صرف

Root
ص ر ف (ṣ r f)
9 terms

صَرَفَ • (ṣarafa) I (non-past يَصْرِفُ (yaṣrifu), verbal noun صَرْف (ṣarf))

1. to turn
2. to divert, to turn away, to avert
3. to dismiss, to send away
4. (grammar) to inflect (a noun) with tanween
5. to change (money)
6. to spend (money, time)
7. to embellish (a speech)
8. to deliver, distribute

صَرَّفَ • (ṣarrafa) II (non-past يُصَرِّفُ (yuṣarrifu), verbal noun تَصْرِيف (taṣrīf))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 6:65:

     اُنْظُرْ كَيْفَ نُصَرِّفُ الْآيَاتِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَفْقَهُونَ

     unẓur kayfa nuṣarrifu l-ʔāyāti laʕallahum yafqahūna

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 25:50:

     وَلَقَدْ صَرَّفْنَاهُ بَيْنَهُمْ لِيَذَّكَّرُوا فَأَبَىٰ أَكْثَرُ النَّاسِ إِلَّا كُفُورًا

     walaqad ṣarrafnāhu baynahum liyaḏḏakkarū faʔabā ʔakṯaru n-nāsi ʔillā kufūran

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

3. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:164:

     إِنَّ فِي خَلْقِ ٱلسَّمَاوَاتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَٱخْتِلَافِ ٱللَّيْلِ وَٱلنَّهَارِ وَٱلْفُلْكِ ٱلَّتِي تَجْرِي فِي ٱلْبَحْرِ بِمَا يَنْفَعُ ٱلنَّاسَ وَمَا أَنْزَلَ ٱللَّهُ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَاءِ مِن مَاءٍ فَأَحْيَا بِهِ ٱلْأَرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا وَبَثَّ فِيهَا مِنْ كُلِّ دَابَّةٍ وَتَصْرِيفِ ٱلرِّيَاحِ وَٱلسَّحَابِ ٱلْمُسَخَّرِ بَيْنَ ٱلسَّمَاءِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ لَآيَاتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ

     ʔinna fī ḵalqi s-samāwāti wal-ʔarḍi waḵtilāfi l-layli wan-nahāri wal-fulki llatī tajrī fī l-baḥri bimā yanfaʕu n-nāsa wamā ʔanzala l-lahu mina s-samāʔi min māʔin faʔaḥyā bihi l-ʔarḍa baʕda mawtihā wabaṯṯa fīhā min kulli dābbatin wataṣrīfi r-riyāḥi was-saḥābi l-musaḵḵari bayna s-samāʔi wal-ʔarḍi laʔāyātin liqawmin yaʕqilūna

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

4. (linguistic morphology) to inflect
5. to conduct, to do

   وسنستمر في تصريف الاعمال بشكل عادي.

   We will continue to conduct business as normal.

صَرَفَ • (ṣarafa) I (non-past يَصْرِفُ (yaṣrifu), verbal noun صُرُوف (ṣurūf))

1. to drink (wine) unmixed

صَرَفَ • (ṣarafa) I (non-past يَصْرِفُ (yaṣrifu), verbal noun صَرِيف (ṣarīf))

1. to creak, to grate

صَرْف • (ṣarf) m

1. verbal noun of صَرَفَ (ṣarafa) (form I)
2. diverting, averting, turning away
3. expenditure, expense
4. delivery, distribution
5. (grammar) morphology, the breaking down and manipulating of roots
   • 1894, Ahmad Al-Hamalāwi, “مُقَدِّمَة فِي تَعْرِيفِ الصَّرْفِ [muqaddima(t) fī taʕrīfi ṣ-ṣarfi, Introduction]”, in Muḥammad Aḥmad Qāsim, editor, شذا العرف في فن الصرف, المكتبة العصرية, published 2003, →ISBN, page 23:

     الصَّرفُ، ويُقال له التصريف، وهو لغة: التغيير، ومن تصريف الرياح، أي: تغييرها^[١]. واصطلاحاً بالمعنى العَمَليّ: تحويل الأصل الواحد إلى أمثلة مختلفة، لمعان مقصودة، لا تحصل إلّا بها، كاسمي الفاعل والمفعول، واسم التفضيل، والتثنية والجمع، إلى غير ذلك^[٢]. وبالمعنى العِلْميّ^[٣]: علم بأصول يُعْرف بها أحوالُ أبنية الكلمة، التي ليست بإعراب ولا بناء^(١).

