Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-is

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Suffix

*(ó)-is f^[1]

Forms nouns from verbs.

Inflection

Athematic, acrostatic
	singular
nominative	*(ó)-is
genitive	*(é)-is
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*(ó)-is	*(ó)-ih₁(e)	*(ó)-eyes
vocative	*(ó)-i	*(ó)-ih₁(e)	*(ó)-eyes
accusative	*(ó)-im	*(ó)-ih₁(e)	*(ó)-ims
genitive	*(é)-is	*?	*(é)-yoHom
ablative	*(é)-is	*?	(é)-imos, (é)-ibʰos
dative	*(é)-yey	*?	(é)-imos, (é)-ibʰos
locative	*(é)-i	*?	*(é)-isu
instrumental	*(é)-ih₁	*?	(é)-imis, (é)-ibʰis

Athematic, proterokinetic
	singular
nominative	*(ó)-is
genitive	*(Ø)-éys
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*(ó)-is	*(ó)-ih₁(e)	*(ó)-eyes
vocative	*(ó)-i	*(ó)-ih₁(e)	*(ó)-eyes
accusative	*(ó)-im	*(ó)-ih₁(e)	*(ó)-ims
genitive	*(Ø)-éys	*?	*(Ø)-éyoHom
ablative	*(Ø)-éys	*?	(Ø)-ímos, (Ø)-íbʰos
dative	*(Ø)-éyey	*?	(Ø)-ímos, (Ø)-íbʰos
locative	(Ø)-éy, (Ø)-ḗy	*?	*(Ø)-ísu
instrumental	*(Ø)-íh₁	*?	(Ø)-ímis, (Ø)-íbʰis

Derived terms

Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-is

Descendants

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *-is
- Lithuanian: -is
- Old Prussian: -is
- Proto-Slavic: *-ь
Proto-Germanic: *-iz
Proto-Italic: *-is
- Latin: -is
Proto-Hellenic: *-is
- Ancient Greek: -ις (-is) (possibly; Furnée and Beekes consider it Pre-Greek)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-iš
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *-iṣ
  - Sanskrit: -इ (-i) (nom. sg. इः (iḥ))
- Proto-Iranian: *-iš
  - Avestan: -𐬌 (-i) (nom. sg. -𐬌𐬱 (-iš))

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2011) Comparative Indo-European Linguistics: An Introduction, 2nd edition, revised and corrected by Michiel de Vaan, Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, pages 198, 202

[1] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2011) Comparative Indo-European Linguistics: An Introduction, 2nd edition, revised and corrected by Michiel de Vaan, Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, pages 198, 202

[1]