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An eye-tracking study assessing the comprehension of c++ and Python source code

Published: 26 March 2014 Publication History

Abstract

A study to assess the effect of programming language on student comprehension of source code is presented, comparing the languages of C++ and Python in two task categories: overview and find bug tasks. Eye gazes are tracked while thirty-eight students complete tasks and answer questions. Results indicate no significant difference in accuracy or time, however there is a significant difference reported on the rate at which students look at buggy lines of code. These results start to provide some direction as to the effect programming language might have in introductory programming classes.

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Bednarik, R. and Tukiainen, M. 2008. Temporal Eye-Tracking Data: Evolution of Debugging Strategies with Multiple Representations. In Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications (ETRA) ACM, Georgia, 99--102.
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Binkley, D., Davis, M., Lawrie, D., Maletic, J. I., Morrell, C. and Sharif, B. 2013. The Impact of Identifier Style on Effort and Comprehension. ESE Journal 18, 219--276.
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Crosby, M. E. and Stelovsky, J. 1990. How Do We Read Algorithms? A Case Study. IEEE Computer 23, 24--35.
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Duchowski, A. T. 2003. Eye Tracking Methodology: Theory and Practice. Springer-Verlag, London.
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Enbody, R. J., Punch, W. F. and McCullen, M. 2009. Python Cs1 as Preparation for C++ Cs2. In SIGCSE 2009 ACM, Chattanooga, Tennesee, USA, 116--120.
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Glass, R. L. 2002. Facts and Fallacies of Software Engineering. Addison-Wesley Professional.
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Hansen, M., Goldstone, R. and Lumsdaine, A. 2013. What Makes Code Hard to Understand? ArXiv e-prints.
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Sharif, B., Falcone, M. and Maletic, J. I. 2012. An Eye-Tracking Study on the Role of Scan Time in Finding Source Code Defects. In ETRA, Santa Barbara, CA, 381--384
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Uwano, H., Nakamura, M., Monden, A. and Matsumoto, K. 2006. Analyzing Individual Performance of Source Code Review Using Reviewers' Eye Movement. In ETRA, ACM Press, San Diego, 133--140.
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Cited By

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  • (2024)Predicting Code Comprehension: A Novel Approach to Align Human Gaze with Code using Deep Neural NetworksProceedings of the ACM on Software Engineering10.1145/36607951:FSE(1982-2004)Online publication date: 12-Jul-2024
  • (2024)Follow-Up Attention: An Empirical Study of Developer and Neural Model Code ExplorationIEEE Transactions on Software Engineering10.1109/TSE.2024.344533850:10(2568-2582)Online publication date: Oct-2024
  • (2024)On current limitations of online eye-tracking to study the visual processing of source codeInformation and Software Technology10.1016/j.infsof.2024.107502174:COnline publication date: 1-Oct-2024
  • Show More Cited By

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Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
ETRA '14: Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications
March 2014
394 pages
ISBN:9781450327510
DOI:10.1145/2578153
Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be honored. For all other uses, contact the Owner/Author.

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 26 March 2014

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Author Tags

  1. C++
  2. Python
  3. eye-tracking study
  4. reading source code

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  • Research-article

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ETRA '14
ETRA '14: Eye Tracking Research and Applications
March 26 - 28, 2014
Florida, Safety Harbor

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Overall Acceptance Rate 69 of 137 submissions, 50%

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Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Predicting Code Comprehension: A Novel Approach to Align Human Gaze with Code using Deep Neural NetworksProceedings of the ACM on Software Engineering10.1145/36607951:FSE(1982-2004)Online publication date: 12-Jul-2024
  • (2024)Follow-Up Attention: An Empirical Study of Developer and Neural Model Code ExplorationIEEE Transactions on Software Engineering10.1109/TSE.2024.344533850:10(2568-2582)Online publication date: Oct-2024
  • (2024)On current limitations of online eye-tracking to study the visual processing of source codeInformation and Software Technology10.1016/j.infsof.2024.107502174:COnline publication date: 1-Oct-2024
  • (2024)On Eye Tracking in Software EngineeringSN Computer Science10.1007/s42979-024-03045-35:6Online publication date: 26-Jul-2024
  • (2024)A Comparative Study of High and Low Performing Students’ Visual Effort and Attention When Identifying Syntax ErrorsAugmented Cognition10.1007/978-3-031-61569-6_6(77-94)Online publication date: 1-Jun-2024
  • (2023)Visual Attention Patterns in Finding Source Code DefectsWSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS10.37394/23209.2023.20.4020(375-389)Online publication date: 1-Nov-2023
  • (2023)Öznitelik Belirleme Yöntemleriyle Farklı Türde Hata Ayıklamada Önemli Göz Hareket Metriklerinin BelirlenmesiDetermining Important Eye Movement Metrics in Different Types of Debugging with Feature Selection MethodsGazi Üniversitesi Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi10.17152/gefad.119909643:2(757-784)Online publication date: 2-Sep-2023
  • (2023)Assessing the Effect of Programming Language and Task Type on Eye Movements of Computer Science StudentsACM Transactions on Computing Education10.1145/363253024:1(1-38)Online publication date: 14-Nov-2023
  • (2023)40 Years of Designing Code Comprehension Experiments: A Systematic Mapping StudyACM Computing Surveys10.1145/362652256:4(1-42)Online publication date: 9-Nov-2023
  • (2023)On the Relationship between Code Verifiability and UnderstandabilityProceedings of the 31st ACM Joint European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering10.1145/3611643.3616242(211-223)Online publication date: 30-Nov-2023
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