bráthair

PIE word
*bʰréh₂tēr

From Old Irish bráthair (“brother”), from Proto-Celtic *brātīr, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr.

• IPA^(key): /ˈbˠɾˠɑːhəɾʲ/

bráthair m (genitive singular bráthar, nominative plural bráithre)

1. (religion) brother (male fellow member of a religious community)
   1. friar
   2. kinsman (member of society)
2. monkfish, angel shark

• bráthair an dreoilín (“hedge-sparrow”)
• bráithre bána (“white-crested waves; grubs of bees”)
• praiseach bhráthar (“Good-King-Henry”)

• bráithriúil (“brotherly”, adjective)
• bráithriúlacht m (“brotherliness”)
• deartháir m (“brother, male sibling”)

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “bráthair”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “bráthair”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 49
• “bráthair”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024

From Proto-Celtic *brātīr, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr.

• IPA^(key): /ˈbraːθirʲ/

bráthair m (genitive bráthar, nominative plural bráithir)

1. brother, cousin, kinsman
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 7^d8

     Do·beir-som ainm bráthre doib, arná·epret is ara miscuis in cúrsachad, act is ara seircc.

     He calls them brothers, lest they should say the reprimand is because of hatred for them, but it is because of love for them.

   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 10^c21

     Ba torad sa⟨í⟩thir dúun in chrud so ce du·melmis cech túari et ce du·gnemmis a ndu·gníat ar céli, act ní bad nertad na mbráithre et frescsiu fochricce as móo.

     It would be a fruit of labor for us in this way if we consumed every food and if we did what our fellows do, but it would not be a strengthening of the brothers and a hope of a greater reward.

   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 34^a4

     ɔrabad cech bráthair post alium .i. is huisse ce ru·samaltar fri Críst

     so that each brother should be after the other, i.e. it is right that he be compared to Christ

Masculine r-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	bráthair	bráthairL	bráithir
Vocative	bráthair	bráthairL	bráithrea
Accusative	bráthairN	bráthairL	bráithrea
Genitive	bráthar	bráthar	brátharN, brá(i)threN
Dative	bráthairL	bráithrib	bráithrib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

• Irish: bráthair
• Manx: braar
• Scottish Gaelic: bràthair
• ⇒ Middle Irish: bráithremail

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “bráthair”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language