行

行 U+884C, 行 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-884C ← 衋 [U+884B] CJK Unified Ideographs 衍 → [U+884D]

⾏ U+2F8F, ⾏ KANGXI RADICAL WALK ENCLOSURE ← ⾎ [U+2F8E] Kangxi Radicals ⾐ → [U+2F90]

行 U+FA08, 行 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA08 ← 輻 [U+FA07] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 降 → [U+FA09]

Stroke order

行 (Kangxi radical 144, 行+0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 竹人一一弓 (HOMMN), four-corner 2122₁, composition ⿰彳亍)

1. Kangxi radical #144, ⾏.
2. Shuowen Jiezi radical №37

行 itself is also used as a radical (in addition to 彳); unusually for radicals, the phonetic is placed in the middle – with 彳 on the left and 亍 on the right – corresponding to the phonetic originally being placed at the middle of the intersection.

• Appendix:Chinese radical/行
• 哘, 垳, 㤚, 𢫱, 洐, 𭤷, 𣆯, 桁, 烆, 珩, 胻, 𮁴, 䀪, 𮀖, 𥞧, 裄, 絎(绗), 𦨵, 𧊽, 𠒣, 𧻥, 䟰, 𮠧, 𬫑, 䯒, 䰢, 𫙚, 𮬷
• 鴴(鸻), 𢙡, 𪩵, 𪨳, 荇, 筕, 𢔖, 𧊔, 𢔮, 䚘, 䡓, 𢕋, 𢕁, 銜, 𢕵, 𢖍, 鵆, 𨴠

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1108, character 31
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34029
• Dae Jaweon: page 1570, character 31
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 811, character 6
• Unihan data for U+884C

• Unihan data for U+FA08

simp. and trad.		行

Pictogram (象形) – a street intersection.

Originally symmetric, it has been simplified asymmetrically; the left half 彳 (chì) is widely used as a radical, while the right half 亍 (chù) finds occasional use, and the character can be broken up as 彳 + 亍, though originally it was not a compound.

行

1. (literary or dialectal) to walk

   • 子曰：「三人行，必有我師焉。擇其善者而從之，其不善者而改之。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     子曰：「三人行，必有我师焉。择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Zǐ yuē: “Sān rén xíng, bì yǒu wǒ shī yān. Zé qí shàn zhě ér cóng zhī, qí bù shàn zhě ér gǎi zhī.” [Pinyin]

     The Master said, “When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers. I will select their good qualities and follow them, their bad qualities and avoid them.”

2. (Cantonese, of a vehicle) to go

   架巴士行得好慢 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]

   gaa³ baa¹ si⁶ haang⁴ dak¹ hou² maan⁶ [Jyutping]

   the bus goes slowly

3. (Cantonese) to navigate

   落咗車之後點行呀？ [Cantonese, trad.]
   落咗车之后点行呀？ [Cantonese, simp.]

   lok⁶ zo² ce¹ zi¹ hau⁶ dim² haang⁴ aa³? [Jyutping]

   What do I do after I get off?

4. (Cantonese) to roam; to stroll; to wander

   Synonym: 逛 (guàng)

5. (Cantonese, computing) to run
6. to go; to move
7. to carry out; to execute
8. to perform (a salute)
9. OK; good

   行，就這麼定了。 [MSC, trad.]
   行，就这么定了。 [MSC, simp.]

   Xíng, jiù zhème dìng le. [Pinyin]

   OK, it's a deal.

10. to be good; to work

    我覺得這方法行。 [MSC, trad.]
    我觉得这方法行。 [MSC, simp.]

    Wǒ juéde zhè fāngfǎ xíng. [Pinyin]

    I think this will work.

11. to be good (opposed to bad) (usually in negative sentences, or with 還／还)

    我成績不行。／我成绩不行。  ―  Wǒ chéngjì bù xíng.  ―  I have bad grades.

