ala
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Page categories
English
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Originated 1730–40, borrowed from Latin āla (“wing”). Doublet of aisle.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈeɪ.lə/
Audio (Southern England): (file) - Rhymes: -eɪlə
Noun
[edit]- (anatomy) A wing or winglike anatomic process or part, especially of bone.
- (botany) The flattened border of some stems, fruits, and seeds, or one of the two side petals of certain flowers in the pea family.
- (architecture) In ancient Rome, a small room opening into a larger room or courtyard.
Translations
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Borrowed from French à la, by way of its English derivation a la.
Preposition
[edit]ala
- (colloquial) Alternative form of a la.
- 2006, WorstPreviews.com[7], archived from the original on 7 June 2020:
- The film is told in reverse ala Memento.
- 2008 November 14, admin, “Quantum of Solace”, in Film Threat[8]:
- […] interactive plasma screens with flashing digits and what not, ala “Minority Report,” […]
- 2011 March 11, Aaron Blake, Chris Cillizza, “Palin: The GOP's Pelosi?”, in The Fix[9], archived from the original on 24 June 2011:
- […] we might be getting to the point where Palin is a bona fide liability—ala Pelosi—for the GOP.
References
[edit]- “ala”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
- “ala”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin, 2000, →ISBN.
- “ala”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
- “ala” examples at Wordnik
Anagrams
[edit]Afar
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ála m (plural alluwwá f or alwá f)
- animal, wild animal
- European, white person (clarification of this definition is needed)
Declension
[edit]Declension of ála | ||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
absolutive | ála | |||||||||||||||||
predicative | ála | |||||||||||||||||
subjective | alí | |||||||||||||||||
genitive | alí | |||||||||||||||||
|
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]alá f (masculine rakúb, plural aloolí f)
Declension
[edit]Declension of alá | ||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
absolutive | alá | |||||||||||||||||
predicative | alá | |||||||||||||||||
subjective | alá | |||||||||||||||||
genitive | alá | |||||||||||||||||
|
Hypernyms
[edit]- gaaláytu (“camel”)
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN, page 37
- Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2004) Parlons Afar: Langue et Culture, L'Hammartan, →ISBN, page 24
- Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)[11], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)
Asturian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala f (plural ales)
Azerbaijani
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *āla.[1]
Adjective
[edit]ala (comparative daha ala, superlative ən ala)
- variegated
- (poetic) blue (of eyes)
- ala gözlər ― blue eyes
Derived terms
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala (definite accusative alanı, plural alalar)
- vitiligo (the patchy loss of skin pigmentation.)
Declension
[edit]Declension of ala | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
nominative | ala |
alalar | ||||||
definite accusative | alanı |
alaları | ||||||
dative | alaya |
alalara | ||||||
locative | alada |
alalarda | ||||||
ablative | aladan |
alalardan | ||||||
definite genitive | alanın |
alaların |
Etymology 2
[edit]Interjection
[edit]ala
- dude
- Ala, nə eləyirsən?! ― Dude, what are you doing?!
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*āla”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
Balinese
[edit]Romanization
[edit]ala
- Romanization of ᬳᬮ
Baoule
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala
References
[edit]- ^ Kerharo, J., Bouquet, A. (1950) Plantes médicinales et toxiques de la Côte-d’Ivoire - Haute-Volta[2] (in French), Paris: Vigot Frères, page 131
- ^ Irvine, F. R. (1961) Woody Plants of Ghana: With Special Reference to Their Uses[3], London: Oxford University Press, page 427
Basque
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Presumably from Proto-Basque *aLa.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Conjunction
[edit]ala
- or (exclusive)
Usage notes
[edit]The conjunction ala is an exclusive or, while edo is an inclusive or. For instance, while Sagarrak edo udareak nahi al dituzu? and Sagarrak ala udareak nahi dituzu? are both correct, the former asks in a yes or no question if you want apples, pears, apples and pears, or nothing; while the latter asks which one you want, the apples, or the pears.
References
[edit]- ^ “ala” in Etymological Dictionary of Basque by R. L. Trask, sussex.ac.uk
Catalan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala f (plural ales)
- wing (appendage that enables flight)
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “ala” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “ala”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “ala” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “ala” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Chickasaw
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]ala (active, short verb)
- (intransitive) to arrive, to come (I)
- (intransitive) to be born (I)
- Synonym: atta
- (intransitive) to be here, to get here (I)
- (transitive) to come to, to arrive at (I;3)
Inflection
[edit]This entry needs an inflection-table template.
Derived terms
[edit]Estonian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *ala.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala (genitive ala, partitive ala)
- area, territory, region
- Sellelt alalt on leitud palju rauda. ― A lot of iron has been found in this area.
- (in working life, in sciences) field
- Ainuke ala, mis mind huvitab, on ajalugu. ― The only field which interests me is history.
- (business) branch
Declension
[edit]Declension of ala (ÕS type 17u/sõna, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | ala | alad | |
accusative | nom. | ||
gen. | ala | ||
genitive | alade | ||
partitive | ala | alu alasid | |
illative | alla alasse |
aladesse alusse | |
inessive | alas | alades alus | |
elative | alast | aladest alust | |
allative | alale | aladele alule | |
adessive | alal | aladel alul | |
ablative | alalt | aladelt alult | |
translative | alaks | aladeks aluks | |
terminative | alani | aladeni | |
essive | alana | aladena | |
abessive | alata | aladeta | |
comitative | alaga | aladega |
Further reading
[edit]- “ala”, in [PSV] Eesti keele põhisõnavara sõnastik [Dictionary of Estonian Basic Vocabulary] (in Estonian) (online version, not updated), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2014
- “ala”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
- “ala”, in [ÕS] Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018 [Estonian Spelling Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2018, →ISBN
- ala in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
Faroese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Norse ala, from Proto-Germanic *alaną (“to nourish, grow”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (“to grow”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]ala (third person singular past indicative ól, third person plural past indicative ólu, supine alið)
- (kvæði) to give birth to
- to foster
- to nourish
- to breed
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of ala (group v-58) | ||
---|---|---|
infinitive | ala | |
supine | alið | |
participle (a26)1 | alandi | alin |
present | past | |
first singular | ali | ól |
second singular | elur | ól(st) |
third singular | elur | ól |
plural | ala | ólu |
imperative | ||
singular | al! | |
plural | alið! | |
1Only the past participle being declined. |
Finnish
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *ala; see ala- for more. Already in Finnic, this stem, originally meaning "lower, under" was repurposed as a noun meaning "underside, lower side", from which the other senses have developed.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala
- area, field, domain (one's field of expertise or activity)
- field, discipline (specific branch of knowledge, learning, or practice; e.g. in work or sciences)
- industry, sector, branch (business, studies, etc.)
