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Abstract timers and their implementation onto the ARM Cortex-M family of MCUs

Authors:

Luís Miguel PinhoAuthors Info & Claims

ACM SIGBED Review, Volume 13, Issue 1

Pages 48 - 53

https://doi.org/10.1145/2907972.2907979

Published: 25 March 2016 Publication History

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Abstract

Real-Time For the Masses (RTFM) is a set of languages and tools being developed to facilitate embedded software development and provide highly efficient implementations geared to static verification. The RTFM-kernel is an architecture designed to provide highly efficient and predicable Stack Resource Policy based scheduling, targeting bare metal (single-core) platforms.

We contribute by introducing a platform independent timer abstraction that relies on existing RTFM-kernel primitives. We develop two alternative implementations for the ARM Cortex-M family of MCUs: a generic implementation, using the ARM defined SysTick/DWT hardware; and a target specific implementation, using the match compare/free running timers. While sacrificing generality, the latter is more flexible and may reduce overall overhead. Invariants for correctness are presented, and methods to static and run-time verification are discussed. Overhead is bound and characterized. In both cases the critical section from release time to dispatch is less than 2us on a 100MHz MCU. Queue and timer mechanisms are directly implemented in the RTFM-core language (-core in the following) and can be included in system-wide scheduling analysis.

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Cited By

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Rupprecht BVogel-Heuser BNeumann E(2023)Measurement Methods for Software Execution Time on Heterogeneous Edge Devices2023 IEEE 21st International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10218136(1-6)Online publication date: 18-Jul-2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10218136
Gandrab NRottleuthner MSchmidt T(2021)uTimer: A Uniform Low-level Timer API for RIOT OS2021 IEEE International Conferences on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing & Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical & Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData) and IEEE Congress on Cybermatics (Cybermatics)10.1109/iThings-GreenCom-CPSCom-SmartData-Cybermatics53846.2021.00016(1-8)Online publication date: Dec-2021
https://doi.org/10.1109/iThings-GreenCom-CPSCom-SmartData-Cybermatics53846.2021.00016
Lindgren PLindner MPereira DPinho L(2016)Towards certified compilation of RTFM-core applications2016 IEEE 21st International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)10.1109/ETFA.2016.7733551(1-6)Online publication date: Sep-2016
https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2016.7733551

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Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

ACM SIGBED Review Volume 13, Issue 1

Special Issue on the 5th Embedded Operating Systems Workshop (EWiLi 2015)

January 2016

58 pages

EISSN:1551-3688

DOI:10.1145/2907972

Editors:
Jalil Boukhobza
University of Western Brittany, France
,
Jean Philippe Diguet
University of South Brittany, France
,
Pierre Ficheux
OWI, France
,
Frank Singhoff
University of Western Brittany, France

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 25 March 2016

Published in SIGBED Volume 13, Issue 1

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Rupprecht BVogel-Heuser BNeumann E(2023)Measurement Methods for Software Execution Time on Heterogeneous Edge Devices2023 IEEE 21st International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10218136(1-6)Online publication date: 18-Jul-2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10218136
Gandrab NRottleuthner MSchmidt T(2021)uTimer: A Uniform Low-level Timer API for RIOT OS2021 IEEE International Conferences on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing & Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical & Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData) and IEEE Congress on Cybermatics (Cybermatics)10.1109/iThings-GreenCom-CPSCom-SmartData-Cybermatics53846.2021.00016(1-8)Online publication date: Dec-2021
https://doi.org/10.1109/iThings-GreenCom-CPSCom-SmartData-Cybermatics53846.2021.00016
Lindgren PLindner MPereira DPinho L(2016)Towards certified compilation of RTFM-core applications2016 IEEE 21st International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)10.1109/ETFA.2016.7733551(1-6)Online publication date: Sep-2016
https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2016.7733551

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Recommendations

Analysis and Implementation of an Embedded System Platform Based on FreeRTOS and Cortex-M3

Freescale ARM Cortex-M Embedded Programming (Volume 3)

Getting Started with Tiva ARM Cortex M4 Microcontrollers: A Lab Manual for Tiva LaunchPad Evaluation Kit