[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/ skip to main content
10.1145/2856767.2856789acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesiuiConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

AnalyticalInk: An Interactive Learning Environment for Math Word Problem Solving

Published: 07 March 2016 Publication History

Abstract

We present AnalyticalInk, a novel math learning environment prototype that uses a semantic graph as the knowledge representation of algebraic and geometric word problems. The system solves math problems by reasoning upon the semantic graph and automatically generates conceptual and procedural scaffoldings in sequence. We further introduces a step-wise tutoring framework, which can check students' input steps and provide the adaptive scaffolding feedback. Based on the knowledge representation, AnalyticalInk highlights keywords that allow users to further drag them onto the workspace to gather insight into the problem's initial conditions. The system simulates a pen-and-paper environment to let users input both in algebraic and geometric workspaces. We conducted an usability evaluation to measure the effectiveness of AnalyticalInk. We found that keyword highlighting and dragging is useful and effective toward math problem solving. Answer checking in the tutoring component is useful. In general, our prototype shows the promise in helping users to understand geometrical concepts and master algebraic procedures under the problem solving.

Supplementary Material

suppl.mov (iuifp0357-file3.mp4)
Supplemental video

References

[1]
Aleven, V., McLaren, B., Roll, I., and Koedinger, K. Toward tutoring help seeking. In Intelligent Tutoring Systems, J. Lester, R. Vicari, and F. Paraguau, Eds., vol. 3220 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004, 227--239.
[2]
Aleven, V., Mclaren, B. M., Sewall, J., and Koedinger, K. R. A new paradigm for intelligent tutoring systems: Example-tracing tutors. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education 19, 2 (2009), 105--154.
[3]
Anderson, J. R., Corbett, A. T., Koedinger, K. R., and Pelletier, R. Cognitive tutors: Lessons learned. The journal of the learning sciences 4, 2 (1995), 167--207.
[4]
Anthony, L., and Wobbrock, J. O. A lightweight multistroke recognizer for user interface prototypes. In Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2010, GI '10, Canadian Information Processing Society (Toronto, Ont., Canada, Canada, 2010), 245--252.
[5]
Anthony, L., Yang, J., and Koedinger, K. R. A paradigm for handwriting-based intelligent tutors. Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud. 70, 11 (Nov. 2012), 866--887.
[6]
Banarescu, L., Bonial, C., Cai, S., Georgescu, M., Griffitt, K., Hermjakob, U., Knight, K., Koehn, P., Palmer, M., and Schneider, N. Abstract meaning representation for sembanking. In Proceedings of the 7th Linguistic Annotation Workshop and Interoperability with Discourse (August 2013).
[7]
Corbett, A. T., and Anderson, J. R. Knowledge tracing: Modeling the acquisition of procedural knowledge. User modeling and user-adapted interaction 4, 4 (1994), 253--278.
[8]
Dunlosky, J., Rawson, K. A., Marsh, E. J., Nathan, M. J., and Willingham, D. T. Improving students learning with effective learning techniques promising directions from cognitive and educational psychology. Psychological Science in the Public Interest 14, 1 (2013), 4--58.
[9]
Fillmore, C. J. The need for a frame semantics in linguistics. Scriptor, 1977.
[10]
Forbus, K. D., Ferguson, R. W., and Usher, J. M. Towards a computational model of sketching. In Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces, ACM (2001), 77--83.
[11]
Ford, B. Parsing expression grammars: a recognition-based syntactic foundation. In ACM SIGPLAN Notices, vol. 39, ACM (2004), 111--122.
[12]
González-Brenes, J. P., and Huang, Y. Your model is predictivebut is it useful? theoretical and empirical considerations of a new paradigm for adaptive tutoring evaluation. In Proceedings of the 8th Intl. Conf. on Educational Data Mining (2015).
[13]
Gulwani, S., Korthikanti, V. A., and Tiwari, A. Synthesizing geometry constructions. In ACM SIGPLAN Notices, vol. 46, ACM (2011), 50--61.
[14]
Heffernan, N. T., and Koedinger, K. R. The composition effect in symbolizing: The role of symbol production vs. text comprehension. In Proceedings of the Nineteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Hillsdale, NJ (1997), 307--312.