- (mathematics) area
- Synonym: pinta-ala
- (archaic) underside
Declension
[edit]Inflection of ala (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | ala | alat | |
genitive | alan | alojen | |
partitive | alaa | aloja | |
illative | alaan | aloihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | ala | alat | |
accusative | nom. | ala | alat |
gen. | alan | ||
genitive | alan | alojen alain rare | |
partitive | alaa | aloja | |
inessive | alassa | aloissa | |
elative | alasta | aloista | |
illative | alaan | aloihin | |
adessive | alalla | aloilla | |
ablative | alalta | aloilta | |
allative | alalle | aloille | |
essive | alana | aloina | |
translative | alaksi | aloiksi | |
abessive | alatta | aloitta | |
instructive | — | aloin | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Derived terms
[edit]- alakohtainen
- alanvaihto
- alanvalinta
- Alavieska
- ammattiala
- ampuma-ala
- atk-ala
- autoala
- elektroniikka-ala
- elintarvikeala
- elokuva-ala
- elämänala
- energia-ala
- erikoisala
- etuala
- hakkuuala
- hallinnonala
- hiusala
- hoitoala
- hoiva-ala
- hotelliala
- huoneala
- huoneistoala
- huviala
- hyötyala
- ilmailuala
- ilmanala
- informaatioala
- iskuala
- Kangasala
- kannunala
- kapanala
- kapea-alainen
- kasvatusala
- kasvuala
- kauneusala
- kauppa-ala
- kerrosala
- kiinteistöala
- kirja-ala
- kirjapainoala
- kirjastoala
- koeala
- kohdeala
- koneala
- kotitalousala
- koulutusala
- kriisiala
- kuljetusala
- kulttuuriala
- kunta-ala
- kustannusala
- kuva-ala
- kylvöala
- käsiala
- käsityöala
- käyttöala
- laaja-alainen
- lattia-ala
- lehtiala
- liikeala
- liikkuma-ala
- luonnontuoteala
- luonnonvara-ala
- luontaistuoteala
- maa-ala
- maalausala
- maatalousala
- mainosala
- majoitusala
- matalapalkka-ala
- matkailuala
- media-ala
- merenkulkuala
- metalliala
- metsäala
- mieliala
- monialainen
- monialayritys
- muotiala
- muotoiluala
- museoala
- musiikkiala
- määräala
- näköala
- näyttämöala
- oikeudenala
- oikeusala
- oktaaviala
- opetusala
- opinala
- opintoala
- osaamisala
- painoala
- painopisteala
- palveluala
- pankkiala
- panninala
- peittoala
- peliala
- peltoala
- pienialainen
- pienpalkka-ala
- pinta-ala
- pohja-ala
- puhdistuspalveluala
- puhtauspalveluala
- purjeala
- puutarha-ala
- rakennusala
- ravintola-ala
- ravitsemisala
- Saartoala
- seksiala
- siivousala
- sosiaaliala
- sovellusala
- soveltamisala
- spesiaaliala
- suppea-alainen
- sydänala
- sähköala
- sävelala
- taiteenala
- taka-ala
- talousala
- tapahtuma-ala
- teatteriala
- tekstiiliala
- teleala
- teollisuudenala
- terveydenhoitoala
- terveydenhuoltoala
- terveysala
- tiedonala
- tieteenala
- tietoliikenneala
- tietotekniikka-ala
- toimiala
- toiminta-ala
- toistoala
- tunneala
- tuotannonala
- tuotantoala
- turkisala
- turva-ala
- turvallisuusala
- tynnyrinala
- työala
- uudistusala
- vaatetusala
- vaikutusala
- vakuutusala
- vesiviljelyala
- viestintäala
- viherala
- viihdeala
- viljelyala
- viljelysala
- ydinala
- ääniala
- öljyala
Further reading
[edit]- “ala”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][12] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]ala
- inflection of alkaa:
Franco-Provençal
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala (Valdôtain, Piemontais)
- Alternative form of âla (“wing”) documented in the following location(s): Aosta, Arnad, Ayas, Aymavilles, Brusson, Challand-St-Anselme, Challand-St-Victor, Champorcher, Charvensod, Cogne, Courmayeur, Doues, Fontainemore, La Thuile, Montjovet, Morgex, Nus, Quart, St-Oyen, St-Rhémy-en-Bosses, St-Vincent, Valgrisenche, Valpelline; Giaglione
Galician
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Latin āla. Compare the inherited á.
Noun
[edit]ala f (plural alas)
Further reading
[edit]- “ala”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
Gallurese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Classical Latin āla, from earlier *axla, from axis, from Proto-Italic *aksis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱs- (“axis”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala f (plural ali)
References
[edit]Hawaiian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Polynesian *hala, from Proto-Oceanic *salan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Austronesian *zalan.
Noun
[edit]ala
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Verb
[edit]ala
Synonyms
[edit]- (rise): See Thesaurus:ala
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]Verb
[edit]ala
Etymology 4
[edit]Determiner
[edit]ala
Usage notes
[edit]kēlā and lā are more frequently used.
References
[edit]- Pukui, Mary Kawena, Elbert, Samuel H. (1986) “ala”, in Hawaiian Dictionary, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press
- ala in Combined Hawaiian Dictionary, at trussel2.com.
Hoyahoya
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala
References
[edit]- Philip Carr, Hoyahoya organised phonology data (2006)
Icelandic
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old Norse ala, from Proto-Germanic *alaną (“to nourish, grow”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (“to grow”).
Verb
[edit]ala (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative ól, third-person plural past indicative ólu, supine alið)
- to bear, give birth to [with accusative]
- to foster [with accusative]
- to feed, nourish [with accusative]
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að ala | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
alið | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
alandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég el | við ölum | present (nútíð) |
ég ali | við ölum |
þú elur | þið alið | þú alir | þið alið | ||
hann, hún, það elur | þeir, þær, þau ala | hann, hún, það ali | þeir, þær, þau ali | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég ól | við ólum | past (þátíð) |
ég æli | við ælum |
þú ólst | þið óluð | þú ælir | þið æluð | ||
hann, hún, það ól | þeir, þær, þau ólu | hann, hún, það æli | þeir, þær, þau ælu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
al (þú) | alið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
aldu | aliði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að alast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
alist | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
alandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég elst | við ölumst | present (nútíð) |
ég alist | við ölumst |
þú elst | þið alist | þú alist | þið alist | ||
hann, hún, það elst | þeir, þær, þau alast | hann, hún, það alist | þeir, þær, þau alist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég ólst | við ólumst | past (þátíð) |
ég ælist | við ælumst |
þú ólst | þið ólust | þú ælist | þið ælust | ||
hann, hún, það ólst | þeir, þær, þau ólust | hann, hún, það ælist | þeir, þær, þau ælust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
alst (þú) | alist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
alstu | alisti * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
alinn | alin | alið | aldir | aldar | alin | |
accusative (þolfall) |
alinn | alda | alið | alda | aldar | alin | |
dative (þágufall) |
öldum | alinni | öldu | öldum | öldum | öldum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
alins | alinnar | alins | alinna | alinna | alinna | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
aldi | alda | alda | öldu | öldu | öldu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
alda | öldu | alda | öldu | öldu | öldu | |
dative (þágufall) |
alda | öldu | alda | öldu | öldu | öldu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
alda | öldu | alda | öldu | öldu | öldu |
Derived terms
[edit]- ala aldur sinn (“to live one's life”)
- ala á (“to harp on”)
- ala upp
- ala önn fyrir (“to take care of someone”)
- alast
Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
[edit]ala
Igala
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Compare with Ebira àra, probably from Idoma ala, displaced native àgwùtọ̀
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]álá
Derived terms
[edit]Igbo
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- ànị̀ (Onicha)
Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Igboid *ɛ́-làCḭ. Cognate with Ekpeye ɛ́lɛ̀, Ogbah àlɪ̀, Ezaa àlɪ̀, Izi àlɪ̀, Ukwuani-Aboh-Ndoni ànɪ̀, Ika àlɪ̀.[1] Compare Proto-Yoruboid *á-lɛ̀, (Yoruba alẹ̀).
Noun
[edit]ala
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Igboid [Term?]. Cognate with Ogbah ɛ́rã́, Ezaa ɛ́rá, Izi ɛ́rá, Ukwuani-Aboh-Ndoni ɛ́lá, Ika ɛ́rã́.[1] Possibly cognate with Yoruba wàrà.
Noun
[edit]ala
References
[edit]Indonesian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈala/ [ˈa.la]
- Rhymes: -ala
- Syllabification: a‧la
Etymology 1
[edit]From French à la, perhaps through English la.
