A Dataset for Research on Water Sustainability
Authors: 
Pranjol Sen Gupta, Md Rajib Hossen, 
Pengfei Li, Shaolei Ren, Mohammad A. IslamAuthors Info & Claims
Pages 442 - 446
Abstract
Freshwater scarcity is a global problem that requires collective efforts across all industry sectors. Nevertheless, a lack of access to operational water footprint data bars many applications from exploring optimization opportunities hidden within the temporal and spatial variations. To break this barrier into research in water sustainability, we build a dataset for operation direct water usage in the cooling systems and indirect water embedded in electricity generation. Our dataset consists of the hourly water efficiency of major U.S. cities and states from 2019 to 2023. We also offer cooling system models that capture the impact of weather on water efficiency. We present a preliminary analysis of our dataset and discuss three potential applications that can benefit from it. Our dataset is publicly available at Open Science Framework (OSF) [1].
References
[1]
[1] P. Gupta, M. Hossen, P. Li, S. Ren, and M. Islam, “A dataset for research on water sustainability,” Open Science Framework (OSF), https://osf.io/g3zvd/?view_only=63e9c2f0cdf547d792bdd8e93045f89e.
[2]
[2] “The water resources group: Background, impact and the way forward,” http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF/WRG_Background_Impact_and_Way_Forward.pdf.
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[3] U.S. Drought Monitor, “Map Archive.” https://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/Maps/MapArchive.aspx.
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[4] Palm Beach Daily News, “Drought dilemma: Palm Beach leaders struggle to cap water use,” https://www.palmbeachpost.com/story/weather/2011/06/09/water-managers-shortage-near-crisis/7179447007/.
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[5] EPA, “Watersense,” https://www.epa.gov/watersense.
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[6] Google, “Environmental report,” 2023, https://sustainability.google/reports/.
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[7] G. Ramos, M. Squicciarini, and E. Lamm, “Making ai ethical by design: The unesco perspective,” Computer, vol. 57, pp. 33–43, feb 2024.
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[8] Chiller & Cooling Best Practices, “Reducing cooling tower water consumption through advanced water treatment technology,” https://coolingbestpractices.com/technology/cooling-towers/reducing-cooling-tower-water-consumption-through-advanced-water-treatment.
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[9] EIA, “U.s. electric power sector continues water efficiency gains,” https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=56820.
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[10] B. Alinia, M. H. Hajiesmaili, and N. Crespi, “Online ev charging scheduling with on-arrival commitment,” IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 20, no. 12, pp. 4524–4537, 2019.
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[12]
[12] M. A. Islam, K. Ahmed, H. Xu, N. H. Tran, G. Quan, and S. Ren, “Exploiting spatio-temporal diversity for water saving in geo-distributed data centers,” IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 734–746, 2016.
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[13] P. Reig, T. Luo, E. Christensen, and J. Sinistore, “Guidance for calculating water use embedded in purchased electricity,” World Resources Institute, 2020.
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[14] P. Reig, “What’s the difference between water use and water consumption?,” World Resources Institute Commentary, 2013, https://www.wri.org/insights/whats-difference-between-water-use-and-water-consumption.
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[15] J. Macknick, R. Newmark, G. Heath, and K. Hallett, “A review of operational water consumption and withdrawal factors for electricity generating technologies,” NREL Tech. Report: NREL/TP-6A20-50900, 2011.
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[16] G. G. Protocol, “Greenhouse gas protocol,” Sector Toolsets for Iron and Steel-Guidance Document, 2011.
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[17] U. Hölzle, “Our commitment to climate-conscious data center cooling,” 2022, https://blog.google/outreach-initiatives/sustainability/our-commitment-to-climate-conscious-data-center-cooling/.
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[18] J. Macknick, R. Newmark, G. Heath, and K. C. Hallett, “Operational water consumption and withdrawal factors for electricity generating technologies: a review of existing literature,” Environmental Research Letters, vol. 7, no. 4, p. 045802, 2012.
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[19] E. Spang, W. Moomaw, K. Gallagher, P. Kirshen, and D. Marks, “The water consumption of energy production: an international comparison,” Environmental Research Letters, vol. 9, no. 10, p. 105002, 2014.
[20]
[20] SPX Cooling, “Water usage calculator,” http://spxcooling.com/green/leed/water-usage-calculator/.
[21]
[21] “Historical Weather,” http://www.wunderground.com/.
[22]
[22] R. Stull, “Wet-bulb temperature from relative humidity and air temperature,” Journal of applied meteorology and climatology, vol. 50, no. 11, pp. 2267–2269, 2011.
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[23] U.S. Energy Information Administration, “Open data,” https://www.eia.gov/opendata/.
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[24] U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, “eGRID data explorer,” https://www.epa.gov/egrid/data-explorer.
Index Terms
- A Dataset for Research on Water Sustainability
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Published In
June 2024
704 pages
ISBN:9798400704802
DOI:10.1145/3632775
Copyright © 2024 Owner/Author.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 License.
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Association for Computing Machinery
New York, NY, United States
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Published: 31 May 2024
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e-Energy '24
e-Energy '24: The 15th ACM International Conference on Future and Sustainable Energy Systems
June 4 - 7, 2024
Singapore, Singapore
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