12. to be able to do something (usually mentioned before)

    他能四分鐘跑一公里，我不行。 [MSC, trad.]
    他能四分钟跑一公里，我不行。 [MSC, simp.]

    Tā néng sì fēnzhōng pǎo yī gōnglǐ, wǒ bù xíng. [Pinyin]

    He can run a kilometre within 4 minutes. I can't (do that).

13. (often sarcastic) remarkable

    你真行。  ―  Nǐ zhēn xíng.  ―  You are really something.

    可還行／可还行  ―  kěháixíng  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

14. (Northern Wu) trending; fashionable; popular

    阿拉伊搶辰光專門行派力司褲子個。 [Shanghainese, trad.]
    阿拉伊抢辰光专门行派力司裤子个。 [Shanghainese, simp.]

    ⁷aq-laq-i-chian ⁶zen-kuaon ¹tsoe-men ⁶ghan ¹pha-liq-sy ¹khu-tsy-gheq [Wugniu]

    In our days palace trousers were especially in.

15. (Hinduism, Buddhism) vedana

Notice that when meaning “be able to do something”, 行 can only be used without a complement. This is different from 能 (néng, “to be able to (do something)”).

行

1. profession; industry; trade; business
2. place for specific transaction

   銀行／银行  ―  yínháng  ―  bank [lit. silver store]

   珠寶行／珠宝行  ―  zhūbǎoháng  ―  jewellery store

3. line of objects; row

   兩行字／两行字 [Cantonese]  ―  loeng⁵ hong⁴ zi⁶ [Jyutping]  ―  two lines of text

4. (Mainland China) row (in data tables)

   Synonym: 列 (liè) (Taiwan)

5. (Taiwan) column (in data tables)

   Synonym: 列 (liè) (Mainland China)

6. (Cantonese) Short for 行貨／行货.
7. (Cantonese) coarse; of poor quality; too general

Others:

• → Khmer: ហាង (haang)
• → Thai: ห้าง (hâang)
• → Zhuang: hangz

行

1. ^⁜ behaviour; conduct

行

1. skill from monk training

   道行  ―  dàohéng  ―  monk training

行

1. order; rank
2. ^† Used in 行行 (“bold; staunch; strong”).
3. Used in 樹行子／树行子 (“row of trees”).

simp. and trad.		行
alternative forms		杭

行 (Northern Wu)

1. to endure; to bear; to get by

   日腳再困難也要行行伊過去。 [Ningbonese, trad.]
   日脚再困难也要行行伊过去。 [Ningbonese, simp.]

   From: 1996, Tang Zhenzhu, Wu Xinmin and Wu Xinxian, 寧波方言詞典, page 240

   However strenuous our life may get, we just have to try and get through it.

• “行”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A03699
• (Min Nan) “Entry #2617”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

1. to go
2. to carry out
3. line, row

From Middle Chinese 行 (MC haeng); compare Mandarin 行 (xíng):

• Go-on: ぎょう (gyō, Jōyō)^{←ぎやう (gyau, historical)}
• Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)^{←かう (kau, historical)}
• Sō-on: あん (an, Jōyō ^†)
• Tō-on: あん (an, Jōyō ^†)、ひん (hin)

From Middle Chinese 行 (MC haengH); compare Mandarin 行 (xìng):

• Go-on: ぎょう (gyō, Jōyō)^{←ぎやう (gyau, historical)}
• Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)^{←かう (kau, historical)}
• Sō-on: あん (an, Jōyō ^†)
• Tō-on: あん (an, Jōyō ^†)

From Middle Chinese 行 (MC hang); compare Mandarin 行 (háng):

• Go-on: ごう (gō)^{←がう (gau, historical)}
• Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)^{←かう (kau, historical)}
• Kan’yō-on: ぎょう (gyō, Jōyō)^{←ぎやう (gyau, historical)}

From Middle Chinese 行 (MC hangH); compare Mandarin 行 (hàng):

