[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/ skip to main content
10.1145/1288580.1288594acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesicerConference Proceedingsconference-collections
Article

Suggestions for graduated exposure to programming concepts using fading worked examples

Published: 15 September 2007 Publication History

Abstract

The fading worked example has emerged from cognitive load theory as an effective strategy for lowering cognitive load in the novice phase of skill acquisition and has been shown to be effective in mathematics, engineering and psychology. This theoretical paper proposes the application of the fading worked example strategy to programming education.

References

[1]
Richard Anderson, Ruth Anderson, K. M. Davis, Natalie Linnell, Craig Prince, and Valentin Razmov. Supporting active learning and example based instruction with classroom technology. In SIGCSE'07: Proceedings of the 38th SIGCSE technical symposium on Computer science education, pages 69--73, New York, NY, USA, 2007. ACM Press.
[2]
P. Ayres. Why goal free problems can facilitate learning. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 18:376--381, 1993.
[3]
Dave Berque. An evaluation of a broad deployment of dyknow software to support note taking and interaction using pen-based computers. J. Comput. Small Coll., 21(6):204--216, 2006.
[4]
J. B. Biggs and K. F. Collis. Evaluating the Quality of Learning: The SOLO Taxonomy. Academic Press, New York, NewYork, 1982.
[5]
B.S. Bloom. Taxonomy of Educational Objectives, Handbook I: The Cognitive Domain. David McKay Co Inc., New York, NewYork, 1956.
[6]
Pauli Byckling and Jorma Sajaniemi. A role-based analysis model for the evaluation of novices' programming knowledge development. In ICER '06: Proceedings of the 2006 international workshop on Computing education research, pages 85--96, New York, NY, USA, 2006. ACM Press.
[7]
R. Catrambone. Generalizing solution procedures learned from examples. Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 22:1020--1031, 1996.
[8]
G. Cooper and J. Sweller. Effects of schema acquisition and rule automation on mathematical problem-solving transfer. Journal of Educational Psychology, 79(4):347--362, 1987.
[9]
H. Dreyfus and S. Dreyfus. Mind Over Machine: The Power of Human Intuition and Expertise in the Era of the Computer. Free Press, New York, NY, USA, 1986.
[10]
Janet Emig. Writing as a mode of learning. College Composition and Communication, 2(2):122--128, 1977.
[11]
T. Van Gog, F. Paas, and J.J.G. Van Merriënboer. Process-oriented worked examples: Improving transfer performance through enhanced understanding. Instructional Science, 32(1-2):83--98, 2004.
[12]
S. Kalyuga, P. Ayres, P. Chandler, and J. Sweller. The expertise reversal effect. Cognition and Instruction, 38:23--32, 2003.
[13]
R. Lister, E. S. Adams, S. Fitzgerald, W. Fone, J. Hamer, M. Lindholm, R. McCartney, J. E. Moström, K. Sanders, O. Seppälä, B. Simon, and L. Thomas. A multi-national study of reading and tracing skills in novice programmers. In Working group reports from ITiCSE-2004, New York, NY, 2004.
[14]
R. E. Mayer. The psychology of how novices learn computer programming. ACM Computing Survey, 13(1):121--141, 1981.
[15]
M. McCracken, V. Almstrum, D. Diaz, M. Guzdial, D. Hagan, Y. B.-D. Kolikant, C. Laxer, L. Thomas, Ian Utting, and Tadeusz Wilusz. A multi-national, multi-institutional study of assessment of programming skills of first-year CS students. In Working group reports from ITiCSE-2001, pages 125--180, New York, NY, USA, 2001. ACM Press.
[16]
J. Mead and A. Shende. Persuasive Programming. Franklin, Beedle, & Assoc., Wilsonville, OR, 2001.
[17]
Paul Miller. Composition and Technology: A Pragmatic Approach. PhD thesis, Ohio State University, 1999.
[18]
R. Moreno, M. Reisslein, and G. M. Delgoda. Toward a fundamental understanding of worked example instruction: Impact of means-ends practice, backward/forward fading, and adaptivity. In FIE '06: Proceedings of the 36th Frontiers in Education Conference, 2006.
[19]
F. Paas and J. Van Merrienboer. Variability of worked examples and transfer of geometrical problem-solving skills: A cognitive-load approach. Journal of Educational Psychology, 86(1):122--133, 1994.
[20]
F. Paas, A. Renkl, and J. Sweller. Cognitive load theory and instructional design: Recent developments. Educational Psychologist, 38(1), 2003.
[21]
D. B. Palumbo. Programming language/problem-solving research: A review of relevant issues. Review of Educational Research, 60(1):65--89, 1990.
[22]
A. Renkl and R. Atkinson. Structure the transition from example study to problem solving in cognitive skill acquisition: A cognitive load perspsective. Educational Psychologist, 38(1):1--22, 2003.
[23]
A. Renkl, R.K. Atkinson, and C.S. Grosse. How fading worked solution steps works -- a cognitive load perspective. Instructional Science, pages 59--82, 2004.
[24]
Robert S. Rist. Schema creation in programming. Cognitive Science, 13:389--414, 1989.
[25]
A. Robins, J. Rountree, and N. Rountree. Learning and teaching programming: A review and discussion. Computer Science Education, 13(2):137--172, 2003.
[26]
J. Sajaniemi. Visualizing roles of variables to novice programmers. In Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Workshop of the PPIG, pages 111--127, 2002.
[27]
E. Soloway and J. C. Spohrer. Studying the Novice Programmer. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Mahwah, NJ, USA, 1988.
[28]
J. Sweller. Cognitive load during problem solving: Effects on learning. Cognitive Science, 12(2), 1988.
[29]
J. Sweller and G. A. Cooper. The use of worked examples as a substitute for problem solving in algebra. Cognition and Instruction, 2(1):59--89, 1985.
[30]
J. Touvinen. Optimising student cognitive load in computer education. Proceeding of the Australasian Conference on Computing Education, 91(2), 2000.
[31]
K. VanLehn. Cognitive skill acquisition. Annual Review of Psychology, 47:513--539, 1996.
[32]
L. E. Winslow. Programming pedagogy -- a psychological overview. SIGCSE Bulletin, 28(3), 1996.

