Saikō

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Saikō (斉衡) was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, "year name") after Ninju and before Ten'an. This period spanned the years from November 854^[1] through February 857.^[2] The reigning emperor was Montoku-tennō (文徳天皇).^[3]

• February 1, 854 Saikō gannen (斉衡元年): The new era name was created to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended and the new one commenced in Ninju 4, on the 29th day of the 11th month of 854.^[4]

• April 21, 854 (Saikō 1, 13th day of the 6th month): The sadaijin Minamoto no Tokiwa, also known as Minamoto no Tsune, died at age 43.^[5]
• 855 (Saikō 2, 1st month): The Emishi organized a rebellion; and in response, a force of 1,000 men and provisions were sent to the north.^[6]
• 855 (Saikō 2, 5th month): The head of the great statue of Buddha in the Tōdai-ji fell off; and in consequence, the emperor ordered the then dainagon Fujiwara no Yoshisuke, the brother of sadaijin Yoshifusa, to be in charge of gathering the gifts of the pious from throughout the empire to make another head for the Daibutsu.^[6]

• Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). Gukanshō: The Future and the Past. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-03460-0; OCLC 251325323
• Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; OCLC 58053128
• Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Ōdai Ichiran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691
• Varley, H. Paul. (1980). A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231049405; OCLC 6042764

• National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection