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Tracking gaze over time in HRI as a proxy for engagement and attribution of social agency

Published: 03 March 2014 Publication History

Abstract

In this contribution, we describe a method of analysing and interpreting the direction and timing of a human's gaze over time towards a robot whilst interacting. Based on annotated video recordings of the interactions, this post-hoc analysis can be used to determine how this gaze behaviour changes over the course of an interaction, following from the observation that humans change their behaviour towards the robot on the time-scale of individual interactions. We posit that given these circumstances, this measure may be used as a proxy (among others) for engagement in the interaction or the human's attribution of social agency to the robot. Application of this method to a sample of unstructured child-robot interactions demonstrates its use, and justifies its utilisation in future studies.

References

[1]
P. Baxter et al. Emergence of Turn-taking in Unstructured Child-Robot Social Interactions. In HRI'13, pages 77--78. ACM Press, 2013.
[2]
T. Belpaeme et al. Child-robot interaction: Perspectives and challenges. In ICSR'13, volume 8239, pages 452--459. Springer, 2013.
[3]
J. Kennedy et al. Constraining Content in Mediated Unstructured Social Interactions: Studies in the Wild. In AFFINE'13. IEEE Press, 2013.
[4]
B. Mutlu et al. Footing In Human-Robot Conversations: How Robots Might Shape Participant Roles Using Gaze Cues. In HRI'2009, pages 61--68. ACM Press, 2009.
[5]
M. Nalin et al. Children's adaptation in multi-session interaction. In Ro-MAN 2012. IEEE Press, 2012.
[6]
C. Rich et al. Recognizing engagement in human-robot interaction. In HRI'2010, pages 375--382. IEEE Press, 2010.

Cited By

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  • (2025)Multi-Modal Social Robot Behavioural Alignment and Learning Outcomes in Mediated Child–Robot InteractionsBiomimetics10.3390/biomimetics1001005010:1(50)Online publication date: 14-Jan-2025
  • (2024)“I Want to Send a Message to My Friend”: Exploring the Shift of Agency to Older Adults in HRIInternational Journal of Social Robotics10.1007/s12369-024-01128-y16:8(1721-1734)Online publication date: 22-Apr-2024
  • (2022)Head Pose for Object Deixis in VR-Based Human-Robot Interaction2022 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)10.1109/RO-MAN53752.2022.9900631(610-617)Online publication date: 29-Aug-2022
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Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
HRI '14: Proceedings of the 2014 ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-robot interaction
March 2014
538 pages
ISBN:9781450326582
DOI:10.1145/2559636
Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be honored. For all other uses, contact the Owner/Author.

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 03 March 2014

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Author Tags

  1. child-robot interaction
  2. gaze direction
  3. sandtray
  4. unstructured social hri

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HRI'14
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HRI '14 Paper Acceptance Rate 32 of 132 submissions, 24%;
Overall Acceptance Rate 268 of 1,124 submissions, 24%

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Cited By

View all
  • (2025)Multi-Modal Social Robot Behavioural Alignment and Learning Outcomes in Mediated Child–Robot InteractionsBiomimetics10.3390/biomimetics1001005010:1(50)Online publication date: 14-Jan-2025
  • (2024)“I Want to Send a Message to My Friend”: Exploring the Shift of Agency to Older Adults in HRIInternational Journal of Social Robotics10.1007/s12369-024-01128-y16:8(1721-1734)Online publication date: 22-Apr-2024
  • (2022)Head Pose for Object Deixis in VR-Based Human-Robot Interaction2022 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)10.1109/RO-MAN53752.2022.9900631(610-617)Online publication date: 29-Aug-2022
  • (2022)In the same boatInteraction Studies. Social Behaviour and Communication in Biological and Artificial SystemsInteraction Studies / Social Behaviour and Communication in Biological and Artificial SystemsInteraction Studies10.1075/is.00013.fis22:3(488-515)Online publication date: 28-Mar-2022
  • (2021)I Can See It in Your Eyes: Gaze as an Implicit Cue of Uncanniness and Task Performance in Repeated Interactions With RobotsFrontiers in Robotics and AI10.3389/frobt.2021.6459568Online publication date: 7-Apr-2021
  • (2020)Are You Still With Me? Continuous Engagement Assessment From a Robot's Point of ViewFrontiers in Robotics and AI10.3389/frobt.2020.001167Online publication date: 16-Sep-2020
  • (2020)How do Situation Awareness Affect People's Physical Engagement with a Robot?Companion of the 2020 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction10.1145/3371382.3378368(116-118)Online publication date: 23-Mar-2020
  • (2020)Automatic Assessment and Learning of Robot Social AbilitiesCompanion of the 2020 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction10.1145/3371382.3377430(561-563)Online publication date: 23-Mar-2020
  • (2020)Gaze by Semi-Virtual Robotic Heads: Effects of Eye and Head Motion2020 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)10.1109/IROS45743.2020.9341209(11065-11071)Online publication date: 24-Oct-2020
  • (2016)Towards long-term social child-robot interactionJournal of Human-Robot Interaction10.5898/JHRI.5.1.Coninx5:1(32-67)Online publication date: 23-Mar-2016
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