Preposition
[edit]ala
Etymology 2
[edit]Preposition
[edit]ala
Noun
[edit]ala
Etymology 3
[edit]Adjective
[edit]ala
Further reading
[edit]- “ala” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Irish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Middle Irish athlad.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala
- Only used in phrases; see Derived terms below
Derived terms
[edit]- ar ala na huaire (“on the spur of the moment; within a second”)
- gach ala (“every now and then”)
Further reading
[edit]- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ala”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Istriot
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala f
Italian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala f (plural ali or (archaic or poetic) ale)
Related terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
[edit]ala
- inflection of alare:
Jarai
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hulaR, from Proto-Austronesian *SulaR.
Noun
[edit]ala (classifier drơi)
Javanese
[edit]Romanization
[edit]ala
- Romanization of ꦲꦭ
Kapampangan
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Central Philippine *wadaq, from Proto-Philippine *wada (“to be, exist”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wada.
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]alâ
Adjective
[edit]alâ
Ladin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Contraction
[edit]ala
Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]For earlier *axla, from axis, from Proto-Italic *aksis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱs- (“axis”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈaː.la/, [ˈäːɫ̪ä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈa.la/, [ˈäːlä]
Noun
[edit]āla f (genitive ālae); first declension
- a wing (appendage of an animal's body that enables it to fly)
- (anatomy) the armpit (the upper and under part of the arm, where it unites with the shoulder)
- (of an animal) shoulder blade, axilla (the hollow where the foreleg is joined to the shoulder)
- (of a plant) the hollow where a limb joins the trunk of a tree
- (architecture) wings, side halls or porches, waiting areas, colonnades, side apartments (side rooms off the main room, the side apartments on the right and left of a court)
- (military) a wing (portion of an army, cavalry force (usually) deployed on an army's flank)
- (transferred) wings (the members of a group placed along the perimeter)
- 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.121:
- “[...] dum trepidant ālae, saltūsque indāgine cingunt, [...].”
- “[At the hunting party of Dido and Aeneas], while the beaters rush about, and encircle forest glades with net[s], [...].”
(Understood here as the beaters, mounted or on foot, who flush the prey and drive it toward the hunters.)
- “[At the hunting party of Dido and Aeneas], while the beaters rush about, and encircle forest glades with net[s], [...].”
- “[...] dum trepidant ālae, saltūsque indāgine cingunt, [...].”
Inflection
[edit]First-declension noun.
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | āla | ālae |
genitive | ālae | ālārum |
dative | ālae | ālīs |
accusative | ālam | ālās |
ablative | ālā | ālīs |
vocative | āla | ālae |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Asturian: ala
- Catalan: ala
- Dalmatian: jal
- Franco-Provençal: âla
- Friulian: ale
- Gallurese: ala
- Italian: ala
- Ligurian: âa
- Occitan: ala
- Old French: aile f
- Old Galician-Portuguese: aa
- Romansch: ala, ela
- Sardinian: aba, ala, àua
- Sassarese: ara
- Sicilian: ala
- Spanish: ala
- Venetan: ała
- → English: ala, ali-
- → Esperanto: alo
- → Galician: ala
- → Portuguese: ala
References
[edit]- ala in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ala in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ala in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- ala in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ala in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 66-7
Latvian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]The usual theory considers ala to be borrowed from Middle Low German hol (“depth, hole, cave”), from Old Saxon hol, or maybe from the same form in Middle Dutch or German Low German (East Frisian); cf. German Höhle (“cave”), all from Proto-West Germanic *hol.
A different view suggests that ala could also be a reflex of an old Proto-Indo-European stem *h₁el-, *ol-, *al- (“to flow, to drain”) with various Baltic reflexes: dialectal alots, alogs, standard avots (“(water) source”), alksna, aluksna (“miry, swampy place”) (cf. place names like Alūksne, Alūkstes), Lithuanian alė́ti (“to flow, to drip”). The original meaning of ala would thus have been “(water) source”, from which “place (e.g., cave, rift, pit) from which water springs,” and finally simply “cave,” possibly under the influence of the aforementioned Germanic words.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala f (4th declension)
- cave (space or cavity formed underground, especially between rocks, or in the face of a cliff or hillside)
- klinšu alas ― rock caves
- pazemes ala ― subterranean cave
- alu labirinti ― cave labyrinths
- alu cilvēks ― caveman
- alu zīmējumi ― cave drawings, paintings
- Abhāzijā atrodas ala, kuras labirinti ir vairāk nekā trīs kilometrus gari ― in Abkhazia there is a cave with labyrinths longer than three kilometers
- burrow, hole, lair, den (the dwelling of some animals, in the form of a cavity with one or many exits)
- peles, lapsas alas ― mice, fox holes
- āpšu, trušu alas ― badger, rabbit holes, burrows
- rakt alu ― to dig a hole, burrow
- nekā sevišķa tur neredzēja, izņemot nelielu caurumu zemē... likās tā kā kurmja ala ― there was nothing special to see there, except a small whole on the ground... it seemed to be a molehill (lit. hole)
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “ala”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca[5] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Laz
[edit]Conjunction
[edit]ala
- Latin spelling of ალა (ala)
Malagasy
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *halas, from Proto-Austronesian *Salas. Cognate with Balinese ᬳᬮᬲ᭄ (alas), Javanese ꦲꦭꦱ꧀ (alas).
Noun
[edit]ala
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Austronesian *alaq (“fetch; get; take”).
Adverb
[edit]ala
Malay
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Rhymes: -ə
Preposition
[edit]ala (Jawi spelling الا or على)
References
[edit]- "ala" in Kamus Dewan, Fourth Edition, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, →ISBN, 2005.
- “ala” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Mirandese
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala f (plural alas)
North Wahgi
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala
References
[edit]- Heather and Don Mc Lean, North Wahgi (Yu We) Organised Phonology Data (2005), p. 2
Northern Kurdish
[edit]Central Kurdish | ئاڵا (alla) |
---|
Etymology
[edit]Seemingly recently borrowed from Central Kurdish ئاڵا (alla), the origin is uncertain. Perhaps derived from al (“side”), or a reflection of Arabic علامة or Turkic al (“red”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala m (Arabic spelling ئالا)
Declension
[edit]Usage notes
[edit]Often times confused to be al instead of ala by Northern Kurdish speakers, because the word is feminine and the feminine Izafe marker is -a-.
References
[edit]- Chyet, Michael L. (2020) “ala”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume 1, London: Transnational Press, page 5
Northern Ndebele
[edit]Verb
[edit]-ála
- to refuse
Inflection
[edit]This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Northern Sami
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Samic *ëlëk.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adverb
[edit]ala
Derived terms
[edit]- alcces-, alcce-, allas- (locative stems of ieš (“self”))
Postposition
[edit]ala
Further reading
[edit]- Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages[13], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
Norwegian Nynorsk
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old Norse ala, from Proto-Germanic *alaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂életi.
Alternative forms
[edit]Verb
[edit]ala (present tense aler or el, past tense alte or ol, past participle alt or ale, present participle alande, imperative al)
- to foster
Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
[edit]ala
References
[edit]- “ala” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Occitan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala f (plural alas)
Old English
[edit]Noun
[edit]āla
Old High German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *ālu. Cognates include Old English æl and Old Norse alr.
Noun
[edit]āla f
Descendants
[edit]- German: Ahle
Old Norse
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *alaną (“to nourish, grow”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂életi, from *h₂el- (“to raise, feed, nourish”). Cognate with Old English alan and Latin alō.