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Instructor Perceptions of AI Code Generation Tools - A Multi-Institutional Interview StudyProceedings of the 55th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education V. 110.1145/3626252.3630880(1223-1229)Online publication date: 7-Mar-2024
  • (2024)Teaching Adsorption Chemistry by Constructing Surface Complexation Models (SCM) in PHREEQCJournal of Chemical Education10.1021/acs.jchemed.3c01195101:5(1914-1924)Online publication date: 3-Apr-2024
  • (2024)Students’ perspectives on using digital tools in programming coursesDiscover Education10.1007/s44217-024-00144-43:1Online publication date: 22-May-2024
  • Show More Cited By

Index Terms

  1. Suggestions for graduated exposure to programming concepts using fading worked examples

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image ACM Conferences
    ICER '07: Proceedings of the third international workshop on Computing education research
    September 2007
    172 pages
    ISBN:9781595938411
    DOI:10.1145/1288580
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

    Sponsors

    Publisher

    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 15 September 2007

    Permissions

    Request permissions for this article.

    Check for updates

    Author Tags

    1. cognitive load theory
    2. fading worked examples

    Qualifiers

    • Article

    Conference

    ICER07
    Sponsor:
    ICER07: International Computing Education Research Workshop
    September 15 - 16, 2007
    Georgia, Atlanta, USA

    Acceptance Rates

    ICER '07 Paper Acceptance Rate 14 of 24 submissions, 58%;
    Overall Acceptance Rate 189 of 803 submissions, 24%

    Upcoming Conference

    ICER 2025
    ACM Conference on International Computing Education Research
    August 3 - 6, 2025
    Charlottesville , VA , USA

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)10
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
    Reflects downloads up to 12 Dec 2024

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all
    • (2024)Instructor Perceptions of AI Code Generation Tools - A Multi-Institutional Interview StudyProceedings of the 55th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education V. 110.1145/3626252.3630880(1223-1229)Online publication date: 7-Mar-2024
    • (2024)Teaching Adsorption Chemistry by Constructing Surface Complexation Models (SCM) in PHREEQCJournal of Chemical Education10.1021/acs.jchemed.3c01195101:5(1914-1924)Online publication date: 3-Apr-2024
    • (2024)Students’ perspectives on using digital tools in programming coursesDiscover Education10.1007/s44217-024-00144-43:1Online publication date: 22-May-2024
    • (2023)Exploring the impact of concept-oriented faded WOE and metacognitive scaffolding on learners’ transfer performance and motivation in programming educationMetacognition and Learning10.1007/s11409-023-09362-x19:1(147-168)Online publication date: 2-Nov-2023
    • (2020)Investigating the relationship between programming and natural languages within the primm frameworkProceedings of the 15th Workshop on Primary and Secondary Computing Education10.1145/3421590.3421592(1-10)Online publication date: 28-Oct-2020
    • (2019)A Design-Based Research Approach for introducing Algorithmics and Programming to Bavarian Primary SchoolsDesign-Based Research als Ansatz zur Einführung von Algorithmik und Programmierung an bayerischen GrundschulenMedienPädagogik: Zeitschrift für Theorie und Praxis der Medienbildung10.21240/mpaed/33/2019.02.15.X33(53-75)Online publication date: 15-Feb-2019
    • (2019)Novice Programmers and Introductory ProgrammingThe Cambridge Handbook of Computing Education Research10.1017/9781108654555.013(327-376)Online publication date: 15-Feb-2019
    • (2019)Cognitive Sciences for Computing EducationThe Cambridge Handbook of Computing Education Research10.1017/9781108654555.010(231-275)Online publication date: 15-Feb-2019
    • (2019)The Cambridge Handbook of Computing Education Research10.1017/9781108654555Online publication date: 15-Feb-2019
    • (2018)Understanding the Effects of Lecturer Intervention on Computer Science Student BehaviourProceedings of the 2017 ITiCSE Conference on Working Group Reports10.1145/3174781.3174787(105-124)Online publication date: 30-Jan-2018
    • Show More Cited By

    View Options

    Login options

    View options

    PDF

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    Media

    Figures

    Other

    Tables

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media