Sherman R Alpert
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- Article
“THAT’s what i was looking for”: comparing user-rated relevance with search engine rankings
Sameer Patil
Department of Informatics, Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA
,Sherman R. Alpert
I.B.M. T. J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY
,John Karat
I.B.M. T. J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY
,Catherine Wolf
I.B.M. T. J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY
INTERACT'05: Proceedings of the 2005 IFIP TC13 international conference on Human-Computer Interaction•September 2005, pp 117-129• https://doi.org/10.1007/11555261_13We present a lightweight tool to compare the relevance ranking provided by a search engine to the relevance as actually judged by the user performing the query. Using the tool, we conducted a user study with two different versions of the search engine ...
- 1Citation
MetricsTotal Citations1
- Article
Student Modeling for Language Tutors
Sherman Alpert
IBM T.J. Watson Research Center
,Joseph E. Beck
Center for Automated Learning and Discovery, Carnegie Mellon University, [email protected], [email protected]
Proceedings of the 2005 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Supporting Learning through Intelligent and Socially Informed Technology•May 2005, pp 997-997Student modeling is of great importance in intelligent tutoring and intelligent educational assessment applications. However, student modeling for computer-assisted language learning (CALL) applications differs from classic student modeling in several ...
- 0Citation
MetricsTotal Citations0
- chapter
Comprehensive mapping of knowledge and information resources: the case of webster
Sherman R. Alpert
IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY
To maximize the representational and pedagogical effectiveness of computer-based concept maps, such maps should be able to incorporate any sort of media that can be represented in the computational environment. This chapter proposes cognitive and ...
- 0Citation
MetricsTotal Citations0
- article
Summarizing technical support documents for search: expert and user studies
C. G. Wolf
Research Division, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, PO Box 704, Yorktown Heights, NY
,S. R. Alpert
Research Division, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, PO Box 218, Yorktown Heights, NY
,J. G. Vergo
Research Division, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, PO Box 218, Yorktown Heights, NY
,L. Kozakov
Research Division, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, PO Box 704, Yorktown Heights, NY
,Y. Doganata
Research Division, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, PO Box 704, Yorktown Heights, NY
One factor that may affect whether users of technical support Web sites can rapidly find information relevant to their needs is the quality of the summary of documents returned as the result of search queries. This paper reports on two studies that were ...
- 2Citation
MetricsTotal Citations2
- article
User Attitudes Regarding a User-Adaptive eCommerce Web Site
Sherman R. Alpert
IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, USA 10598
,John Karat
IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, USA 10598
,Clare-Marie Karat
IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, USA 10598
,Carolyn Brodie
IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, USA 10598
,John G. Vergo
IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, USA 10598
User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction, Volume 13, Issue 4•November 2003, pp 373-396 • https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026201108015Despite an abundance of recommendations by researchers and more recently by commercial enterprises for adaptive interaction techniques and technologies, there exists little experimental validation of the value of such approaches to users. We have ...
- 15Citation
MetricsTotal Citations15
- article
Personalizing the user experience on ibm.com
C. M. Karat
Research Division, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, NY 10532
,C. Brodie
Research Division, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, NY 10532
,J. Karat
Research Division, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, NY 10532
,J. Vergo
Research Division, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, NY 10532
,S. R. Alpert
Research Division, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, NY 10532
IBM Systems Journal, Volume 42, Issue 4•October 2003, pp 686-701 • https://doi.org/10.1147/sj.424.0686In this paper, we describe the results of an effort to first understand the value of personalizing a Web site, as perceived by the visitors to the site as well as by the stakeholder organization that owns it, and then to develop a strategy for ...
- 16Citation
MetricsTotal Citations16- 1
Supplementary Materialsj4262.xml
The design patterns Smalltalk companion
Sherman R. Alpert
IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY
,Kyle Brown
Knowledge Systems Corp.
,Bobby Woolf
Knowledge Systems Corp.
- 19Citation
MetricsTotal Citations19
Mobile IP; Design Principles and Practices
From the Book: PREFACE: Two technological advances in recent years have radically altered the nature of computing for most computer users. The first is mobility. Laptop computers now represent the fastest growing segment of the computer market. Most ...
- 59Citation
MetricsTotal Citations59
- research-article
The EFX Editing and Effects Environment
Sherman R. Alpert,
Mark R. Laff,
W. Randall Koons,
David A. Epstein,
Danny Soroker,
David C. Morrill,
Arthur J. Stein
Web Extra: An MPEG clip demonstrates how FX-supplied effects can be user-customized in unique ways.The EFX digital editing and effects environment integrates facilities for nonlinear editing of digitized fild, video, and audio with sophisticated image-...