Verb
[edit]ala (singular present indicative elr, singular past indicative ól, plural past indicative ólu, past participle alinn)
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | ala | |
---|---|---|
present participle | alandi | |
past participle | alinn | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | el | ól |
2nd-person singular | elr | ólt |
3rd-person singular | elr | ól |
1st-person plural | ǫlum | ólum |
2nd-person plural | alið | óluð |
3rd-person plural | ala | ólu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | ala | ǿla |
2nd-person singular | alir | ǿlir |
3rd-person singular | ali | ǿli |
1st-person plural | alim | ǿlim |
2nd-person plural | alið | ǿlið |
3rd-person plural | ali | ǿli |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | al | |
1st-person plural | ǫlum | |
2nd-person plural | alið |
infinitive | alask | |
---|---|---|
present participle | alandisk | |
past participle | alizk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | ǫlumk | ólumk |
2nd-person singular | elsk | ólzk |
3rd-person singular | elsk | ólsk |
1st-person plural | ǫlumsk | ólumsk |
2nd-person plural | alizk | óluzk |
3rd-person plural | alask | ólusk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | ǫlumk | ǿlumk |
2nd-person singular | alisk | ǿlisk |
3rd-person singular | alisk | ǿlisk |
1st-person plural | alimsk | ǿlimsk |
2nd-person plural | alizk | ǿlizk |
3rd-person plural | alisk | ǿlisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | alsk | |
1st-person plural | ǫlumsk | |
2nd-person plural | alizk |
Descendants
[edit]- Icelandic: ala
- Faroese: ala
- Norwegian Nynorsk: ala
- Norwegian Bokmål: ale
- Old Swedish: ala
- Swedish: uppala
- Old Danish: alæ
- Old Gutnish: ala
Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
[edit]ala
References
[edit]- ala in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Old Spanish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala f (plural alas)
- wing (limb)
- c. 1200, Almeric, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 67v. a.
- la p̃mera ſemeiaua leon e auie alas de aguila ueye q̃ meſauan ſus alas e cayen atierra e ſobre ſos piedes como om̃e se leuãtaua
- The first was like a lion, and it had the wings of an eagle. I saw its wings torn off and fall to the ground so that it stood on its feet like a man.
- c. 1200, Almeric, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 67v. a.
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]A contraction of a (“to, toward, in, at”) + la (“the”); the feminine singular definite article.
Contraction
[edit]ala (plural alas)
- (followed by a singular feminine noun) to the, toward the
- c. 1200, Almeric, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 2v. b.
- Loth ouo miedo de ſeer en segor esubio alas mõtãnas cõ sus .ij. fijas. estido ẽ una cueua cõ sus .ij. fijas. edixo la maior ala menor. nr̃o padre es uyeio eno nos podremos caſar. com es derecho.
- Lot was afraid to stay in Zoar, so he moved to the mountains with his two daughters. There he lived in a cave with his two daughters; then older [daughter] said to the younger: "Our father is old, and [here] we cannot marry as is the custom."
- c. 1200, Almeric, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 2v. b.
- (followed by a singular feminine noun) in the, at the
- c. 1200, Almeric, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 2v. a.
- eſtos angeles cõ q̃ fablo abraã. vinieron a ſodoma e loth ſedia ala puerta de la cibdat. e violos & leuãtos cõtra ellõ.
- These angels to whom Abraham spoke came to Sodom, and Lot was sitting in the gateway of the city. And he saw them and got up to meet them.
- c. 1200, Almeric, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 2v. a.
Related terms
[edit]Papiamentu
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- hala (alternative spelling)
Etymology
[edit]From Portuguese ala and Spanish ala.
Noun
[edit]ala
Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Latin āla.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala f
- (historical, Ancient Rome) ala (Roman allied military unit)
Declension
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- ala in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]
- Rhymes: -alɐ
- Hyphenation: a‧la
Etymology 1
[edit]Learned borrowing from Latin āla. Compare the inherited doublet á.
Noun
[edit]ala f (plural alas)
- a flank
- (chiefly politics) faction (ideologically distinct group within an organisation)
- a row among a larger group of people or things
- (military) a rank or file of soldiers
- (Brazil) a subdivision of a carnival block consisting of similarly themed participants
- (architecture) wing (part of a building that extends from the main structure)
- (chess) each player’s half of the chessboard
- (dated) wing (part of an animal)
Noun
[edit]ala m or f by sense (plural alas)
Related terms
[edit]Interjection
[edit]ala!
Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
[edit]ala
- inflection of alar:
Pukapukan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Polynesian *hala, from Proto-Oceanic *jalan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Austronesian *zalan.
Noun
[edit]ala
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]Rade
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Chamic *ʔular, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hulaʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *Sulaʀ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala
Romansch
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala f (plural alas)
Sassarese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala f (plural ali)
References
[edit]Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adverb
[edit]àla (Cyrillic spelling а̀ла)
- (used for emphasis, or as an intensifier) expression of awe, surprise, dismay, etc.
- Ala je bilo lijepo! ― It sure was nice!
- Ala lažeš! ― Oh, you're lying!
Etymology 2
[edit]Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish آلا (ala, “spotted, variegated”).
Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]ála or àla or ȁla (Cyrillic spelling а́ла or а̀ла or а̏ла) (indeclinable)
Etymology 3
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xala, unless borrowed from Ottoman Turkish آلا (ala, “spotted, variegated”), euphemistic for a snake.
Alternative forms
[edit]Noun
[edit]ála or àla or ȁla f (Cyrillic spelling а́ла or а̀ла or а̏ла)
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- Knüppel, Michael (2009) “Zu serbo-kroatisch hȁla ∼ ȁla ‘Drache’”, in Wiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch[14] (in German), volume 55, pages 179–183
Sicilian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala f (plural ali)
References
[edit]- Traina, Antonino (1868) “ala”, in Nuovo vocabolario Siciliano-Italiano [New Sicilian-Italian vocabulary] (in Italian), Liber Liber, published 2020, page 179
Southern Ndebele
[edit]Verb
[edit]-ála
- to refuse
Inflection
[edit]This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Spanish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old Spanish ala (compare Ladino ala), from Latin āla.
Noun
[edit]ala f (plural alas)
- wing (of a bird or insect)
- El pájaro tiene un ala herida. ― The bird has an injured wing.
- wing (of an aircraft)
- El avión perdió un ala durante el vuelo. ― The plane lost a wing during the flight.
- brim (of a hat)
- (military) flank (of a formation)
- (sports) wing (part of the field)
- (in the plural) flip, wings (hairstyle)
Noun
[edit]ala m or f by sense (plural alas)
Usage notes
[edit]- Feminine nouns beginning with stressed /ˈa/ like ala take the singular definite article el (otherwise reserved for masculine nouns) instead of the usual la: el ala. This includes the contracted forms al and del (instead of a la and de la, respectively): al ala, del ala.
- These nouns also usually take the indefinite article un that is otherwise used with masculine nouns (although the standard feminine form una is also permitted): un ala or una ala. The same is true with determiners algún/alguna and ningún/ninguna, as well as for numerals ending with 1 (e.g., veintiún/veintiuna).
- However, if another word intervenes between the article and the noun, the usual feminine singular articles and determiners (la, una etc.) must be used: la mejor ala, una buena ala.
- If an adjective follows the noun, it must agree with the noun's gender regardless of the article used: el ala única, un(a) ala buena.
- In the plural, the usual feminine singular articles and determiners (las, unas etc.) are always used.
