Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/arniz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

• *arnjaz

From a Proto-Indo-European *Her-, with original sense and exact identity of the laryngeal *H- uncertain, though Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬎 (ar^ənu, “battle”) appears to be a semantically appealing cognate.^[1] The identity of the Indo-European root, including specified laryngeal, may be *h₃er- (“to move, stir; to rise, spring”), based on cognates that Orel adduces, such as Sanskrit अर्ण (árṇa, “(undulating, surging) water”), Ancient Greek ὄρνῡμῐ (órnūmi, “to set into motion”).^[2] However, the e-coloring of *ernustuz would then be irregular and only explainable as a back-formation. The root for “to battle” has alternatively been reconstructed as *h₁er-, which is a better phonetic match but suffers the same semantic issues.

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑrn.jɑz/

*arniz^[1]

1. serious
2. capable, diligent

• *ernustuz

• Old Norse: ern (“brisk, vigorous”)
  • Icelandic: ern (“idem”)
• Gothic: *𐌰𐍂𐌽𐍃 (*arns)
  • Gothic: 𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐌱𐌰 (arniba, “certainly, securely”)