from Brewing)
Image 4Bottling beer in a modern facility, 1945, Australia (from History of beer)
Image 5Brew kettles at Brasserie La Choulette in France (from Brewing)
Image 6Conditioning tanks at Anchor Brewing Company (from Brewing)
Image 7Modern closed fermentation vessels (from Brewing)
Image 8The Caledonian Brewery, founded in 1869, Edinburgh, Scotland (from History of beer)
Image 9Bergenhus microbrewery, Bergen, Norway (from Craft beer)
Image 10A can of Juicy Ass IPA from Flying Monkeys Craft Brewery in Barrie, Ontario, Canada (from Craft beer)
Image 11Steamworks Brewing, Vancouver (from Craft beer)
Image 12Spontaneous fermentation at Timmermans in Belgium (from Brewing)
Image 13Open vessels showing fermentation taking place (from Brewing)
Image 14Philistine pottery beer jug (from History of beer)
Image 15A hydrometer measures beer's specific gravity (from History of beer)
Image 16A 16th-century brewery (from History of beer)
Image 17Robohop, a session IPA from Cervisiam in Oslo, Norway (from Craft beer)
Image 18Casks of real ale from British microbreweries at a beer festival (from Craft beer)
Image 19A yard of ale at Jolly Brewery, Taiwan (from Craft beer)
Image 20Rock mortars in Raqefet Cave, used to make beer during the Stone Age. (from History of beer)
Image 21Traditional fermenting building (center) and modern fermenting building (left) in Pilsner Urquell Brewery (Czech Republic) (from History of beer)
Image 22Põhjala Brewery, Estonia (from Craft beer)
Image 23Craft brewing at Allagash in Portland, Maine (from Craft beer)
Image 24Pasteur Street Brewing, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (from Craft beer)
Image 25Spent grain, a brewing by-product (from Brewing)
Image 26World beer consumption per capita (from History of beer)
Image 27A replica of ancient Egyptian beer, brewed from emmer wheat by the Courage brewery in 1996 (from History of beer)
Image 28Dogo Beer from Minakuchi-shuzō microbrewery in Matsuyama, Japan (from Craft beer)
Image 29D. G. Yuengling & Son is the oldest operating brewing company in the US, established in 1829. It is also the largest craft brewer, and the 6th largest brewing company overall. (from Craft beer)
Image 30Diatomaceous earth, used to create a filtration bed (from Brewing)
Image 31Castaña, a smoked beer with chestnuts from Cerex in Extremadura, Spain (from Craft beer)
Image 32Microbreweries, regional breweries, and brew pubs per capita (from Craft beer)
Image 33Bill Urquhart at Litchborough Brewery (from Craft beer)
Image 34A beer sommelier tapping a barrel for a taste at Nebraska Brewing Company (from Craft beer)
Image 35Lauter tun (from Brewing)
Image 36Smoked beer from the Schlenkerla brewpub in Bamberg, Germany (from Craft beer)
Image 37Mexican craft beer from Tequixquiac in Zumpango Region (from Craft beer)
Image 38A mash tun at the Bass Museum in Burton-upon-Trent (from Brewing)
Image 39Alulu beer receipt recording a purchase of "best" beer from a brewer, c. 2050 BCE, from the Sumerian city of Umma in ancient Iraq. (from History of beer)
Image 40Malted barley before kilning or roasting (from Brewing)
Image 41Zoigl beers from the communal brewhouses of Oberpfalz in Germany (from Craft beer)
Image 42A selection of French craft beers (from Craft beer)
Image 43Irish Craft Beer Festival, 2015 (from Craft beer)
Image 44The Alulu beer receipt records a purchase of "best" beer from a brewer, c. 2050 BC, from the Sumerian city of Umma in Mesopotamia (ancient Iraq). (from Brewing)
Image 45Yeast ring used by Swedish homebrewers in the 19th century to preserve the yeast between brewing sessions. (from History of beer)
Image 46Great Leap Brewing operates a chain of brewpubs in China (from Craft beer)
Image 47Hop cone grown in a hop field, Hallertau, Germany (from Brewing)
Image 48A growler of beer from Flounder Brewing, a nanobrewery in New Jersey, US (from Craft beer)
Image 49Gambrinus – king of beer (from History of beer)

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v t e Beer and breweries by region
Africa	Cape Verde Egypt Ethiopia Kenya Morocco Nigeria South Africa Tanzania
Asia	Armenia Azerbaijan China Hong Kong Tibet India Indonesia Iran Israel Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Malaysia Myanmar North Korea Palestine Philippines Singapore South Korea Sri Lanka Syria Taiwan Thailand Turkey Vietnam
Europe	Albania Austria Belarus Belgium Bosnia Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany breweries Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Luxembourg Lithuania Moldova Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russia Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Ukraine United Kingdom England Northern Ireland Scotland Wales
North America	Antigua Aruba Bahamas Barbados Belize Canada Quebec Cayman Islands Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic El Salvador Guatemala Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Nicaragua Panama Puerto Rico Saint Lucia St. Vincent Trinidad United States breweries
South America	Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Venezuela
Oceania	Australia Fiji New Zealand
Alcohol preferences in Europe List of countries by beer consumption per capita List of microbreweries Beer portal

Parent project: WikiProject Food and Drink	view
Child projects:	Task forces: (All inactive)
Wikiproject Bacon (inactive) WikiProject Bartending (inactive) WikiProject Beer WikiProject Breakfast (inactive) WikiProject Fishing and Fisheries WikiProject Spirits (semi-active) Wikiproject Wine (inactive)	Beverages task force Cheeses task force Coffee and Tea task force Desserts task force Foodservice task force Herbs and Spices task force Pub task force
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