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Interjection
[edit]ala
- Alternative spelling of hala
Further reading
[edit]- “ala”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28
Sranan Tongo
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ala
Determiner
[edit]ala
Swahili
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Arabic آلَة (ʔāla).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ala (n class, plural ala)
- tool, instrument
- Synonym: kifaa
- sheath, scabbard
References
[edit]- ^ Baldi, Sergio (2020 November 30) Dictionary of Arabic Loanwords in the Languages of Central and East Africa (Handbuch der Orientalistik; Erste Abteilung: Der Nahe und der Mittlere Osten; 145), Leiden • Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 20 No. 133
Swazi
[edit]Verb
[edit]-ála
- to refuse
Inflection
[edit]This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Tagalog
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Interjection
[edit]alá (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜎ) (dialectal)
- expressing negation or disapproval, or sometimes agreement, depending on the tenor of expression
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Borrowed from Spanish ala, from Latin āla.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈʔala/ [ˈʔaː.lɐ]
- Rhymes: -ala
- Syllabification: a‧la
Noun
[edit]ala (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜎ)
See also
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ʔaˈlaʔ/ [ʔɐˈlaʔ]
- Rhymes: -aʔ
- Syllabification: a‧la
Pronoun
[edit]alâ (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜎ)
- Alternative form of wala
Adjective
[edit]alâ (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜎ)
- Alternative form of wala
Etymology 4
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adverb
[edit]alá (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜎ)
Related terms
[edit]Tokelauan
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Polynesian *hala. Cognates include Hawaiian ala and Samoan ala.
Noun
[edit]ala
Verb
[edit]ala
- (transitive) to result from
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Polynesian *qara. Cognates include Hawaiian ala and Samoan ala.
Verb
[edit]ala (plural feala)
- (stative) to be awake
- (stative) to be accurate
- (stative) to be sharp
- (stative, of watercraft) to be close to the wind
References
[edit]- R. Simona, editor (1986), Tokelau Dictionary[15], Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page 11
Turkish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Ottoman Turkish آلا (ala), from Proto-Turkic *āla (“variegated”).[1] Doublet of ela.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]ala
- multicolored, pied, variegated
- excellent, superb, splendid
- Clipping of alabalık (“trout”).
Declension
[edit]present tense | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
positive, declarative |
positive, interrogative |
negative, declarative |
negative, interrogative | |
ben (I am) | alayım | ala mıyım? | ala değilim | ala değil miyim? |
sen (you are) | alasın | ala mısın? | ala değilsin | ala değil misin? |
o (he/she/it is) | ala / aladır | ala mı? | ala değil | ala değil mi? |
biz (we are) | alayız | ala mıyız? | ala değiliz | ala değil miyiz? |
siz (you are) | alasınız | ala mısınız? | ala değilsiniz | ala değil misiniz? |
onlar (they are) | ala(lar) | ala(lar) mı? | ala değil(ler) | ala değiller mi? |
past tense | ||||
positive, declarative |
positive, interrogative |
negative, declarative |
negative, interrogative | |
ben (I was) | alaydım | ala mıydım? | ala değildim | ala değil miydim? |
sen (you were) | alaydın | ala mıydın? | ala değildin | ala değil miydin? |
o (he/she/it was) | alaydı | ala mıydı? | ala değildi | ala değil miydi? |
biz (we were) | alaydık | ala mıydık? | ala değildik | ala değil miydik? |
siz (you were) | alaydınız | ala mıydınız? | ala değildiniz | ala değil miydiniz? |
onlar (they were) | alaydılar | ala mıydılar? | ala değildi(ler) / değillerdi | ala değil miydiler? |
indirect past | ||||
positive, declarative |
positive, interrogative |
negative, declarative |
negative, interrogative | |
ben (I was) | alaymışım | ala mıymışım? | ala değilmişim | ala değil miymişim? |
sen (you were) | alaymışsın | ala mıymışsın? | ala değilmişsin | ala değil miymişsin? |
o (he/she/it was) | alaymış | ala mıymış? | ala değilmiş | ala değil miymiş? |
biz (we were) | alaymışız | ala mıymışız? | ala değilmişiz | ala değil miymişiz? |
siz (you were) | alaymışsınız | ala mıymışsınız? | ala değilmişsiniz | ala değil miymişsiniz? |
onlar (they were) | alaymışlar | ala mıymışlar? | ala değilmiş(ler) / değillermiş | ala değil miymişler? |
conditional | ||||
positive, declarative |
positive, interrogative |
negative, declarative |
negative, interrogative | |
ben (if I) | alaysam | ala mıysam? | ala değilsem | ala değil miysem? |
sen (if you) | alaysan | ala mıysan? | ala değilsen | ala değil miysen? |
o (if he/she/it) | alaysa | ala mıysa? | ala değilse | ala değil miyse? |
biz (if we) | alaysak | ala mıysak? | ala değilsek | ala değil miysek? |
siz (if you) | alaysanız | ala mıysanız? | ala değilseniz | ala değil miyseniz? |
onlar (if they) | alaysalar | ala mıysalar? | ala değilseler / değillerse | ala değil miyseler? |
Derived terms
[edit]- alabalık (“trout”)
- alaca (“pied”)
- alaca karanlık (“dusk, twilight”)
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*āla”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)[6], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “آلا”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[16], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 179
Uneapa
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From earlier *lala via dissimilation (compare Muduapa lala), from Proto-Oceanic *kilala via truncation, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kilala, from Proto-Austronesian *kilala.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]ala
- to know
Further reading
[edit]- Terry Crowley et al, The Oceanic Languages (2013), page 366
Veps
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Verb
[edit]ala
Xhosa
[edit]Verb
[edit]-âla
- to refuse
Inflection
[edit]This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Yámana
[edit]Verb
[edit]ala
Yoruba
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]àlà
Etymology 2
[edit]From à- (“nominalizing prefix”) + lá (“to dream”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]àlá
Derived terms
[edit]Zulu
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
[edit]-âla
Inflection
[edit]Tone HH | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ukwala | ||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
Infinitive | ukwala | ukungali | |||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
Singular | yala | -ale | |||||||
Plural | yalani | -aleni | |||||||
Present | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyala, ngala | engalayo, engala | ngala | angali | engingali | ngingali | |||
2nd singular | uyala, wala | owalayo, owala | wala | awali | ongali | ungali | |||
1st plural | siyala, sala | esalayo, esala | sala | asali | esingali | singali | |||
2nd plural | niyala, nala | enalayo, enala | nala | anali | eningali | ningali | |||
Class 1 | uyala, wala | owalayo, owala | ala | akali | ongali | engali | |||
Class 2 | bayala, bala | abalayo, abala | bala | abali | abangali | bengali | |||
Class 3 | uyala, wala | owalayo, owala | wala | awali | ongali | ungali | |||
Class 4 | iyala, yala | eyalayo, eyala | yala | ayali | engali | ingali | |||
Class 5 | liyala, lala | elalayo, elala | lala | alali | elingali | lingali | |||
Class 6 | ayala, ala | alayo, ala | ala | awali | angali | engali | |||
Class 7 | siyala, sala | esalayo, esala | sala | asali | esingali | singali | |||
Class 8 | ziyala, zala | ezalayo, ezala | zala | azali | ezingali | zingali | |||