• Go-on: ごう (gō)^{←がう (gau, historical)}
• Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)^{←かう (kau, historical)}
• Kan’yō-on: ぎょう (gyō, Jōyō)^{←ぎやう (gyau, historical)}

From native Japanese roots:

• Kun: いく (iku, 行く, Jōyō)、ゆく (yuku, 行く, Jōyō)、おこなう (okonau, 行う, Jōyō)^{←おこなふ (okonafu, 行ふ, historical)}、おこなう (okonau, 行なう)^{←おこなふ (okonafu, 行なふ, historical)}、おこない (okonai, 行い)^{←おこなひ (okonafi, 行ひ, historical)}、くだり (kudari, 行)、しぬ (shinu, 行ぬ)、みち (michi, 行)、やる (yaru, 行る)
• Nanori: あきら (akira)、き (ki)、たか (taka)、つら (tsura)、のり (nori)、ひら (hira)、みち (michi)、もち (mochi)、やす (yasu)、ゆき (yuki)

From Middle Chinese 行 (MC haeng). First cited in Buddhist texts of the early 600s.^[1]

The goon pronunciation, so likely an earlier borrowing.

• For the "formations" definition, translation of Sanskrit संस्कार (saṃskāra)
• For "austerities", translation of Sanskrit चर्या (caryā)
• For "walking", translation of Sanskrit गमन (gamana)

• (Tokyo) ぎょー [gyóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]
• IPA^(key): [ɡʲo̞ː]

行(ぎょう) • (gyō) ^{←ぎやう (gyau)?}

1. [from late 1100s] a line of text
2. [date uncertain] (mathematics) a row of a matrix
3. [from 1177] (calligraphy) Abbreviation of 行書 (“semi-cursive script”).
4. [from 1887] a row or column, such as in a table; more specifically, such a row or column in the gojūon table, which consists of kana that have or historically had the same initial consonant

   Coordinate term: 段 (dan)

   さ行(ぎょう)う段(だん)

   sa-gyō u-dan

   row sa, section u (of consonant /s/ and vowel /u/)

5. [from 830] (Buddhism) saṅkhāra: formations, mental activity; one of the 五蘊 (goun, “five skandhas”)
6. [from early 600s] (Buddhism) caryā: austerities; practice or discipline for enlightenment (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
7. [date uncertain] (Buddhism) gamana: manner of going forward or walking (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

• (formations): 行(ぎょう)蘊(うん) (gyōun)

• 五(ご)蘊(うん) (gōn, “five skandhas”): 色(しき) (shiki, “rūpa”), 受(じゅ) (ju, “vedanā”), 想(そう) (sō, “saññā”), 行(ぎょう) (gyō, “saṅkhāra”), 識(しき) (shiki, “viññāṇa”)

行(ぎょう) • (Gyō) 

1. a surname
2. a unisex given name

From Middle Chinese 行 (MC hang|haeng|hangH|haengH). First cited to 1275.^[1]

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely the later borrowing.

• (Tokyo) こー [kóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]
• IPA^(key): [ko̞ː]

行(こう) • (kō) ^{←かう (kau)?}

1. going; travelling (UK), traveling (US)
2. type of classical Chinese verse (usually an epic)
3. (archaic) merchant's association; guild

行(こう) • (Kō) 

1. a unisex given name

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

行(あん) • (an) 

1. journey; travel
2. carry around

Cognate with 下(くだ)り (kudari, “downward-going”).^[2]

• (Tokyo) くだり [kùdárí] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
• IPA^(key): [kɯ̟da̠ɾʲi]

行(くだり) • (kudari) 

1. vertical row
2. vertical line

行(くだり) • (-kudari) 

1. used to count lines of sentences (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

Various nanori readings.

