-ig

-ig

1. -y; forms adjectives from nouns

From Middle Dutch -ich, from Old Dutch -ag, -ig, from Proto-West Germanic *-g, from Proto-Germanic *-agaz, *-īgaz, *-ugaz, each a variant of a common suffix *-gaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos.

• IPA^(key): /əx/

-ig

1. -y; forms adjectives from nouns

   Synonyms: -achtig, -erig

2. -ed, having (when attached to a noun preceded by an adjective that describes the noun)

   roodharig ― red-haired

   dikhuidig ― thick-skinned

   tweebenig ― two-legged

Declension of -ig
uninflected	-ig
inflected	-ige
comparative	-iger
		positive	comparative	superlative
predicative/adverbial		-ig	-iger	het -igst het -igste
indefinite	m./f. sing.	-ige	-igere	-igste
	n. sing.	-ig	-iger	-igste
	plural	-ige	-igere	-igste
definite		-ige	-igere	-igste
partitive		-igs	-igers	—

From Middle High German -ec, -ic, from Old High German -ig, from Proto-West Germanic *-g, from Proto-Germanic *-gaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos.

• IPA^(key): /ɪç/ (Germany; less common in southern regiolects)
• IPA^(key): /ɪk/, /ɪɡ̊/, /iɡ̊/ (most common form in southern Germany, Austria, and Switzerland)
• IPA^(key): /ɪɕ/, /ɪʃ/ (all central German dialects)

• Audio:

  (file)

-ig

1. -y; forms adjectives from nouns
2. forms adjectives from verbs
3. forms adjectives from adverbs

Note: There are also contracted forms like -'ger.

-ig

1. (Switzerland, colloquial) variation of -ung

• -lich
• -isch

Pronominal adverbs from case suffixes (cf. postpositions)
ed	suffix	who?	what?	this	that	he/she (it)*
case							v. pr.	c.
nom.	–	ki	mi	ez	az	ő* / -∅ az / -∅	–	–
acc.	-t / -ot / -at / -et / -öt	kit	mit	ezt	azt	őt* / -∅ azt / -∅	–	c1 c2
dat.	-nak / -nek	kinek	minek	ennek	annak	neki	neki-	c
ins.	-val / -vel	kivel	mivel	ezzel/ evvel	azzal/ avval	vele		c
c-f.	-ért	kiért	miért	ezért	azért	érte	–	c
tra.	-vá / -vé	kivé	mivé	ezzé	azzá	–	–	c
ter.	-ig	–	meddig	eddig	addig	–	–	c
e-f.	-ként	(kiként)	(miként)	ekként	akként	–	–	c
e-m.	-ul / -ül	–	–	–	–	–	–	c
ine.	-ban / -ben	kiben	miben	ebben	abban	benne	–	c
sup.	-n/-on/-en/-ön	kin	min	ezen	azon	rajta	(rajta-)	c
ade.	-nál / -nél	kinél	minél	ennél	annál	nála	–	c
ill.	-ba / -be	kibe	mibe	ebbe	abba	bele	bele-	c
sub.	-ra / -re	kire	mire	erre	arra	rá	rá-	c
all.	-hoz/-hez/-höz	kihez	mihez	ehhez	ahhoz	hozzá	hozzá-	c
el.	-ból / -ből	kiből	miből	ebből	abból	belőle	–	c
del.	-ról / -ről	kiről	miről	erről	arról	róla	–	c
abl.	-tól / -től	kitől	mitől	ettől	attól	tőle	–	c
*: Ő and őt refer to human beings; the forms below them might be construed likewise. – Forms in parentheses are uncommon. All »

• IPA^(key): [iɡ]
• Rhymes: -iɡ

-ig (terminative case suffix)

1. (of place) to, up to

   Az állomásig busszal mentünk, de onnan hazáig már gyalog. ― We traveled by bus to the station but from there to home we walked.

2. (of time) until, till

   Ötig dolgozom. ― I work until five o'clock.

3. for a specified length of time

   A levél olyan hosszú volt, hogy tíz percig olvastam. ― The letter was so long that I was reading it for 10 minutes.

• It has no harmonic variants. It is used by both back-vowel and front-vowel words.
• The above two senses may be ambiguous when hour or o'clock is mentioned, as in this sentence:

  Két óráig maradunk. ― We'll stay for two hours OR We'll stay until 2 o'clock.

To avoid this ambiguity, the accusative case may be employed when referring to the duration (Két órát maradunk), and the sentence may be rephrased when referring to the end point (Két óra múlva indulunk – We're leaving in two hours.)