[15]
Heffernan, N. T., Koedinger, K. R., and Razzaq, L. Expanding the model-tracing architecture: A 3rd generation intelligent tutor for algebra symbolization. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education 18, 2 (2008), 153.
[16]
Ilany, B.-S., Margolin, B., et al. Language and mathematics: Bridging between natural language and mathematical language in solving problems in mathematics. Creative Education 1, 03 (2010), 138.
[17]
Jiang, Y., Tian, F., Wang, H., Zhang, X., Wang, X., and Dai, G. Intelligent understanding of handwritten geometry theorem proving. In Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces, ACM (2010), 119--128.
[18]
Koedinger, K. R., Anderson, J. R., Hadley, W. H., and Mark, M. A. Intelligent tutoring goes to school in the big city.
[19]
Koedinger, K. R., Booth, J. L., and Klahr, D. Instructional complexity and the science to constrain it. Science 342, 6161 (2013), 935--937.
[20]
Koedinger, K. R., Brunskill, E., Baker, R. S., McLaughlin, E. A., and Stamper, J. New potentials for data-driven intelligent tutoring system development and optimization. AI Magazine 34, 3 (2013), 27--41.
[21]
Koedinger, K. R., and Nathan, M. J. The real story behind story problems: Effects of representations on quantitative reasoning. The Journal of the Learning Sciences 13, 2 (2004), 129--164.
[22]
Kolodner, J. Case-based reasoning. Morgan Kaufmann, 2014.
[23]
Kushman, N., Artzi, Y., Zettlemoyer, L., and Barzilay, R. Learning to automatically solve algebra word problems. In Proceedings of the 52nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), Association for Computational Linguistics (Baltimore, Maryland, June 2014), 271--281.
[24]
LaViola, Jr., J. J., and Zeleznik, R. C. Mathpad2: A system for the creation and exploration of mathematical sketches. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2004 Papers, SIGGRAPH '04, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2004), 432--440.
[25]
Oviatt, S. Interfaces for thinkers: Computer input capabilities that support inferential reasoning. In Proceedings of the 15th ACM on International Conference on Multimodal Interaction, ICMI '13, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2013), 221--228.
[26]
Paquette, L., Lebeau, J.-F., Beaulieu, G., and Mayers, A. Designing a knowledge representation approach for the generation of pedagogical interventions by mtts. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education 25, 1 (2015), 118--156.
[27]
Paulson, B., and Hammond, T. Paleosketch: accurate primitive sketch recognition and beautification. In Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces, ACM (2008), 1--10.
[28]
Rittle-Johnson, B., Siegler, R. S., and Alibali, M. W. Developing conceptual understanding and procedural skill in mathematics: An iterative process. Journal of educational psychology 93, 2 (2001), 346.
[29]
Russell, S., and Norvig, P. Artificial intelligence: a modern approach.
[30]
Schoenfeld, A. H. Learning to think mathematically: Problem solving, metacognition, and sense making in mathematics. Handbook of research on mathematics teaching and learning (1992), 334--370.
[31]
Seo, M. J., Hajishirzi, H., Farhadi, A., Etzioni, O., and Malcolm, C. Solving geometry problems: Combining text and diagram interpretation. In Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, EMNLP 2015, Lisbon, Portugal, September 17--21, 2015 (2015), 1466--1476.
[32]
Vanlehn, K., Lynch, C., Schulze, K., Shapiro, J. A., Shelby, R., Taylor, L., Treacy, D., Weinstein, A., and Wintersgill, M. The andes physics tutoring system: Lessons learned. Int. J. Artif. Intell. Ed. 15, 3 (Aug. 2005), 147--204.
[33]
Zeleznik, R., Bragdon, A., Adeputra, F., and Ko, H.-S. Hands-on math: A page-based multi-touch and pen desktop for technical work and problem solving. In Proceedings of the 23Nd Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, UIST '10, ACM (New York, NY, USA, 2010), 17--26.
[34]
Zeleznik, R., Miller, T., Li, C., and Laviola Jr, J. J. Mathpaper: Mathematical sketching with fluid support for interactive computation. In Smart Graphics, Springer (2008), 20--32.
[35]
Zhou, L., Dai, S., and Chen, L. Learn to solve algebra word problems using quadratic programming. In Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, Association for Computational Linguistics (Lisbon, Portugal, September 2015), 817--822.

