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A knowledge-driven GIS modeling technique for groundwater potential mapping at the Upper Langat Basin, Malaysia

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Abstract

The aim of this paper is to use a knowledge-driven expert-based geographical information system (GIS) model coupling with remote-sensing-derived parameters for groundwater potential mapping in an area of the Upper Langat Basin, Malaysia. In this study, nine groundwater storage controlling parameters that affect groundwater occurrences are derived from remotely sensed imagery, available maps, and associated databases. Those parameters are: lithology, slope, lineament, land use, soil, rainfall, drainage density, elevation, and geomorphology. Then the parameter layers were integrated and modeled using a knowledge-driven GIS of weighted linear combination. The weightage and score for each parameter and their classes are based on the Malaysian groundwater expert opinion survey. The predicted groundwater potential map was classified into four distinct zones based on the classification scheme designed by Department of Minerals and Geoscience Malaysia (JMG). The results showed that about 17% of the study area falls under low-potential zone, with 66% on moderate-potential zone, 15% with high-potential zone, and only 0.45% falls under very-high-potential zone. The results obtained in this study were validated with the groundwater borehole wells data compiled by the JMG and showed 76% of prediction accuracy. In addition statistical analysis indicated that hard rock dominant of the study area is controlled by secondary porosity such as distance from lineament and density of lineament. There are high correlations between area percentage of predicted groundwater potential zones and groundwater well yield. Results obtained from this study can be useful for future planning of groundwater exploration, planning and development by related agencies in Malaysia which provide a rapid method and reduce cost as well as less time consuming. The results may be also transferable to other areas of similar hydrological characteristics.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to express their gratitude to all groundwater experts from various departments and agency for cooperating and sharing their knowledge about groundwater studies in Malaysia. Also sincere thanks goes to the Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia (JUPEM), Minerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia (JMG), Malaysian Remote Sensing Agency, Department of Town and Country Planning Peninsular Malaysia (JPBD), Department of Agriculture Malaysia (DOA), and Malaysian Meteorological Department for providing various datasets used in this study. Special thanks to the staffs of JMG in the headquarters of Kuala Lumpur and Selangor/Wilayah Persekutuan who directly or indirectly contributed in the preparation process of the paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Minerals and Geoscience Department (JMG), 19-22th Floor, Bangunan Tabung Haji, Jalan Tun Razak, 50658, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Mohamad Abd Manap

  2. Faculty of Environmental Studies, University of Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Malaysia

    Wan Nor Azmin Sulaiman & Mohammad Firuz Ramli

  3. Institute of Advanced Technology (ITMA), Spatial and Numerical Modelling Laboratory, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Malaysia

    Biswajeet Pradhan

  4. Remote Sensing Agency, No 13 Jalan Tun Ismail, 50480, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Noraini Surip

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  1. Mohamad Abd Manap
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  2. Wan Nor Azmin Sulaiman
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  4. Biswajeet Pradhan
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Correspondence to Biswajeet Pradhan.

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Manap, M.A., Sulaiman, W.N.A., Ramli, M.F. et al. A knowledge-driven GIS modeling technique for groundwater potential mapping at the Upper Langat Basin, Malaysia. Arab J Geosci 6, 1621–1637 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-011-0469-2

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