- 0Citation
MetricsTotal Citations0
- Articlefree
Published By ACM
Published By ACM
Ode: a self-guided, scenario-based learning environment for object-oriented design principles
Scott P. Robertson
US WEST Technologies, 4001 Discovery Drive, Boulder, CO and IBM Research, T.J. Watson Research Center, 30 Saw Mill River Road, Hawthorne, NY
,John M. Carroll
Department of Computer Science, 562 McBryde Hall, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA and IBM Research, T.J. Watson Research Center, 30 Saw Mill River Road, Hawthorne, NY
,Robert L. Mack
IBM Research, T.J. Watson Research Center, 30 Saw Mill River Road, Hawthorne, NY
,Mary Beth Rosson
Department of Computer Science, 562 McBryde Hall, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA and IBM Research, T.J. Watson Research Center, 30 Saw Mill River Road, Hawthorne, NY
,Sherman R. Alpert
IBM Research, T. J. Watson Research Center, 30 Saw Mill River Road, Hawthorne, NY
,Jürgen Koenenmann-Belliveau
Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Busch Campus, New Brunswick, NJ and IBM Research, T.J. Watson Research Center, 30 Saw Mill River Road, Hawthorne, NY
OOPSLA '94: Proceedings of the ninth annual conference on Object-oriented programming systems, language, and applications•October 1994, pp 51-64• https://doi.org/10.1145/191080.191091Also Published in:
ACM SIGPLAN Notices: Volume 29 Issue 10, Oct. 1994- 11Citation
- 985
- Downloads
MetricsTotal Citations11Total Downloads985Last 12 Months114Last 6 weeks22
- Articlefree
Published By ACM
Published By ACM
Raison d'Etre: capturing design history and rationale in mutimedia narratives
John M. Carroll
Department of Computer Science, 562 McBride Hall, Virginia Tech (VPI&SU), Blacksburg, VA
,Sherman R. Alpert
IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, PO Box 704, Yorktown Heights, NY
,John Karat
IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, PO Box 704, Yorktown Heights, NY
,Mary S. Van Deusen
InterMedia Enterprises, P.O. Box 1080, Wrentham, MA
,Mary Beth Rosson
Department of Computer Science, 562 McBride Hall, Virginia Tech (VPI&SU), Blacksburg, VA
CHI '94: Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems•April 1994, pp 213• https://doi.org/10.1145/259963.260349- 4Citation
- 203
- Downloads
MetricsTotal Citations4Total Downloads203Last 12 Months40Last 6 weeks10
- Articlefree
Published By ACM
Published By ACM
Demonstrating raison d'etre: multimedia design history and rationale
John M. Carroll
IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, PO Box 704, Yorktown Heights, NY
,Sherman R. Alpert
IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, PO Box 704, Yorktown Heights, NY
,John Karat
IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, PO Box 704, Yorktown Heights, NY
,Mary S. Van Deusen
IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, PO Box 704, Yorktown Heights, NY
,Mary Beth Rosson
IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, PO Box 704, Yorktown Heights, NY
CHI '94: Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems•April 1994, pp 29-30• https://doi.org/10.1145/259963.259995- 1Citation
- 228
- Downloads
MetricsTotal Citations1Total Downloads228Last 12 Months50Last 6 weeks10
- Articlefree
Published By ACM
Published By ACM
Raison d'Etre: capturing design history and rationale in multimedia narratives
John M. Carroll
Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA and IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, PO Box 704, Yorktown Heights, NY
,Sherman R. Alpert
IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, PO Box 704, Yorktown Heights, NY
,John Karat
IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, PO Box 704, Yorktown Heights, NY
,Mary Van Deusen
InterMedia Enterprises, P.O. Box 1080, Wrentham, MA and IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, PO Box 704, Yorktown Heights, NY
,Mary Beth Rosson
Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA and IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, PO Box 704, Yorktown Heights, NY
CHI '94: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems•April 1994, pp 192-197• https://doi.org/10.1145/191666.191741- 24Citation
- 657
- Downloads
MetricsTotal Citations24Total Downloads657Last 12 Months101Last 6 weeks16
- research-article
Graceful Interaction with Graphical Constraints
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, Volume 13, Issue 2•March 1993, pp 82-91 • https://doi.org/10.1109/38.204971The graphical constraint editor (GRACE), a graphical editor that lets users define graphical, or geometric, constraints, is reviewed. Graphical constraints specify relationships among graphical objects that the system must maintain. Constraints are ...
