Acaste (trilobite)

Acaste; Temporal range: 443–397 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Silurian to Devonian
	Acaste downingiae, on display at the Natural History Museum, London
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Trilobita
Order:	Phacopida
Family:	Acastidae
Genus:	Acaste; Goldfuss, 1843
Species
	A. downingiae (Murchison, 1843) (type) synonyms Calymene downingiae, Phacops downingiae var. α. vulgaris; A. dayiana R. Richter & E. Richter, 1954; A. inflata (Salter, 1864) synonym Phacops downingiae var. γ. inflatus; A. lokii Edgecombe, 1993 synonym A. longisulcata, pro parti (mixed collection); A. podolica Balashova, 1968; A. subcaudata (Murchison, 1839) synonyms Asaphus subcaudatus, A. cawdori; A. talebensis Hollard, 1963; A. zerinae Edgecombe, 1993;
Synonyms
	Acastina

Acaste is a genus of extinct trilobite of the order Phacopida which lived throughout the Silurian period (Wenlock Group).^[1] Though many species had been included, it now has only one species, Acaste downingiae.^[2] It is characterized by a convex dorsal surface, an absence of spines, a shortening of the head-shield and a general rounding off of all angles.^[3]

Etymology

A. lokii is named after Loki, the Norse god of mischief. Loki tricked the blind god Höðr to kill the god of beauty Baldr, and so started the demise of the world (or Ragnarök). This epithet was chosen by Edgecombe because it is based on the cephalon of A. longisulcata, which has turned out to be a mixed collection. The pygidium of A. longisulcata belongs to a Phacopoidea.^[1]
A. zerinae is named in honor of Zerina Edgecombe, the wife of the species author.^[1]

Taxonomy

Species previously assigned to Acaste

Some species originally designated to Acaste have now been reassigned to other genera.^[4]

A. birminghamensis = Llandovacaste birminghamensis^[1]
A. constrictus = Acastoides constricta
A. cordobesa = Pennaia verneuili^[1]
A. henni = Acastoides henni
A. verneuili = Calmonia terrarocenai^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Edgecombe, G.D. (1993). "Silurian Acastacean trilobites of the Americas" (PDF). Journal of Paleontology. 67 (4): 535–548. Bibcode:1993JPal...67..535E. doi:10.1017/S0022336000024884. S2CID 132918487.
^ British Palaeozoic Fossils - Natural History Museum 4th edition 1975. Plate 29. ISBN 0-565-05624-7.
^ H H Swinnerton - Outlines of Palaeontology, Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd, 1972 (p. 247) ISBN 0-7131-2357-5.
^ Moore, R.C. (1959). Arthropoda I - Arthropoda General Features, Proarthropoda, Euarthropoda General Features, Trilobitomorpha. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Vol. Part O. Boulder, Colorado/Lawrence, Kansas: Geological Society of America/University of Kansas Press. pp. 1–560. ISBN 0-8137-3015-5.

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[Acastacean-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Edgecombe, G.D. (1993). "Silurian Acastacean trilobites of the Americas" (PDF). Journal of Paleontology. 67 (4): 535–548. Bibcode:1993JPal...67..535E. doi:10.1017/S0022336000024884. S2CID 132918487.

[2] British Palaeozoic Fossils - Natural History Museum 4th edition 1975. Plate 29. ISBN 0-565-05624-7.

[3] H H Swinnerton - Outlines of Palaeontology, Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd, 1972 (p. 247) ISBN 0-7131-2357-5.

[Treatise-4] Moore, R.C. (1959). Arthropoda I - Arthropoda General Features, Proarthropoda, Euarthropoda General Features, Trilobitomorpha. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Vol. Part O. Boulder, Colorado/Lawrence, Kansas: Geological Society of America/University of Kansas Press. pp. 1–560. ISBN 0-8137-3015-5.

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[2]

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Etymology

Taxonomy

Species previously assigned to Acaste

See also

References