Class 9 | iyala, yala | eyalayo, eyala | yala | ayali | engali | ingali | |||
Class 10 | ziyala, zala | ezalayo, ezala | zala | azali | ezingali | zingali | |||
Class 11 | luyala, lwala | olwalayo, olwala | lwala | alwali | olungali | lungali | |||
Class 14 | buyala, bala | obalayo, obala | bala | abali | obungali | bungali | |||
Class 15 | kuyala, kwala | okwalayo, okwala | kwala | akwali | okungali | kungali | |||
Class 17 | kuyala, kwala | okwalayo, okwala | kwala | akwali | okungali | kungali | |||
Recent past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngalile, ngalē | engalile, engalē | ngalile, ngalē | angalanga | engingalanga | ngingalanga | |||
2nd singular | walile, walē | owalile, owalē | walile, walē | awalanga | ongalanga | ungalanga | |||
1st plural | salile, salē | esalile, esalē | salile, salē | asalanga | esingalanga | singalanga | |||
2nd plural | nalile, nalē | enalile, enalē | nalile, nalē | analanga | eningalanga | ningalanga | |||
Class 1 | walile, walē | owalile, owalē | alile, alē | akalanga | ongalanga | engalanga | |||
Class 2 | balile, balē | abalile, abalē | balile, balē | abalanga | abangalanga | bengalanga | |||
Class 3 | walile, walē | owalile, owalē | walile, walē | awalanga | ongalanga | ungalanga | |||
Class 4 | yalile, yalē | eyalile, eyalē | yalile, yalē | ayalanga | engalanga | ingalanga | |||
Class 5 | lalile, lalē | elalile, elalē | lalile, lalē | alalanga | elingalanga | lingalanga | |||
Class 6 | alile, alē | alile, alē | alile, alē | awalanga | angalanga | engalanga | |||
Class 7 | salile, salē | esalile, esalē | salile, salē | asalanga | esingalanga | singalanga | |||
Class 8 | zalile, zalē | ezalile, ezalē | zalile, zalē | azalanga | ezingalanga | zingalanga | |||
Class 9 | yalile, yalē | eyalile, eyalē | yalile, yalē | ayalanga | engalanga | ingalanga | |||
Class 10 | zalile, zalē | ezalile, ezalē | zalile, zalē | azalanga | ezingalanga | zingalanga | |||
Class 11 | lwalile, lwalē | olwalile, olwalē | lwalile, lwalē | alwalanga | olungalanga | lungalanga | |||
Class 14 | balile, balē | obalile, obalē | balile, balē | abalanga | obungalanga | bungalanga | |||
Class 15 | kwalile, kwalē | okwalile, okwalē | kwalile, kwalē | akwalanga | okungalanga | kungalanga | |||
Class 17 | kwalile, kwalē | okwalile, okwalē | kwalile, kwalē | akwalanga | okungalanga | kungalanga | |||
Remote past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngāla | engāla | ngāla | angalanga | engingalanga | ngingalanga | |||
2nd singular | wāla | owāla | wāla | awalanga | ongalanga | ungalanga | |||
1st plural | sāla | esāla | sāla | asalanga | esingalanga | singalanga | |||
2nd plural | nāla | enāla | nāla | analanga | eningalanga | ningalanga | |||
Class 1 | wāla | owāla | āla | akalanga | ongalanga | engalanga | |||
Class 2 | bāla | abāla | bāla | abalanga | abangalanga | bengalanga | |||
Class 3 | wāla | owāla | wāla | awalanga | ongalanga | ungalanga | |||
Class 4 | yāla | eyāla | yāla | ayalanga | engalanga | ingalanga | |||
Class 5 | lāla | elāla | lāla | alalanga | elingalanga | lingalanga | |||
Class 6 | āla | āla | āla | awalanga | angalanga | engalanga | |||
Class 7 | sāla | esāla | sāla | asalanga | esingalanga | singalanga | |||
Class 8 | zāla | ezāla | zāla | azalanga | ezingalanga | zingalanga | |||
Class 9 | yāla | eyāla | yāla | ayalanga | engalanga | ingalanga | |||
Class 10 | zāla | ezāla | zāla | azalanga | ezingalanga | zingalanga | |||
Class 11 | lwāla | olwāla | lwāla | alwalanga | olungalanga | lungalanga | |||
Class 14 | bāla | obāla | bāla | abalanga | obungalanga | bungalanga | |||
Class 15 | kwāla | okwāla | kwāla | akwalanga | okungalanga | kungalanga | |||
Class 17 | kwāla | okwāla | kwāla | akwalanga | okungalanga | kungalanga | |||
Potential | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingala | — | ngingala | ngingale | — | ngingale | |||
2nd singular | ungala | — | ungala | ungale | — | ungale | |||
1st plural | singala | — | singala | singale | — | singale | |||
2nd plural | ningala | — | ningala | ningale | — | ningale | |||
Class 1 | angala | — | engala | angale | — | engale | |||
Class 2 | bangala | — | bengala | bangale | — | bengale | |||
Class 3 | ungala | — | ungala | ungale | — | ungale | |||
Class 4 | ingala | — | ingala | ingale | — | ingale | |||
Class 5 | lingala | — | lingala | lingale | — | lingale | |||
Class 6 | angala | — | engala | angale | — | engale | |||
Class 7 | singala | — | singala | singale | — | singale | |||
Class 8 | zingala | — | zingala | zingale | — | zingale | |||
Class 9 | ingala | — | ingala | ingale | — | ingale | |||
Class 10 | zingala | — | zingala | zingale | — | zingale | |||
Class 11 | lungala | — | lungala | lungale | — | lungale | |||
Class 14 | bungala | — | bungala | bungale | — | bungale | |||
Class 15 | kungala | — | kungala | kungale | — | kungale | |||
Class 17 | kungala | — | kungala | kungale | — | kungale | |||
Immediate future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngizokwala | engizokwala | ngizokwala | angizukwala | engingezukwala | ngingezukwala | |||
2nd singular | uzokwala | ozokwala | uzokwala | awuzukwala | ongezukwala | ungezukwala | |||
1st plural | sizokwala | esizokwala | sizokwala | asizukwala | esingezukwala | singezukwala | |||
2nd plural | nizokwala | enizokwala | nizokwala | anizukwala | eningezukwala | ningezukwala | |||
Class 1 | uzokwala | ozokwala | ezokwala | akazukwala | ongezukwala | engezukwala | |||
Class 2 | bazokwala | abazokwala | bezokwala | abazukwala | abangezukwala | bengezukwala | |||
Class 3 | uzokwala | ozokwala | uzokwala | awuzukwala | ongezukwala | ungezukwala | |||
Class 4 | izokwala | ezokwala | izokwala | ayizukwala | engezukwala | ingezukwala | |||
Class 5 | lizokwala | elizokwala | lizokwala | alizukwala | elingezukwala | lingezukwala | |||
Class 6 | azokwala | azokwala | ezokwala | awazukwala | angezukwala | engezukwala | |||
Class 7 | sizokwala | esizokwala | sizokwala | asizukwala | esingezukwala | singezukwala | |||
Class 8 | zizokwala | ezizokwala | zizokwala | azizukwala | ezingezukwala | zingezukwala | |||
Class 9 | izokwala | ezokwala | izokwala | ayizukwala | engezukwala | ingezukwala | |||
Class 10 | zizokwala | ezizokwala | zizokwala | azizukwala | ezingezukwala | zingezukwala | |||
Class 11 | luzokwala | oluzokwala | luzokwala | aluzukwala | olungezukwala | lungezukwala | |||
Class 14 | buzokwala | obuzokwala | buzokwala | abuzukwala | obungezukwala | bungezukwala | |||
Class 15 | kuzokwala | okuzokwala | kuzokwala | akuzukwala | okungezukwala | kungezukwala | |||
Class 17 | kuzokwala | okuzokwala | kuzokwala | akuzukwala | okungezukwala | kungezukwala | |||
Remote future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyokwala | engiyokwala | ngiyokwala | angiyukwala | engingeyukwala | ngingeyukwala | |||
2nd singular | uyokwala | oyokwala | uyokwala | awuyukwala | ongeyukwala | ungeyukwala | |||
1st plural | siyokwala | esiyokwala | siyokwala | asiyukwala | esingeyukwala | singeyukwala | |||
2nd plural | niyokwala | eniyokwala | niyokwala | aniyukwala | eningeyukwala | ningeyukwala | |||
Class 1 | uyokwala | oyokwala | eyokwala | akayukwala | ongeyukwala | engeyukwala | |||
Class 2 | bayokwala | abayokwala | beyokwala | abayukwala | abangeyukwala | bengeyukwala | |||
Class 3 | uyokwala | oyokwala | uyokwala | awuyukwala | ongeyukwala | ungeyukwala | |||
Class 4 | iyokwala | eyokwala | iyokwala | ayiyukwala | engeyukwala | ingeyukwala | |||
Class 5 | liyokwala | eliyokwala | liyokwala | aliyukwala | elingeyukwala | lingeyukwala | |||
Class 6 | ayokwala | ayokwala | eyokwala | awayukwala | angeyukwala | engeyukwala | |||
Class 7 | siyokwala | esiyokwala | siyokwala | asiyukwala | esingeyukwala | singeyukwala | |||
Class 8 | ziyokwala | eziyokwala | ziyokwala | aziyukwala | ezingeyukwala | zingeyukwala | |||
Class 9 | iyokwala | eyokwala | iyokwala | ayiyukwala | engeyukwala | ingeyukwala | |||