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

6. (grammar) inflection of nouns with tanween

• → Azerbaijani: sərf
• → Persian: صرف
  • → Urdu: صرف
• → Ottoman Turkish: صرف (sarf)
  • → Turkish: sarf
• → Uzbek: sarf

From Arabic صَرْف (ṣarf).

Readings
Classical reading?	sarf
Dari reading?	sarf
Iranian reading?	sarf
Tajik reading?	sarf

Dari	صرف
Iranian Persian
Tajik	сарф

صرف • (sarf)

1. conjugation
2. spending; consuming
3. (linguistics) morphology

• صرف کردن (sarf kardan)

• → Punjabi: ਸਰਫ਼ (saraf)

From Arabic صِرْف (ṣirf). Of likely Iranian origin; compare Old Armenian սուրբ (surb), Sanskrit शुभ्र (śubhra).

Readings
Classical reading?	sirf
Dari reading?	sirf
Iranian reading?	serf
Tajik reading?	sirf

Dari	صرف, خالی, فقط
Iranian Persian	فقط
Tajik	фақат, сирф

صرف • (serf)

1. mere, pure

صرف • (serf)

1. only, merely

• صرفاً (serfan)

• → Bengali: স্রেফ (sreph)
• → Hindi: सिर्फ़ (sirf)
• → Punjabi: ਸਿਰਫ਼ (siraf)

Root
ص ر ف
2 terms

From Arabic صَرَفَ (ṣarafa).

• IPA^(key): /sˤa.raf/, [ˈsˤɑ.rˤɑf]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

صرف • (ṣaraf) I (present بصرف (boṣrof))

1. to spend money
2. to change money (to another currency or into smaller units)
3. to dismiss, to fire (from work)

   Synonyms: عزل (ʕazal), فصل (faṣal), وقّف شغله (waʔʔaf šuḡlo)

Conjugation of صرف (ṣaraf)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	صرفت (ṣaraft)	صرفت (ṣaraft)	صرف (ṣaraf)		صرفنا (ṣarafna)	صرفتو (ṣaraftu)	صرفو (ṣarafu)
	f		صرفتي (ṣarafti)	صرفت (ṣarfat)
present	m	بصرف (baṣrof)	بتصرف (btoṣrof)	بصرف (boṣrof)		منصرف (mnoṣrof)	بتصرفو (btoṣrofu)	بصرفو (boṣrofu)
	f		بتصرفي (btoṣrofi)	بتصرف (btoṣrof)
subjunctive	m	أصرف (ʔaṣrof)	تصرف (toṣrof)	يصرف (yoṣrof)		نصرف (noṣrof)	تصرفو (toṣrofu)	يصرفو (yoṣrofu)
	f		تصرفي (toṣrofi)	تصرف (toṣrof)
imperative	m		اصرف (oṣrof)				اصرفو (oṣrofu)
	f		اصرفي (oṣrofi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian صِرْف (sirf), from Arabic صِرْف (ṣirf).

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /sɪɾf/
• Rhymes: -ɪɾf

صِرْف • (sirf) (Hindi spelling सिर्फ़)

1. only, just

   Synonym: بس (bas)

   مجھے صرف دو اور روپے کی ضرورت ہے۔

   mujhe sirf do aur rupe kī zarūrat hai.

   I only need two more rupees.

2. solely, exclusively

صِرْف • (sirf) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling सिर्फ़)

1. only, mere

   Synonym: کیوَل (keval)

   صرف دو منٹ ― sirf do minaṭ ― only two minutes

2. (dated) pure, unmixed, unadulterated

Borrowed from Classical Persian صَرْف (sarf), from Arabic صَرْف (ṣarf).

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /səɾf/
• Rhymes: -əɾf

صَرْف • (sarf) m (Hindi spelling सर्फ़)

1. expenditure, expense, use
2. (linguistics) morphology

Declension of صرف
	singular	plural
direct	صَرْف (sarf)	صَرْف (sarf)
oblique	صَرْف (sarf)	صَرْفوں (sarfõ)
vocative	صَرْف (sarf)	صَرْفو (sarfo)

صَرْف • (sarf) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling सर्फ़)

1. busy