• (until): With pointlike events or places the meaning is usually clear. However, it is ambiguous when the given event itself lasts for some time or the given object is such that it matters whether it is included, excluded or partially included.

  Szerdáig van időd. ― You have time until Wednesday.

  • With exclusion: on Wednesday 00:01 A.M. you are already late (rare, one would probably say keddig; until Tuesday)
  • With partial inclusion: the border line is somewhere during the day (most likely)
  • With full inclusion: you have the full Wednesday (also possible)

• addig, eddig, meddig
• Category:Hungarian terms taking -ig
• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

-ig

1. Alternative form of -y

From -ugr, Old Norse -igr (“-y”), from *-ugaz, Proto-Germanic *-īgaz (“-y”), from *-gaz (“-y”), from Proto-Indo-European *-kos, *-ḱos (“-y”). Certain words also from Low German -ig (“-y”) or German -ig (“-y”), from Middle High German -ec, -ic, from Old High German -ig, from Proto-West Germanic *-g, from Proto-Germanic *-gaz (“-y”), from Proto-Indo-European *-kos (“-y”).

-ig

1. -y; forms adjectives from nouns

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “inherited from Old Norse or derived from Middle Low German loanwords?”)

-ig

1. -y; forms adjectives from nouns

• -ug

-ig

1. A suffix denoting the third person singular to first- or second-person singular form of a transitive animate verb (vta)

From Proto-West Germanic *-ag, -ig. Still distinct in the earliest texts.

• -iċ, -eġ

• IPA^(key): /ij/

-iġ

1. -y; forms adjectives from nouns and verbs

• bisiġ
• findiġ

• Middle English: -iȝ, -i, -y, -ich
  • English: -y, -ey, -ie
  • Scots: -ie

From Proto-West Germanic *-i, *-ī, from Proto-Germanic *-j-, *-ij- (diminutive suffix).

• -g, -ih

• IPA^(key): /iɡ/, [iɣ], /ij/

-ig or -iġ

1. Suffix creating diminutive nouns from other nouns.

   bōsiġ

• Middle English: -y
  • Scots: -ie
    • English: -ie, -y

From Proto-Germanic *-gaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos.

-ig

1. -y; forms adjectives from i-stem nouns and verbs

• -ag

-ig

1. slender form of -aig

From Old Norse -agr, -igr, from Proto-Germanic *-gaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos. Cognate with English -y. Compare Old English -ig.

• IPA^(key): /ɪ(ɡ)/

-ig

1. -y; forms adjectives from nouns and verbs

   ‎is (“ice”) + ‎-ig → ‎isig (“icy”)

   ‎kunna (“be able to, know”) + ‎-ig → ‎kunnig (“knowledgeable”)

3. -ed (when attached to a compound of an adjective and a noun or verb it describes)

   Han är rödhårig

   He is red-haired

• Often pronounced without the final 'g' (/ɪ/).
• In (sense 2), "Han är rödhårad" reads like "He is red-hair'ed," as if someone has done "red hair" to him. The same reading is possible in English, but natural in Swedish.

From Proto-Celtic *-ikos. Cognate with Cornish -ik, Breton -ig, Proto-Germanic *-igaz, Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós), Latin -icus.^[1]

• IPA^(key): /ɪɡ/

-ig

1. forms adjectives from nouns, -y

   ‎gwenwyn (“poison”) + ‎-ig → ‎gwenwynig (“poisonous”)

   ‎pwys (“weight, pound”) + ‎-ig → ‎pwysig (“important”)

   ‎Gwyddel (“Irish man”) + ‎-ig → ‎Gwyddelig (“Irish”)

2. person or object with characteristics of the root word

   ‎lloer (“moon”) + ‎-ig → ‎lloerig (“lunatic”)

   ‎ysgol (“school”) + ‎-ha + ‎-ig → ‎ysgolhaig (“scholar”)

   ‎calan (“first day of the year”) + ‎-ig → ‎calennig (“New Year's gift”)

3. diminutive suffix, -let

   ‎afon (“river”) + ‎-ig → ‎afonig (“rivulet”)

   ‎barwn (“baron”) + ‎-ig → ‎barwnig (“baronet”)

   ‎oen (“lamb”) + ‎-ig → ‎oenig (“small ewe lamb”)

4. (chemistry) -ic, Used in chemical nomenclature to name chemical compounds in which a specified chemical element has a higher oxidation number than in the equivalent compound whose name ends in the suffix -us. For example asid nitrig (“nitric acid, HNO₃”) has more oxygen atoms per molecule than asid nitrus (“nitrous acid, HNO₂”).

-edig (“forms adjectives from verbs”)

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “-ig”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies