[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/ skip to main content
10.1145/1865987.1866014acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesicdscConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

An adaptive method for energy-efficiency in battery-powered embedded smart cameras

Published: 31 August 2010 Publication History

Abstract

With the introduction of battery-powered wireless embedded smart cameras, it has now become viable to deploy large numbers of spatially-distributed cameras with more flexibility in terms of camera locations. However, many challenges remain to be addressed to build operational, battery-powered, wireless smart-camera networks. Battery life is limited, and video processing tasks, such as foreground detection and tracking, consume considerable amount of energy. Thus, it is essential to design and implement lightweight algorithms and methods to increase the energy efficiency of each camera node, and thus the overall life-time of the camera network. We present an adaptive method based on tracking that significantly decreases the energy consumption of the embedded camera. The microprocessor on the camera board is sent to an idle state depending on the amount of activity in the scene. The amount of time the camera remains in idle mode is adaptively changed based on the speeds of tracked objects. Instead of continuously capturing and processing every frame, the camera drops frames during idle mode while preserving the tracking performance and thus system reliability at the same time. We present experimental results showing the energy-efficiency of the proposed method, and the gain in battery life. The proposed methodology provides 25% to 37% savings in the energy consumption, and 45:83% to 65% increase in the battery life depending on the number of objects in the scene and their speeds.

References

[1]
}}M. Bramberger, A. Doblander, A. Maier, B. Rinner, and H. Schwabach. Distributed embedded smart cameras for surveillance applications. IEEE Computer, 39:68--75, 2006.
[2]
}}M. Casares and S. Velipasalar. Light-weight salient foreground detection for embedded smart cameras. In Proc. of the ACM/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Smart Cameras, 2008.
[3]
}}P. Chen and et al. Citric: A low-bandwidth wireless camera network platform. In Proc. of the ACM/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Smart Cameras, 2008.
[4]
}}W.-C. Feng, W.-C. Feng, and M. L. Baillif. Panoptes: Scalable low-power video sensor networking technologies. In Proc. of the ACM Conference on Multimedia, pages 562--571, 2003.
[5]
}}S. Fleck, F. Busch, P. Biber, and W. Strasser. 3d surveillance--a distributed network of smart cameras for real-time tracking and its visualization in 3d. In Proc. of the 2006 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop, pages 118--118. IEEE, June 2006.
[6]
}}S. Hengstler, D. Prashanth, S. Fong, and H. Aghajan. Mesheye: A hybrid-resolution smart camera mote for applications in distributed intelligent surveillance. In Proc. of the International Symposium on Information Processing in Sensor Networks, pages 360--369, 2007.
[7]
}}K. Kim, T. H. Chalidabhongse, D. Harwood, and L. Davis. Real-time foreground-background segmentation using codebook model. Real-time Imaging, 11(3):172--185, June 2005.
[8]
}}R. Kleihorst, A. Abbo, B. Schueler, and A. Danilin. Camera mote with a high-performance parallel processor for real-time frame-based video processing. In Proc. of the ACM/IEEE Int'l Conf. on Distributed Smart Cameras, pages 106--116, 2007.
[9]
}}P. Kulkarni, D. Ganesan, and P. Shenoy. The case for multi-tier camera sensor network. In Proc. of the ACM Workshop on Network and Operating System Support for Digital Audio and Video, 2005.
[10]
}}N. Oliver, B. Rosario, and A. Pentland. A bayesian computer vision system for modeling human interactions. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, pages 831--834, 2000.
[11]
}}M. Quaritsch, M. Kreuzthaler, B. Rinner, H. Bischof, and B. Strobl. Autonomous multicamera tracking on embedded smart cameras. EURASIP Journal on Embedded Systems, 92827:10, 2007.
[12]
}}M. Rahimi and et al. Cyclops: In situ image sensing and interpretation in wireless sensor networks. In Proc. of the Int'l Conf. on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems, pages 192--204, 2005.
[13]
}}B. Rinner, T. Winkler, W. Schriebl, M. Quaritsch, and W. Wolf. The evolution from single to pervasive smart cameras. In Proc. of the ACM/IEEE International Conf. on Distributed Smart Cameras, 2008.
[14]
}}B. Rinner and W. Wolf. An introduction to distributed smart cameras. Proceedings of the IEEE, 96(10):1565--1575, 2008.
[15]
}}A. Rowe, C. Rosenberg, and I. Nourbakhsh. A second generation low cost embedded color vision system. In Proc. of the IEEE Embedded Computer Vision Workshop in conjunction with IEEE Conf. on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, page 136, June 2005.
[16]
}}C. Stauffer and W. E. L. Grimson. Learning patterns of activity using real-time tracking. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 22(8):747--757, August 2000.
[17]
}}Y. Wang, M. Casares, and S. Velipasalar. Detection of composite events spanning multiple camera views with wireless embedded smart cameras. In Proc. of the ACM/IEEE International Conf. on Distributed Smart Cameras, 2009.
[18]
}}Y. Wang, S. Velipasalar, and M. Casares. Cooperative object tracking and composite event detection with wireless embedded smart cameras. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, page in press, 2010.
[19]
}}Z.-J. Yu, J.-M. Wei, and H.-T. Liu. Energy-efficient collaborative target tracking algorithm using cost-reference particle filtering in wireless acoustic sensor networks. The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications, 16:9--15, 2009.

Cited By

View all
  • (2018)Adaptive Methodologies for Energy-Efficient Object Detection and Tracking With Battery-Powered Embedded Smart CamerasIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology10.1109/TCSVT.2011.216276221:10(1438-1452)Online publication date: 31-Dec-2018
  • (2018)Image Processing Units on Ultra-low-cost Embedded HardwareJournal of Signal Processing Systems10.1007/s11265-017-1267-190:6(913-929)Online publication date: 27-Dec-2018

Recommendations

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
ICDSC '10: Proceedings of the Fourth ACM/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Smart Cameras
August 2010
252 pages
ISBN:9781450303170
DOI:10.1145/1865987
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 31 August 2010

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. battery-powered
  2. embedded
  3. energy efficiency
  4. smart camera

Qualifiers

  • Research-article

Funding Sources

Conference

ICDSC '10
Sponsor:
ICDSC '10: International Conference on Distributed Smart Cameras
August 31 - September 4, 2010
Georgia, Atlanta

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 92 of 117 submissions, 79%

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)2
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
Reflects downloads up to 20 Dec 2024

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2018)Adaptive Methodologies for Energy-Efficient Object Detection and Tracking With Battery-Powered Embedded Smart CamerasIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology10.1109/TCSVT.2011.216276221:10(1438-1452)Online publication date: 31-Dec-2018
  • (2018)Image Processing Units on Ultra-low-cost Embedded HardwareJournal of Signal Processing Systems10.1007/s11265-017-1267-190:6(913-929)Online publication date: 27-Dec-2018

View Options

Login options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media