行(あきら) or 行(すすむ) or 行(とおる) or 行(まこと) • (Akira or Susumu or Tōru or Makoto) 

1. a unisex given name

行(あるき) • (Aruki) 

1. A place name

行(あん) or 行(いく) or 行(いたる) or 行(ゆくえ) • (An or Iku or Itaru or Yukue) 

1. a female given name

行(つとむ) or 行(つよし) • (Tsutomu or Tsuyoshi) 

1. a male given name

行(ゆき) • (Yuki) 

1. A place name
2. a surname
3. a female given name

“movement; going”

From Middle Chinese 行 (MC haeng, “walk; move”).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	Recorded as Middle Korean ᅘᆡᇰ (Yale: hhòyng) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
	Gloss (hun)	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[3]	녈 ᄒᆡᇰ	Recorded as Middle Korean ᄒᆡᇰ (hoyng) (Yale: hòyng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Gwangju Cheonjamun, 1575	녈 ᄒᆡᆼ	Recorded as Middle Korean ᄒᆡᆼ (hoyng) (Yale: hoyng) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.
Early Modern Korean
Text	Final (韻)	Reading
Samun Seonghwi, 1751	ᄃᆞᆫ닐 ᄒᆡᆼ	Recorded as Early Modern Korean ᄒᆡᆼ (Yale: hoyng) in Juhae Cheonjamun (註解千字文 / 주해천자문), 1804.

“behaviour; conduct”

From Middle Chinese 行 (MC haengH, “behaviour”).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	Recorded as Middle Korean ᅘᆡᇰ〮 (Yale: hhóyng) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
	Gloss (hun)	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[4]	ᄒᆡᇰ〯뎍〮 ᄒᆡᇰ〯	Recorded as Middle Korean ᄒᆡᇰ〯 (hǒyng) (Yale: hǒyng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Gwangju Cheonjamun, 1575	ᄒᆡᆼ실 ᄒᆡᆼ	Recorded as Middle Korean  ᄒᆡᆼ ( hoyng) (Yale: hoyng) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.
Early Modern Korean
Text	Final (韻)	Reading
Samun Seonghwi, 1751	ᄒᆡᆼ실 ᄒᆡᆼ	Recorded as Early Modern Korean ᄒᆡᆼ (Yale: hoyng) in Juhae Cheonjamun (註解千字文 / 주해천자문), 1804.

“line; row”

From a corrupted or unorthodox reading. The original reading is 항 (hang) based on Middle Chinese 行 (MC hang, “row”).

“place for specific transaction”

From a corrupted or unorthodox reading. The original reading is 항 (hang) based on Middle Chinese 行 (MC hang, “market”).

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [hɛŋ] ~ [he̞ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [행/헹]

Wikisource

行 (eumhun 다닐 행 (danil haeng))

1. hanja form^? of 행 (“movement; going”)
2. hanja form^? of 행 (“behaviour; conduct”)
3. hanja form^? of 행 (“line; row”)
4. hanja form^? of 행 (“place for specific transaction”)
5. hanja form^? of 행 (“(suffix) (transport) bound for”)

From Middle Chinese 行 (MC hang, “row”).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	Recorded as Middle Korean ᅘᅡᇰ (Yale: hhàng) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
	Gloss (hun)	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[5]	져제〮 하ᇰ	Recorded as Middle Korean 하ᇰ (hang) (Yale: hàng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Early Modern Korean
Text	Final (韻)	Reading
Samun Seonghwi, 1751	줄 행	Recorded as Early Modern Korean 항 (Yale: hang) in Juhae Cheonjamun (註解千字文 / 주해천자문), 1804.

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ha̠ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [항]

行 (eumhun 항렬 항 (hangnyeol hang))

1. hanja form^? of 항 (“degree of familial relation”)
2. (historical) hanja form^? of 항 (“a line of soldiers”)

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [6]

行: Hán Việt readings: hàng, hành, hãng, hạng, hạnh
行: Nôm readings: hàng, hành, hăng, ngành

1. goods, product
2. shop
3. queue
4. (writing) line
5. (arithmetic) a place
6. (Confucianism) virtue
7. rank
8. company, firm
9. (archaic) to go, to travel (on a long journey).