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research-article

The magic lens: refractive steganography

Authors:

Derek Nowrouzezahrai,

Wojciech JaroszAuthors Info & Claims

ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG), Volume 31, Issue 6

Article No.: 186, Pages 1 - 10

https://doi.org/10.1145/2366145.2366205

Published: 01 November 2012 Publication History

Abstract

We present an automatic approach to design and manufacture passive display devices based on optical hidden image decoding. Motivated by classical steganography techniques we construct Magic Lenses, composed of refractive lenslet arrays, to reveal hidden images when placed over potentially unstructured printed or displayed source images. We determine the refractive geometry of these surfaces by formulating and efficiently solving an inverse light transport problem, taking into account additional constraints imposed by the physical manufacturing processes. We fabricate several variants on the basic magic lens idea including using a single source image to encode several hidden images which are only revealed when the lens is placed at prescribed orientations on the source image or viewed from different angles. We also present an important special case, the universal lens, that forms an injection mapping from the lens surface to the source image grid, allowing it to be used with arbitrary source images. We use this type of lens to generate hidden animation sequences. We validate our simulation results with many real-world manufactured magic lenses, and experiment with two separate manufacturing processes.

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Cited By

Burgert RLi XLeite ARanasinghe KRyoo M(2024)Diffusion Illusions: Hiding Images in Plain SightACM SIGGRAPH 2024 Conference Papers10.1145/3641519.3657500(1-11)Online publication date: 13-Jul-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3641519.3657500
Zhang FGuo YPu MChen LXu MLiao MLi LLi XMa XLuo X(2023)Meta-optics empowered vector visual cryptography for high security and rapid decryptionNature Communications10.1038/s41467-023-37510-z14:1Online publication date: 7-Apr-2023
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-37510-z
Pratt LJohnston APietroni N(2023)Bending the light: Next generation anamorphic sculpturesComputers & Graphics10.1016/j.cag.2023.05.023114(210-218)Online publication date: Aug-2023
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2023.05.023
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

The magic lens: refractive steganography
1. Computing methodologies
  1. Artificial intelligence
    1. Computer vision
      1. Image and video acquisition
        3D imaging
  2. Computer graphics
    1. Animation

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Published In

cover image ACM Transactions on Graphics

ACM Transactions on Graphics Volume 31, Issue 6

November 2012

794 pages

ISSN:0730-0301

EISSN:1557-7368

DOI:10.1145/2366145

Issue’s Table of Contents

Copyright © 2012 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 01 November 2012

Published in TOG Volume 31, Issue 6

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Cited By

Burgert RLi XLeite ARanasinghe KRyoo M(2024)Diffusion Illusions: Hiding Images in Plain SightACM SIGGRAPH 2024 Conference Papers10.1145/3641519.3657500(1-11)Online publication date: 13-Jul-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3641519.3657500
Zhang FGuo YPu MChen LXu MLiao MLi LLi XMa XLuo X(2023)Meta-optics empowered vector visual cryptography for high security and rapid decryptionNature Communications10.1038/s41467-023-37510-z14:1Online publication date: 7-Apr-2023
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-37510-z
Pratt LJohnston APietroni N(2023)Bending the light: Next generation anamorphic sculpturesComputers & Graphics10.1016/j.cag.2023.05.023114(210-218)Online publication date: Aug-2023
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2023.05.023
Tsukada KSugiyama KOki M(2022)Lens Shaping Method and Applications Using UV PrinterJournal of Information Processing10.2197/ipsjjip.30.9730(97-106)Online publication date: 2022
https://doi.org/10.2197/ipsjjip.30.97
Wu KFu XChen RLiu L(2022)Survey on computational 3D visual optical art designVisual Computing for Industry, Biomedicine, and Art10.1186/s42492-022-00126-z5:1Online publication date: 19-Dec-2022
https://doi.org/10.1186/s42492-022-00126-z
Kiuchi SKoizumi N(2022)Distortion-free Mid-air Image Inside Refractive Surface and on Reflective Surface2022 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)10.1109/VR51125.2022.00081(606-614)Online publication date: Mar-2022
https://doi.org/10.1109/VR51125.2022.00081
Wu LZhang Z(2021)Domain multiplexed computer-generated holography by embedded wavevector filtering algorithmPhotoniX10.1186/s43074-020-00023-92:1Online publication date: 5-Jan-2021
https://doi.org/10.1186/s43074-020-00023-9
Zeng JDeng HZhu YWessely MKilian AMueller S(2021)Lenticular Objects: 3D Printed Objects with Lenticular Lens Surfaces That Can Change their Appearance Depending on the ViewpointThe 34th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology10.1145/3472749.3474815(1184-1196)Online publication date: 10-Oct-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3472749.3474815
Hirayama RNakayama HShiraki AKakue TShimobaba TIto T(2019)Projection of multiple directional images on a volume structure with refractive surfacesOptics Express10.1364/OE.27.02763727:20(27637)Online publication date: 17-Sep-2019
https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.27.027637
Peng YSun QDun XWetzstein GHeidrich WHeide F(2019)Learned large field-of-view imaging with thin-plate opticsACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/3355089.335652638:6(1-14)Online publication date: 8-Nov-2019
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3355089.3356526
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