- 5Citation
MetricsTotal Citations5
- article
The cognitive consequences of object-oriented design
Mary Beth Rosson
User Interface Institute, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY
,Sherman R. Alpert
User Interface Institute, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY
Human-Computer Interaction, Volume 5, Issue 4•December 1990, pp 345-379 • https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327051hci0504_1The most valuable tools or methodologies supporting the design of interactive systems are those that simultaneously ease the process of design and improve the usability of the resulting system. We consider the potential of the object-oriented paradigm ...
- 40Citation
- 211
- Downloads
MetricsTotal Citations40Total Downloads211
- Articlefree
Published By ACM
Published By ACM
A view matcher for learning Smalltalk
John M. Carroll
User Interface Institute, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 704, Yorktown Heights, NY
,Janice A. Singer
User Interface Institute, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 704, Yorktown Heights, NY
,Rachel K. E. Bellamy
User Interface Institute, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 704, Yorktown Heights, NY
,Sherman R. Alpert
User Interface Institute, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 704, Yorktown Heights, NY
CHI '90: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems•March 1990, pp 431-437• https://doi.org/10.1145/97243.97320The View Matcher is a structured browser for Smalltalk/V. It presents a set of integrated and dynamic views of a running application, intended to coordinate and rationalize a programmer's early understanding of Smalltalk and its environment. We describe ...
- 15Citation
- 396
- Downloads
MetricsTotal Citations15Total Downloads396Last 12 Months47Last 6 weeks5
Author Profile Pages
- Description: The Author Profile Page initially collects all the professional information known about authors from the publications record as known by the ACM bibliographic database, the Guide. Coverage of ACM publications is comprehensive from the 1950's. Coverage of other publishers generally starts in the mid 1980's. The Author Profile Page supplies a quick snapshot of an author's contribution to the field and some rudimentary measures of influence upon it. Over time, the contents of the Author Profile page may expand at the direction of the community.
Please see the following 2007 Turing Award winners' profiles as examples: - History: Disambiguation of author names is of course required for precise identification of all the works, and only those works, by a unique individual. Of equal importance to ACM, author name normalization is also one critical prerequisite to building accurate citation and download statistics. For the past several years, ACM has worked to normalize author names, expand reference capture, and gather detailed usage statistics, all intended to provide the community with a robust set of publication metrics. The Author Profile Pages reveal the first result of these efforts.
- Normalization: ACM uses normalization algorithms to weigh several types of evidence for merging and splitting names.
These include:- co-authors: if we have two names and cannot disambiguate them based on name alone, then we see if they have a co-author in common. If so, this weighs towards the two names being the same person.
- affiliations: names in common with same affiliation weighs toward the two names being the same person.
- publication title: names in common whose works are published in same journal weighs toward the two names being the same person.
- keywords: names in common whose works address the same subject matter as determined from title and keywords, weigh toward being the same person.
The more conservative the merging algorithms, the more bits of evidence are required before a merge is made, resulting in greater precision but lower recall of works for a given Author Profile. Many bibliographic records have only author initials. Many names lack affiliations. With very common family names, typical in Asia, more liberal algorithms result in mistaken merges.
Automatic normalization of author names is not exact. Hence it is clear that manual intervention based on human knowledge is required to perfect algorithmic results. ACM is meeting this challenge, continuing to work to improve the automated merges by tweaking the weighting of the evidence in light of experience.
- Bibliometrics: In 1926, Alfred Lotka formulated his power law (known as Lotka's Law) describing the frequency of publication by authors in a given field. According to this bibliometric law of scientific productivity, only a very small percentage (~6%) of authors in a field will produce more than 10 articles while the majority (perhaps 60%) will have but a single article published. With ACM's first cut at author name normalization in place, the distribution of our authors with 1, 2, 3..n publications does not match Lotka's Law precisely, but neither is the distribution curve far off. For a definition of ACM's first set of publication statistics, see Bibliometrics
- Future Direction:
The initial release of the Author Edit Screen is open to anyone in the community with an ACM account, but it is limited to personal information. An author's photograph, a Home Page URL, and an email may be added, deleted or edited. Changes are reviewed before they are made available on the live site.
ACM will expand this edit facility to accommodate more types of data and facilitate ease of community participation with appropriate safeguards. In particular, authors or members of the community will be able to indicate works in their profile that do not belong there and merge others that do belong but are currently missing.
A direct search interface for Author Profiles will be built.
An institutional view of works emerging from their faculty and researchers will be provided along with a relevant set of metrics.
It is possible, too, that the Author Profile page may evolve to allow interested authors to upload unpublished professional materials to an area available for search and free educational use, but distinct from the ACM Digital Library proper. It is hard to predict what shape such an area for user-generated content may take, but it carries interesting potential for input from the community.
