蔑

See also: 衊

蔑	U+8511, 蔑 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8511

← 蔐
[U+8510]

CJK Unified Ideographs

蔒 →
[U+8512]

Translingual

Han character

蔑 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+11, 15 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 14 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿田中戈 (TWLI), four-corner 4425₃, composition ⿱𦭝戍 or ⿳艹罒戍)

Antonyms

尊

Derived characters

㒝𡃙幭瀎懱㩢𣋻櫗䁾礣襪䌩蠛衊鑖䩏韈韤䯦𩴾鱴𪇴𩆪𤻻

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1054, character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31781
Dae Jaweon: page 1516, character 26
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3279, character 8
Unihan data for U+8511

Chinese

trad.		蔑
simp. ^#		蔑

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 蔑
Shang	Western Zhou
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions

Characters in the same phonetic series (蔑) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
礣	*mreːd
蔑	meːd, meːd
篾	*meːd
蠛	*meːd
懱	*meːd
幭	*meːd
鱴	*meːd
衊	*meːd
瀎	meːd, maːd
襪	*mad
韤	*mad
韈	*mad

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 𦰋 (“person”) + 戈 (“dagger-axe”) – a weapon striking a person's lower leg.

𦰋 (“person”) was composed of an eye with eyebrows (now written 眉) on top of 人. The eye and eyebrows are written ⿱艹罒 in the modern form of 蔑, and 人 has combined with 戈 to form 戍.

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): miè (mie⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄝˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): mit⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bia̍t

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: miè
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄝˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: miè
  - Wade–Giles: mieh⁴
  - Yale: myè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mieh
  - Palladius: ме (me)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mi̯ɛ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: mit⁶
  - Yale: miht
  - Cantonese Pinyin: mit⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: mid⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /miːt̚²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bia̍t
  - Tâi-lô: bia̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: biat
  - IPA (Xiamen): /biɛt̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /biɛt̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /biɛt̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /biɛt̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /biɛt̚⁴/

Middle Chinese: met

Rime
Character	蔑
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	屑 (87)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	莫結切
Baxter	met
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/met̚/
Pan Wuyun	/met̚/
Shao Rongfen	/mɛt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mɛt̚/
Li Rong	/met̚/
Wang Li	/miet̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/miet̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	miè
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mit⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤet/

(Zhengzhang): /*meːd/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	蔑
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	miè
Middle Chinese	‹ met ›
Old Chinese	/*mˁet/
English	destroy; not have
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蔑	蔑
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	9116	9118
Phonetic component	蔑	蔑
Rime group	月	月
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	蔑	蔑
Old Chinese	/*meːd/	/*meːd/
Notes	金文從伐𥄕聲或眉聲，兼殺滅伐功義

Definitions

蔑

to belittle; to disdain; to despise
to extinguish; to obliterate
to discard
slight; small; lowly
nothing; none
(of the eye) red and swollen, making one unable to see clearly

Synonyms

藐 (miǎo)
鄙 (bǐ)

Compounds

侮蔑 (wǔmiè)
吉蔑 (Jímiè)
方斯蔑如
毀廉蔑恥／毁廉蔑耻
污蔑 (wūmiè)
蔑如
蔑棄／蔑弃
蔑視／蔑视 (mièshì)
蔑蒙
誣蔑／诬蔑 (wūmiè)
輕蔑／轻蔑 (qīngmiè)

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 蔑 – see 衊 (“dirty blood; to smear; etc.”). (This character is the simplified form of 衊).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

References

“蔑”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

蔑

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

Go-on: めち (mechi)
Kan-on: べつ (betsu, Jōyō)
Kun: さげすむ (sagesumu, 蔑む, Jōyō)、ないがしろ (naigashiro, 蔑ろ)、なみする (namisuru, 蔑する)、ない (nai)

Compounds

軽蔑(けいべつ) (keibetsu)
蔑称(べっしょう) (besshō)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 蔑 (MC met).

Recorded as Middle Korean 며ᇙ〮 (Yale: myelq) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Recorded as Middle Korean 멸〮 (myél) (Yale: myel) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

蔑

Wikisource

蔑 (eumhun 업신여길 멸 (eopsinyeogil myeol))

hanja form^? of 멸 (“to belittle; to despise”)

Compounds

능멸 (凌蔑, neungmyeol)
모멸 (侮蔑, momyeol)
경멸 (輕蔑, gyeongmyeol)
멸시 (蔑視, myeolsi)
능멸 (陵蔑, neungmyeol)
만멸 (慢蔑, manmyeol)
멸대 (蔑待, myeoldae)
멸략 (蔑略, myeollyak)
자멸 (自蔑, jamyeol)
멸의 (蔑義, myeorui)
멸법 (蔑法, myeolbeop)
멸칭 (蔑稱, myeolching)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

Han character

蔑: Hán Nôm readings: miệt

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

miệt thị (蔑視)