Class 10 | ziyokwala | eziyokwala | ziyokwala | aziyukwala | ezingeyukwala | zingeyukwala | |||
Class 11 | luyokwala | oluyokwala | luyokwala | aluyukwala | olungeyukwala | lungeyukwala | |||
Class 14 | buyokwala | obuyokwala | buyokwala | abuyukwala | obungeyukwala | bungeyukwala | |||
Class 15 | kuyokwala | okuyokwala | kuyokwala | akuyukwala | okungeyukwala | kungeyukwala | |||
Class 17 | kuyokwala | okuyokwala | kuyokwala | akuyukwala | okungeyukwala | kungeyukwala | |||
Present subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngale | ngingali | |||||||
2nd singular | wale | ungali | |||||||
1st plural | sale | singali | |||||||
2nd plural | nale | ningali | |||||||
Class 1 | ale | angali | |||||||
Class 2 | bale | bangali | |||||||
Class 3 | wale | ungali | |||||||
Class 4 | yale | ingali | |||||||
Class 5 | lale | lingali | |||||||
Class 6 | ale | angali | |||||||
Class 7 | sale | singali | |||||||
Class 8 | zale | zingali | |||||||
Class 9 | yale | ingali | |||||||
Class 10 | zale | zingali | |||||||
Class 11 | lwale | lungali | |||||||
Class 14 | bale | bungali | |||||||
Class 15 | kwale | kungali | |||||||
Class 17 | kwale | kungali | |||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngala | ngangala, angala, angangala | |||||||
2nd singular | wala | wangala, awala, awangala | |||||||
1st plural | sala | sangala, asala, asangala | |||||||
2nd plural | nala | nangala, anala, anangala | |||||||
Class 1 | wala | wangala, akala, akangala | |||||||
Class 2 | bala | bangala, abala, abangala | |||||||
Class 3 | wala | wangala, awala, awangala | |||||||
Class 4 | yala | yangala, ayala, ayangala | |||||||
Class 5 | lala | langala, alala, alangala | |||||||
Class 6 | ala | angala, awala, awangala | |||||||
Class 7 | sala | sangala, asala, asangala | |||||||
Class 8 | zala | zangala, azala, azangala | |||||||
Class 9 | yala | yangala, ayala, ayangala | |||||||
Class 10 | zala | zangala, azala, azangala | |||||||
Class 11 | lwala | lwangala, alwala, alwangala | |||||||
Class 14 | bala | bangala, abala, abangala | |||||||
Class 15 | kwala | kwangala, akwala, akwangala | |||||||
Class 17 | kwala | kwangala, akwala, akwangala |
Derived terms
[edit]- -alela (applicative)
- -alisa (causative)
- -alayala (diminutive)
- -alisisa (intensive)
- -aleka (neuter-passive)
- -aliwa (passive)
- -alana (reciprocal)
References
[edit]- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “ala”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “ala”
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- Igbo terms inherited from Proto-Igboid
- Igbo terms derived from Proto-Igboid
- Igbo lemmas
- Igbo nouns
- Igbo palindromes
- ig:Anatomy
- Indonesian 2-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Indonesian/ala
- Rhymes:Indonesian/ala/2 syllables
- Indonesian terms derived from French
- Indonesian terms borrowed from English
- Indonesian terms derived from English
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian prepositions
- Indonesian palindromes
- Indonesian colloquialisms
- Indonesian terms derived from Arabic
- Indonesian nouns
- id:Law
- Indonesian adjectives
- Indonesian terms with obsolete senses
- Irish terms inherited from Middle Irish
- Irish terms derived from Middle Irish
- Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Irish lemmas
- Irish nouns
- Irish palindromes
- Istriot terms inherited from Latin
- Istriot terms derived from Latin
- Istriot lemmas
- Istriot nouns
- Istriot palindromes
- Istriot feminine nouns
- Italian 2-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Italian/ala
- Rhymes:Italian/ala/2 syllables
- Italian terms inherited from Latin
- Italian terms derived from Latin
- Italian lemmas
- Italian nouns
- Italian countable nouns
- Italian nouns with multiple plurals
- Italian palindromes
- Italian feminine nouns
- Italian non-lemma forms
- Italian verb forms
- Jarai terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Jarai terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Jarai terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Jarai terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Jarai lemmas
- Jarai nouns
- Jarai palindromes
- Jarai nouns classified by drơi
- jra:Snakes
- Javanese non-lemma forms
- Javanese romanizations
- Javanese palindromes
- Kapampangan terms inherited from Proto-Philippine
- Kapampangan terms derived from Proto-Philippine
- Kapampangan terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Kapampangan terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Kapampangan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Kapampangan lemmas
- Kapampangan pronouns
- Kapampangan palindromes
- Kapampangan adjectives
- Kapampangan euphemisms
- Ladin compound terms
- Ladin non-lemma forms
- Ladin contractions
- Ladin palindromes
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eḱs-
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin first declension nouns
- Latin feminine nouns in the first declension
- Latin palindromes
- Latin feminine nouns
- la:Anatomy
- la:Architecture
- la:Military
- Latin terms with quotations
- Latvian terms borrowed from Middle Low German
- Latvian terms derived from Middle Low German
- Latvian terms derived from Old Saxon
- Latvian terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Latvian terms derived from German Low German
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latvian terms with audio pronunciation
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian nouns
- Latvian palindromes
- Latvian feminine nouns
- Latvian terms with usage examples
- Latvian fourth declension nouns
- lv:Caving
- Laz lemmas
- Laz conjunctions
- Laz palindromes
- Laz terms in Latin script
- Malagasy terms with IPA pronunciation
- Malagasy terms with audio pronunciation
- Malagasy terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Malagasy terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Malagasy terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Malagasy terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Malagasy lemmas
- Malagasy nouns
- Malagasy palindromes
- Malagasy adverbs
- Rhymes:Malay/ə
- Rhymes:Malay/ə/2 syllables
- Malay lemmas
- Malay prepositions
- Malay palindromes
- Mirandese lemmas
- Mirandese nouns
- Mirandese palindromes
- Mirandese feminine nouns
- mwl:Nautical
- North Wahgi lemmas
- North Wahgi nouns
- North Wahgi palindromes
- Northern Kurdish terms borrowed from Central Kurdish
- Northern Kurdish terms derived from Central Kurdish
- Northern Kurdish 2-syllable words
- Northern Kurdish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Northern Kurdish lemmas
- Northern Kurdish nouns
- Northern Kurdish palindromes
- Northern Kurdish masculine nouns
- Northern Ndebele lemmas
- Northern Ndebele verbs
- Northern Ndebele palindromes
- Northern Sami terms inherited from Proto-Samic
- Northern Sami terms derived from Proto-Samic
- Northern Sami terms with IPA pronunciation
- Northern Sami 2-syllable words
- Northern Sami lemmas
- Northern Sami adverbs
- Northern Sami palindromes
- Northern Sami postpositions
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk verbs
- Norwegian Nynorsk weak verbs
- Norwegian Nynorsk strong verbs
- Norwegian Nynorsk class 6 strong verbs
- Norwegian Nynorsk palindromes
- Norwegian Nynorsk non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk noun forms
- Occitan terms derived from Latin
- Occitan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Occitan terms with audio pronunciation
- Occitan lemmas
- Occitan nouns
- Occitan palindromes
- Occitan feminine nouns
- Occitan countable nouns
- Old English non-lemma forms
- Old English noun forms
- Old English palindromes
- Old High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old High German lemmas
- Old High German nouns
- Old High German palindromes
- Old High German feminine nouns