Cited By

View all
  • (2023)RetroLens: A Human-AI Collaborative System for Multi-step Retrosynthetic Route PlanningProceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3544548.3581469(1-20)Online publication date: 19-Apr-2023
  • (2023)Mathematics intelligent tutoring systems with handwritten input: a scoping reviewEducation and Information Technologies10.1007/s10639-023-12245-y29:9(11183-11209)Online publication date: 18-Oct-2023
  • (2021)Research on Entity Relation Extraction Based on BiLSTM-CRF Classical Probability Word ProblemsProceedings of the 13th International Conference on Education Technology and Computers10.1145/3498765.3498775(62-68)Online publication date: 22-Oct-2021
  • Show More Cited By

Index Terms

  1. AnalyticalInk: An Interactive Learning Environment for Math Word Problem Solving

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image ACM Conferences
    IUI '16: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces
    March 2016
    446 pages
    ISBN:9781450341370
    DOI:10.1145/2856767
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

    Sponsors

    Publisher

    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 07 March 2016

    Permissions

    Request permissions for this article.

    Check for updates

    Author Tags

    1. inference and reasoning
    2. intelligent tutoring system
    3. learning techniques.
    4. scaffolding generation
    5. semantic representation
    6. user modeling

    Qualifiers

    • Research-article

    Funding Sources

    • NSF CAREER

    Conference

    IUI'16
    Sponsor:

    Acceptance Rates

    IUI '16 Paper Acceptance Rate 49 of 194 submissions, 25%;
    Overall Acceptance Rate 746 of 2,811 submissions, 27%

    Upcoming Conference

    IUI '25

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)10
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)1
    Reflects downloads up to 09 Jan 2025

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all
    • (2023)RetroLens: A Human-AI Collaborative System for Multi-step Retrosynthetic Route PlanningProceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3544548.3581469(1-20)Online publication date: 19-Apr-2023
    • (2023)Mathematics intelligent tutoring systems with handwritten input: a scoping reviewEducation and Information Technologies10.1007/s10639-023-12245-y29:9(11183-11209)Online publication date: 18-Oct-2023
    • (2021)Research on Entity Relation Extraction Based on BiLSTM-CRF Classical Probability Word ProblemsProceedings of the 13th International Conference on Education Technology and Computers10.1145/3498765.3498775(62-68)Online publication date: 22-Oct-2021
    • (2020)Integrating Mental Models into Intelligent Tutoring Systems for Solving Random Sampling Word Problems2020 Ninth International Conference of Educational Innovation through Technology (EITT)10.1109/EITT50754.2020.00036(163-169)Online publication date: Dec-2020
    • (2017)The Use of Handwriting Input in Math Tutoring Systems: An Use Case with PAT2Math2017 IEEE 17th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT)10.1109/ICALT.2017.142(44-46)Online publication date: Jul-2017
    • (2017)Examining Interaction Modality Effects Toward Engagement in an Interactive Learning EnvironmentData Driven Approaches in Digital Education10.1007/978-3-319-66610-5_8(97-110)Online publication date: 5-Sep-2017

    View Options

    Login options

    View options

    PDF

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    Media

    Figures

    Other

    Tables

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media