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Mechanisms of large-scale landslides in China

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Abstract

Large-scale landslides in western China are famous for their size, complex formation mechanism and serious destruction. Data were collected from some typical large-scale landslides in mainland China in the 20th century. A number of geo-mechanical models have been identified: the “three sections” model (sliding; tension cracking; shearing), “retaining wall collapse”, “horizontal-pushing” in horizontal strata; large-scale toppling in counter-inclined strata; the creep-bending–shearing model etc. Large-scale rock landslides are generally accompanied by sudden brittle failure of the “locking section” along the potential sliding surface. The paper discusses the importance of this “locking section” which is key to assessing slope geohazard and to the development of control/mitigation measures.

Résumé

Les glissements de terrain de grande ampleur de l’ouest de la Chine sont connus pour leur taille, les mécanismes complexes de rupture et les dommages importants associés. Des données ont été rassemblées concernant des glissements de terrain de grande ampleur en Chine au 20ème siècle. Plusieurs modèles géomécaniques ont été identifiés : le modèle « à trois sections » (glissement; fissuration par mise en traction; cisaillement), le modèle de type « effondrement de mur de soutènement », le modèle de type « poussée horizontale » dans un multicouche horizontal, le basculement à grande échelle dans des formations à pendage contraire à la pente, le modèle avec fluage-flexion-cisaillement, etc. Il correspond souvent aux glissements de grande ampleur des processus de rupture fragile soudaine au niveau d’une « section de blocage » le long de la surface potentielle de glissement. L’article discute de l’importance de cette « section de blocage » qui représente une notion clé pour évaluer le risque de glissement et définir des mesures de surveillance et de confortement.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by the State Key Laboratory Research Fund from SKLGP.

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  1. State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China

    Runqiu Huang

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Huang, R. Mechanisms of large-scale landslides in China. Bull Eng Geol Environ 71, 161–170 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-011-0403-6

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