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Norse terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Norse lemmas
- Old Norse verbs
- Old Norse palindromes
- Old Norse class 6 strong verbs
- Old Norse non-lemma forms
- Old Norse noun forms
- Old Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Spanish terms inherited from Latin
- Old Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Old Spanish lemmas
- Old Spanish nouns
- Old Spanish palindromes
- Old Spanish feminine nouns
- Old Spanish terms with quotations
- Old Spanish non-lemma forms
- Old Spanish contractions
- osp:Anatomy
- Papiamentu terms derived from Portuguese
- Papiamentu terms derived from Spanish
- Papiamentu lemmas
- Papiamentu nouns
- Papiamentu palindromes
- Polish terms borrowed from Latin
- Polish learned borrowings from Latin
- Polish terms derived from Latin
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/ala
- Rhymes:Polish/ala/2 syllables
- Polish terms with homophones
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish palindromes
- Polish feminine nouns
- Polish terms with historical senses
- pl:Ancient Rome
- pl:Military units
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Portuguese/alɐ
- Rhymes:Portuguese/alɐ/2 syllables
- Portuguese terms borrowed from Latin
- Portuguese learned borrowings from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese doublets
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese palindromes
- Portuguese feminine nouns
- pt:Military
- pt:Sports
- pt:Politics
- Brazilian Portuguese
- pt:Architecture
- pt:Chess
- Portuguese dated terms
- Portuguese nouns with irregular gender
- Portuguese masculine nouns
- Portuguese nouns with multiple genders
- Portuguese masculine and feminine nouns by sense
- pt:Aviation
- Portuguese interjections
- Portuguese non-lemma forms
- Portuguese verb forms
- Pukapukan terms inherited from Proto-Polynesian
- Pukapukan terms derived from Proto-Polynesian
- Pukapukan terms inherited from Proto-Oceanic
- Pukapukan terms derived from Proto-Oceanic
- Pukapukan terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Pukapukan terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Pukapukan terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Pukapukan terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Pukapukan lemmas
- Pukapukan nouns
- Pukapukan palindromes
- Rade terms inherited from Proto-Chamic
- Rade terms derived from Proto-Chamic
- Rade terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Rade terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Rade terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Rade terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Rade terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rade lemmas
- Rade nouns
- Rade palindromes
- rad:Snakes
- Romansch terms inherited from Latin
- Romansch terms derived from Latin
- Romansch lemmas
- Romansch nouns
- Romansch palindromes
- Romansch feminine nouns
- Rumantsch Grischun
- Sursilvan Romansch
- Sutsilvan Romansch
- Surmiran Romansch
- Vallader Romansch
- rm:Anatomy
- Sassarese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sassarese lemmas
- Sassarese nouns
- Sassarese palindromes
- Sassarese feminine nouns
- Sassarese dialectal terms
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian adverbs
- Serbo-Croatian palindromes
- Serbo-Croatian terms with usage examples
- Serbo-Croatian terms borrowed from Ottoman Turkish
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Ottoman Turkish
- Serbo-Croatian adjectives
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian feminine nouns
- sh:Mythological creatures
- Sicilian terms inherited from Latin
- Sicilian terms derived from Latin
- Sicilian lemmas
- Sicilian nouns
- Sicilian palindromes
- Sicilian feminine nouns
- Southern Ndebele lemmas
- Southern Ndebele verbs
- Southern Ndebele palindromes
- Spanish 2-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/ala
- Rhymes:Spanish/ala/2 syllables
- Spanish terms with homophones
- Spanish terms inherited from Old Spanish
- Spanish terms derived from Old Spanish
- Spanish terms inherited from Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish palindromes
- Spanish feminine nouns
- Spanish terms with usage examples
- es:Military
- es:Sports
- Spanish nouns with irregular gender
- Spanish masculine nouns
- Spanish nouns with multiple genders
- Spanish masculine and feminine nouns by sense
- Spanish interjections
- es:Anatomy
- es:Animal body parts
- Sranan Tongo terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sranan Tongo lemmas
- Sranan Tongo pronouns
- Sranan Tongo palindromes
- Sranan Tongo determiners
- Swahili terms borrowed from Arabic
- Swahili terms derived from Arabic
- Swahili terms derived from the Arabic root ء و ل
- Swahili terms with audio pronunciation
- Swahili lemmas
- Swahili nouns
- Swahili palindromes
- Swahili n class nouns
- Swazi lemmas
- Swazi verbs
- Swazi palindromes
- Tagalog 2-syllable words
- Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Tagalog/a
- Rhymes:Tagalog/a/2 syllables
- Tagalog terms with homophones
- Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation
- Tagalog lemmas
- Tagalog interjections
- Tagalog terms with Baybayin script
- Tagalog palindromes
- Tagalog dialectal terms
- Tagalog terms borrowed from Spanish
- Tagalog terms derived from Spanish
- Tagalog terms derived from Latin
- Rhymes:Tagalog/ala
- Rhymes:Tagalog/ala/2 syllables
- Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation
- Tagalog nouns
- Tagalog terms with uncommon senses
- tl:Architecture
- Rhymes:Tagalog/aʔ
- Rhymes:Tagalog/aʔ/2 syllables
- Tagalog terms with maragsa pronunciation
- Tagalog pronouns
- Tagalog adjectives
- Tagalog adverbs
- Tokelauan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Tokelauan terms derived from Proto-Oceanic
- Tokelauan terms inherited from Proto-Oceanic
- Tokelauan terms derived from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian
- Tokelauan terms inherited from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian
- Tokelauan terms derived from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian
- Tokelauan terms inherited from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian
- Tokelauan terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Tokelauan terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Tokelauan terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Tokelauan terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Tokelauan terms inherited from Proto-Polynesian
- Tokelauan terms derived from Proto-Polynesian
- Tokelauan lemmas
- Tokelauan nouns
- Tokelauan palindromes
- Tokelauan euphemisms
- Tokelauan verbs
- Tokelauan transitive verbs
- Tokelauan stative verbs
- Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Turkish terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Turkish doublets
- Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Turkish terms with audio pronunciation
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish adjectives
- Turkish palindromes
- Turkish clippings
- Uneapa terms inherited from Proto-Oceanic
- Uneapa terms derived from Proto-Oceanic
- Uneapa terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Uneapa terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Uneapa terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Uneapa terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Uneapa terms with IPA pronunciation
- Uneapa lemmas
- Uneapa verbs
- Uneapa palindromes
- Veps non-lemma forms
- Veps verb forms
- Veps palindromes
- Xhosa lemmas
- Xhosa verbs
- Xhosa palindromes
- Yámana lemmas
- Yámana verbs
- Yámana palindromes
- Yoruba terms with IPA pronunciation
- Yoruba lemmas
- Yoruba nouns
- Yoruba palindromes
- Yoruba terms prefixed with a- (nominalizing prefix)
- Zulu lemmas
- Zulu verbs
- Zulu palindromes
- Zulu verbs with tone HH