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Polish/Nouns - Number

From Wikibooks, open books for an open world

Polish nouns are classified as singular (name for one thing) or plural (name for more than one thing)


To make singular feminine nouns plural, look at the penultimate letter to decide what to change the -a to:

Singular Plural Example
-ka, -ga -ki, -gi noganogi (leg – legs)
-ca, -ea, -ia, -ja, -la, -ża (-rza) -ce, -ee, -ie, -je, -le, -że (-rze) różaróże (rose – roses)
-[everything else] + a -[everything else] + y torba – torby (bag – bags)

Remember that rz also sounds like ż

  • burzaburze (storm – storms)


To make neuter nouns plural, change the -o, -e, or -um to -a

  • oknookna
  • muzeummuzea

The plurals of nouns ending in are irregular and will not be covered at this time.


To make masculine nouns plural, look at the last letter. They follow similar rules to feminine nouns.

Singular Plural Example
-k, -g -ki, -gi bokboki (side – sides)
-c, -j, -l, -ż (-rz) -ce, -je, -le, -że (-rze) garażgaraże (garage – garages)
-ć, -ń, -ś, -ź -cie, -nie, -sie, -zie końkonie (horse – horses)
-[everything else] -[everything else] + y las – lasy (forest – forests)


Exercises

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Given the plural noun and its gender below, make it singular (Click "▼" to check your answer):

szkoły (f)
szkoła
szkoła
komputery (m)
komputer
komputer
nauczyciele (m)
nauczyciel
nauczyciel
okna (n)
okno
okno
soki (m)
sok
sok
idee (f)
idea
idea
pociągi (m)
pociąg
pociąg
łóżka (n)
łóżko
łóżko
lekcje (f)
lekcja
lekcja
konie (m)
koń
koń