Bibliometrics
The ACM DL is a comprehensive repository of publications from the entire field of computing.
It is ACM's intention to make the derivation of any publication statistics it generates clear to the user.
- Average citations per article = The total Citation Count divided by the total Publication Count.
- Citation Count = cumulative total number of times all authored works by this author were cited by other works within ACM's bibliographic database. Almost all reference lists in articles published by ACM have been captured. References lists from other publishers are less well-represented in the database. Unresolved references are not included in the Citation Count. The Citation Count is citations TO any type of work, but the references counted are only FROM journal and proceedings articles. Reference lists from books, dissertations, and technical reports have not generally been captured in the database. (Citation Counts for individual works are displayed with the individual record listed on the Author Page.)
- Publication Count = all works of any genre within the universe of ACM's bibliographic database of computing literature of which this person was an author. Works where the person has role as editor, advisor, chair, etc. are listed on the page but are not part of the Publication Count.
- Publication Years = the span from the earliest year of publication on a work by this author to the most recent year of publication of a work by this author captured within the ACM bibliographic database of computing literature (The ACM Guide to Computing Literature, also known as "the Guide".
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- Average downloads per article = The total number of cumulative downloads divided by the number of articles (including multimedia objects) available for download from ACM's servers.
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- Downloads (12 months) = The cumulative number of times all works by this author have been downloaded from an ACM full-text article server over the last 12-month period for which statistics are available. The counts displayed are usually 1-2 weeks behind the current date. (12-month download counts for individual works are displayed with the individual record.)
- Downloads (6 weeks) = The cumulative number of times all works by this author have been downloaded from an ACM full-text article server over the last 6-week period for which statistics are available. The counts displayed are usually 1-2 weeks behind the current date. (6-week download counts for individual works are displayed with the individual record.)
ACM Author-Izer Service
Summary Description
ACM Author-Izer is a unique service that enables ACM authors to generate and post links on both their homepage and institutional repository for visitors to download the definitive version of their articles from the ACM Digital Library at no charge.
Downloads from these sites are captured in official ACM statistics, improving the accuracy of usage and impact measurements. Consistently linking to definitive version of ACM articles should reduce user confusion over article versioning.
ACM Author-Izer also extends ACM’s reputation as an innovative “Green Path” publisher, making ACM one of the first publishers of scholarly works to offer this model to its authors.
To access ACM Author-Izer, authors need to establish a free ACM web account. Should authors change institutions or sites, they can utilize the new ACM service to disable old links and re-authorize new links for free downloads from a different site.
How ACM Author-Izer Works
Authors may post ACM Author-Izer links in their own bibliographies maintained on their website and their own institution’s repository. The links take visitors to your page directly to the definitive version of individual articles inside the ACM Digital Library to download these articles for free.
The Service can be applied to all the articles you have ever published with ACM.
Depending on your previous activities within the ACM DL, you may need to take up to three steps to use ACM Author-Izer.
For authors who do not have a free ACM Web Account:
- Go to the ACM DL http://dl.acm.org/ and click SIGN UP. Once your account is established, proceed to next step.
For authors who have an ACM web account, but have not edited their ACM Author Profile page:
- Sign in to your ACM web account and go to your Author Profile page. Click "Add personal information" and add photograph, homepage address, etc. Click ADD AUTHOR INFORMATION to submit change. Once you receive email notification that your changes were accepted, you may utilize ACM Author-izer.
For authors who have an account and have already edited their Profile Page:
- Sign in to your ACM web account, go to your Author Profile page in the Digital Library, look for the ACM Author-izer link below each ACM published article, and begin the authorization process. If you have published many ACM articles, you may find a batch Authorization process useful. It is labeled: "Export as: ACM Author-Izer Service"
ACM Author-Izer also provides code snippets for authors to display download and citation statistics for each “authorized” article on their personal pages. Downloads from these pages are captured in official ACM statistics, improving the accuracy of usage and impact measurements. Consistently linking to the definitive version of ACM articles should reduce user confusion over article versioning.
Note: You still retain the right to post your author-prepared preprint versions on your home pages and in your institutional repositories with DOI pointers to the definitive version permanently maintained in the ACM Digital Library. But any download of your preprint versions will not be counted in ACM usage statistics. If you use these AUTHOR-IZER links instead, usage by visitors to your page will be recorded in the ACM Digital Library and displayed on your page.
FAQ
- Q. What is ACM Author-Izer?
A. ACM Author-Izer is a unique, link-based, self-archiving service that enables ACM authors to generate and post links on either their home page or institutional repository for visitors to download the definitive version of their articles for free.
