化石
Appearance
Chinese
[edit]to make into; to change into; ‑ization to make into; to change into; ‑ization; to ... ‑ize; to transform |
rock; stone; 10 pecks | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (化石) | 化 | 石 | |
simp. #(化石) | 化 | 石 | |
anagram | 石化 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): faa3 sek6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fa-sa̍k
- Eastern Min (BUC): huá-siŏh / huá-sĭk
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5ho-zaq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄚˋ ㄕˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: huàshíh
- Wade–Giles: hua4-shih2
- Yale: hwà-shŕ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huahshyr
- Palladius: хуаши (xuaši)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xu̯ä⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: faa3 sek6
- Yale: fa sehk
- Cantonese Pinyin: faa3 sek9
- Guangdong Romanization: fa3 ség6
- Sinological IPA (key): /faː³³ sɛːk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fa-sa̍k
- Hakka Romanization System: fa sag
- Hagfa Pinyim: fa4 sag6
- Sinological IPA: /fa⁵⁵ sak̚⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: huá-siŏh / huá-sĭk
- Sinological IPA (key): /hua²¹³⁻⁵⁵ (s-)luoʔ⁵/, /hua²¹³⁻⁵⁵ (s-)liʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hòa-chio̍h
- Tâi-lô: huà-tsio̍h
- Phofsit Daibuun: hoarcioih
- IPA (Xiamen): /hua²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sioʔ⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hua²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡siɤʔ⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /hua¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡sioʔ⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hua⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡sioʔ²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hua²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sioʔ¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hòa-se̍k
- Tâi-lô: huà-si̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: hoarsek
- IPA (Xiamen): /hua²¹⁻⁵³ siɪk̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: huê3 ziêh8 / huê3 zioh8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huè tsie̍h / huè tsio̍h
- Sinological IPA (key): /hue²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sieʔ⁴/, /hue²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sioʔ⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Wu
Noun
[edit]化石
Derived terms
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
化 | 石 |
か Grade: 3 |
せき Grade: 1 |
on'yomi |
Etymology
[edit]化 (ka, “to change into”) + 石 (seki, “stone”)
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]化石 • (kaseki) ←くわせき (kwaseki)?
- a fossil
- petrifaction
- (metaphor, insult) out-of-date person, thing
Derived terms
[edit]- 化石化 (kasekika): fossilize
- 化石学 (kasekigaku): paleontology
- 化石層 (kasekisō): fossil bed
- 化石人類 (kaseki jinrui): fossil men
- 化石燃料 (kaseki nenryō): fossil fuel
- 化石類人猿 (kaseki ruijin'en): anthropoid fossil
- 微化石 (bikaseki): microfossil
- 糞化石 (funkaseki): coprolite, guano
- 示準化石 (jijun-kaseki): index fossil, key fossil
- 生痕化石 (seikon kaseki): trace fossil
- 生きた化石 (ikita kaseki): living fossil, relict
Verb
[edit]化石する • (kaseki suru) suru (stem 化石し (kaseki shi), past 化石した (kaseki shita))
- to fossilize
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "化石する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 化石し | かせきし | kaseki shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 化石し | かせきし | kaseki shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 化石する | かせきする | kaseki suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 化石する | かせきする | kaseki suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 化石すれ | かせきすれ | kaseki sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 化石せよ¹ 化石しろ² |
かせきせよ¹ かせきしろ² |
kaseki seyo¹ kaseki shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 化石される | かせきされる | kaseki sareru | |
Causative | 化石させる 化石さす |
かせきさせる かせきさす |
kaseki saseru kaseki sasu | |
Potential | 化石できる | かせきできる | kaseki dekiru | |
Volitional | 化石しよう | かせきしよう | kaseki shiyō | |
Negative | 化石しない | かせきしない | kaseki shinai | |
Negative continuative | 化石せず | かせきせず | kaseki sezu | |
Formal | 化石します | かせきします | kaseki shimasu | |
Perfective | 化石した | かせきした | kaseki shita | |
Conjunctive | 化石して | かせきして | kaseki shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 化石すれば | かせきすれば | kaseki sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
Korean
[edit]Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
化 | 石 |
Noun
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
化 | 石 |
Noun
[edit]化石
Categories:
- Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation
- Cantonese terms with audio pronunciation
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 化
- Chinese terms spelled with 石
- Intermediate Mandarin
- zh:Paleontology
- Japanese terms spelled with 化 read as か
- Japanese terms spelled with 石 read as せき
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese compound terms
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms historically spelled with わ
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese suru verbs
- ja:Paleontology
- Korean lemmas
- Korean nouns
- Korean nouns in Han script
- Korean hanja forms
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese nouns
- Vietnamese nouns in Han script
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán