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Investigating Security Folklore: A Case Study on the Tor over VPN Phenomenon

Authors:

Matthias Fassl,

Alexander Ponticello,

Adrian Dabrowski,

Katharina KrombholzAuthors Info & Claims

Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, Volume 7, Issue CSCW2

Article No.: 344, Pages 1 - 26

https://doi.org/10.1145/3610193

Published: 04 October 2023 Publication History

Abstract

Users face security folklore in their daily lives in the form of security advice, myths, and word-of-mouth stories. Using a VPN to access the Tor network, i.e., Tor over VPN, is an interesting example of security folklore because of its inconclusive security benefits and its occurrence in pop-culture media.

Following the Theory of Reasoned Action, we investigated the phenomenon with three studies: (1) we quantified the behavior on real-world Tor traffic and measured a prevalence of 6.23%; (2) we surveyed users' intentions and beliefs, discovering that they try to protect themselves from the Tor network or increase their general security; and (3) we analyzed online information sources, suggesting that perceived norms and ease-of-use play a significant role while behavioral beliefs about the purpose and effect are less crucial in spreading security folklore. We discuss how to communicate security advice effectively and combat security misinformation and misconceptions.

Supplemental Material

ZIP File

These supplemental materials are structured according to the three study parts of the paper: (1) measurement study to quantify Tor over VPN behavior on real-world Tor traffic; (2) user survey on intentions and beliefs behind the Tor over VPN behavior; and (3) qualitative analysis of the background information sources on Tor over VPN. The contained filetypes are: * .txt for lists of IP addresses * .pdf for the codebooks, questionnaires, and corpus material * .py program code for the VPN evaluation script * .zip files that contains a privcount-patched Tor version and a modified PrivCount version

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Cited By

Behfar AShrestha AAl-Ameen MFarzan RLópez CCardoso Llach DQuercia DMustafa MNiu SWong-Villacrés M(2024)A First Look into Fake Profiles on Social Media through the Lens of Victim's ExperiencesCompanion Publication of the 2024 Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing10.1145/3678884.3681889(444-450)Online publication date: 11-Nov-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3678884.3681889
Hielscher JSchöps MOpdenbusch JReichmann FGutfleisch MMarky KParkin SLuo BLiao XXu JKirda ELie D(2024)Selling Satisfaction: A Qualitative Analysis of Cybersecurity Awareness Vendors' PromisesProceedings of the 2024 on ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security10.1145/3658644.3690196(2666-2680)Online publication date: 2-Dec-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3658644.3690196

Index Terms

Investigating Security Folklore: A Case Study on the Tor over VPN Phenomenon
1. Security and privacy
  1. Human and societal aspects of security and privacy
    1. Privacy protections
  2. Security services
    1. Pseudonymity, anonymity and untraceability

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cover image Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction

Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction Volume 7, Issue CSCW2

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October 2023

4055 pages

EISSN:2573-0142

DOI:10.1145/3626953

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Jeff Nichols
Apple Inc., United States

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Published: 04 October 2023

Published in PACMHCI Volume 7, Issue CSCW2

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Cited By

Behfar AShrestha AAl-Ameen MFarzan RLópez CCardoso Llach DQuercia DMustafa MNiu SWong-Villacrés M(2024)A First Look into Fake Profiles on Social Media through the Lens of Victim's ExperiencesCompanion Publication of the 2024 Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing10.1145/3678884.3681889(444-450)Online publication date: 11-Nov-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3678884.3681889
Hielscher JSchöps MOpdenbusch JReichmann FGutfleisch MMarky KParkin SLuo BLiao XXu JKirda ELie D(2024)Selling Satisfaction: A Qualitative Analysis of Cybersecurity Awareness Vendors' PromisesProceedings of the 2024 on ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security10.1145/3658644.3690196(2666-2680)Online publication date: 2-Dec-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3658644.3690196

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