- Q. What articles are eligible for ACM Author-Izer?
- A. ACM Author-Izer can be applied to all the articles authors have ever published with ACM. It is also available to authors who will have articles published in ACM publications in the future.
- Q. Are there any restrictions on authors to use this service?
- A. No. An author does not need to subscribe to the ACM Digital Library nor even be a member of ACM.
- Q. What are the requirements to use this service?
- A. To access ACM Author-Izer, authors need to have a free ACM web account, must have an ACM Author Profile page in the Digital Library, and must take ownership of their Author Profile page.
- Q. What is an ACM Author Profile Page?
- A. The Author Profile Page initially collects all the professional information known about authors from the publications record as known by the ACM Digital Library. The Author Profile Page supplies a quick snapshot of an author's contribution to the field and some rudimentary measures of influence upon it. Over time, the contents of the Author Profile page may expand at the direction of the community. Please visit the ACM Author Profile documentation page for more background information on these pages.
- Q. How do I find my Author Profile page and take ownership?
- A. You will need to take the following steps:
- Create a free ACM Web Account
- Sign-In to the ACM Digital Library
- Find your Author Profile Page by searching the ACM Digital Library for your name
- Find the result you authored (where your author name is a clickable link)
- Click on your name to go to the Author Profile Page
- Click the "Add Personal Information" link on the Author Profile Page
- Wait for ACM review and approval; generally less than 24 hours
- Q. Why does my photo not appear?
- A. Make sure that the image you submit is in .jpg or .gif format and that the file name does not contain special characters
- Q. What if I cannot find the Add Personal Information function on my author page?
- A. The ACM account linked to your profile page is different than the one you are logged into. Please logout and login to the account associated with your Author Profile Page.
- Q. What happens if an author changes the location of his bibliography or moves to a new institution?
- A. Should authors change institutions or sites, they can utilize ACM Author-Izer to disable old links and re-authorize new links for free downloads from a new location.
- Q. What happens if an author provides a URL that redirects to the author’s personal bibliography page?
- A. The service will not provide a free download from the ACM Digital Library. Instead the person who uses that link will simply go to the Citation Page for that article in the ACM Digital Library where the article may be accessed under the usual subscription rules.
However, if the author provides the target page URL, any link that redirects to that target page will enable a free download from the Service.
- Q. What happens if the author’s bibliography lives on a page with several aliases?
- A. Only one alias will work, whichever one is registered as the page containing the author’s bibliography. ACM has no technical solution to this problem at this time.
- Q. Why should authors use ACM Author-Izer?
- A. ACM Author-Izer lets visitors to authors’ personal home pages download articles for no charge from the ACM Digital Library. It allows authors to dynamically display real-time download and citation statistics for each “authorized” article on their personal site.
- Q. Does ACM Author-Izer provide benefits for authors?
- A. Downloads of definitive articles via Author-Izer links on the authors’ personal web page are captured in official ACM statistics to more accurately reflect usage and impact measurements.
Authors who do not use ACM Author-Izer links will not have downloads from their local, personal bibliographies counted. They do, however, retain the existing right to post author-prepared preprint versions on their home pages or institutional repositories with DOI pointers to the definitive version permanently maintained in the ACM Digital Library.
- Q. How does ACM Author-Izer benefit the computing community?
- A. ACM Author-Izer expands the visibility and dissemination of the definitive version of ACM articles. It is based on ACM’s strong belief that the computing community should have the widest possible access to the definitive versions of scholarly literature. By linking authors’ personal bibliography with the ACM Digital Library, user confusion over article versioning should be reduced over time.
In making ACM Author-Izer a free service to both authors and visitors to their websites, ACM is emphasizing its continuing commitment to the interests of its authors and to the computing community in ways that are consistent with its existing subscription-based access model.
- Q. Why can’t I find my most recent publication in my ACM Author Profile Page?
- A. There is a time delay between publication and the process which associates that publication with an Author Profile Page. Right now, that process usually takes 4-8 weeks.
- Q. How does ACM Author-Izer expand ACM’s “Green Path” Access Policies?
- A. ACM Author-Izer extends the rights and permissions that authors retain even after copyright transfer to ACM, which has been among the “greenest” publishers. ACM enables its author community to retain a wide range of rights related to copyright and reuse of materials. They include:
- Posting rights that ensure free access to their work outside the ACM Digital Library and print publications
- Rights to reuse any portion of their work in new works that they may create
- Copyright to artistic images in ACM’s graphics-oriented publications that authors may want to exploit in commercial contexts
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