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Douglas Carl Engelbart: Developing the Underlying Concepts for Contemporary Computing

Author:

Susan B. BarnesAuthors Info & Claims

IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Volume 19, Issue 3

Pages 16 - 26

https://doi.org/10.1109/85.601730

Published: 01 July 1997 Publication History

Abstract

Currently, the World Wide Web is the hottest topic in contemporary computing and popular culture. The Web's meteoric rise is difficult to escape notice. Web stories are plastered in the popular press, and advertisements now include cryptic strings of letters starting with “http://”, but what is missing from the current commercial descriptions of the Web is a discussion about the 30-year history of research and development that created the underlying technologies on which the Web is based. Much of this foundation was laid in the 1960s by Douglas Carl Engelbart. In 1968, at the ACM/IEEE-CS Fall Joint Computer Conference, Engelbart demonstrated his concept of “interactive computing” to a group of computer scientists, and this is now considered a seminal event in the history of computing. The technologies Engelbart originally presented included: windowed screen design, the user interface, hypertextual linking of documents, the mouse, collaborative computing and multimedia. His pioneering work in the 1960s influenced future generations of computer designers and developers. Almost 30 years after Engelbart's initial demonstration, many of his pioneering visions are now commonly found in personal computers and the developing World Wide Web

References

[1]

J. Eklund, Interviewer, transcript of a video history interview with D. Engelbart, Division of Computers, Information, & Society, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., May 4 1994.

[2]

V. Bush, "As We May Think," J.M. Nyce and P. Kahn, eds., From Memex to Hypertext: Vannevar Bush and the Mind's Machine. Boston: Academic Press, 1991, p. 102.

Digital Library

[3]

Ibid., p. 103.

[4]

R. Simpson A. Renear E. Mylonas and A. van Dam, "50 Years After 'As We May Think': The Brown/MIT Vannevar Bush Symposium," Interactions: New Vision of Human-Computer Interaction, vol. III. 2, pp. 47-67.

Digital Library

[5]

D.C. Engelbart, cited in H. Rheingold, Tools for Thought. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1985, p. 176.

[6]

D.C. Engelbart, cited in S. Ambron and K. Hooper, Interactive Multimedia. Redmond, Wash.: Microsoft Press, 1988, p. 19.

[7]

D.C. Engelbart, "A Conceptual Framework for the Augmentation of Man's Intellect," P.W. Howerton and D.C. Weeks, eds., Vistas in Information Handling, vol. 1. Washington, D.C.: Spartan Books, 1963, pp. 1-29.

[8]

See B.L. Whorf, Language Thought and Reality. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1956.

[9]

Engelbart, 1963.

[10]

Ibid., p. 14.

[11]

D.C. Engelbart, "The Augmented Knowledge Workshop," A. Goldberg, ed., A History of Personal Workstations. New York: ACM Press, 1988, pp. 187-232.

Digital Library

[12]

J.C.R. Licklider, "Man-Computer Symbiosis," IRE {IEEE} Trans. Human Factors in Electronics, March 1960, pp. 4-11. (Also reprinted in A. Goldberg, A History of the Personal Workstation.)

[13]

M. Campbell-Kelly and W. Aspray, Computer: A History of the Information Machine. New York: Basic Books, 1996, p. 213.

Digital Library

[14]

A.L. Norberg, "Changing Computing: The Computing Community and DARPA," IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 40-53, Summer 1996.

Digital Library

[15]

Engelbart, 1988.

[16]

T. Nelson, Computer Lib/Dream Machines. New York: Harper & Row, 1987, p. 17 (Dream Machines).

Digital Library

[17]

A. Maisel, interviewer, "Doug Engelbart: Father of the Mouse," SuperKids, 1996, available at http://www.superkids.com/aweb/ pages/features/mouse/mouse.html#top_of_page.

[18]

D.C. Engelbart, "Authorship Provisions in Augment," I. Greif, ed., Computer Supported Cooperative Work: A Book of Readings. San Mateo, Calif.: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc., 1988, pp. 107-126.

Digital Library

[19]

Engelbart, 1988.

[20]

Ibid., pp. 202-204.

[21]

D.K. Smith and R.C. Alexander, Fumbling the Future: How Xerox Invented, Then Ignored, the First Personal Computer. New York: William Morrow and Company Inc., 1988, p. 108.

Digital Library

[22]

D.C. Engelbart and H. Lehtman, "Working Together: The 'Human System' and the 'Tool System' Are Equally Important in Computer-Supported Cooperative Work," Byte, Nov. 1988, pp. 245-252.

Digital Library

[23]

D.C. Engelbart, "NLS Teleconferencing Features: The Journal, and Shared-Screen Telephoning," CompCon75 Digest, Sept. 9-11 1975, pp. 173-176. {IEEE catalog no. 75CH0988-6C.}

[24]

Ibid., section 8a.

[25]

Engelbart and Lehtman, 1988.

[26]

D.C. Engelbart, "Toward High-Performance Organizations: A Strategic Role for Groupware," Proc. GroupWare '92 Conf., San Jose, Calif., Aug. 3-5 1992. San Mateo, Calif.: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1992, pp. 77-100.

[27]

Engelbart, 1988.

[28]

P.F. Drucker, The Age of Discontinuity: Guidelines for Changing Our Society. New York: Harper and Row, 1969.

Cited By

Kurtenbach GBatty CReilly D(2018)A conversation with CHCCS 2018 achievement award winner Dr. Gordon KurtenbachProceedings of the 44th Graphics Interface Conference10.20380/GI2018.01(1-5)Online publication date: 1-Jun-2018
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.20380/GI2018.01
Lien JGillian NKaragozler MAmihood PSchwesig COlson ERaja HPoupyrev I(2016)SoliACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/2897824.292595335:4(1-19)Online publication date: 11-Jul-2016
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2897824.2925953
Barnes S(2007)Alan KayIEEE Annals of the History of Computing10.1109/MAHC.2007.1729:2(18-30)Online publication date: 1-Apr-2007
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/MAHC.2007.17
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cover image IEEE Annals of the History of Computing

IEEE Annals of the History of Computing Volume 19, Issue 3

July 1997

75 pages

ISSN:1058-6180

Issue’s Table of Contents

Copyright © Copyright © 1997 IEEE. All Rights Reserved.

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IEEE Educational Activities Department

United States

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Published: 01 July 1997

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Cited By

Kurtenbach GBatty CReilly D(2018)A conversation with CHCCS 2018 achievement award winner Dr. Gordon KurtenbachProceedings of the 44th Graphics Interface Conference10.20380/GI2018.01(1-5)Online publication date: 1-Jun-2018
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.20380/GI2018.01
Lien JGillian NKaragozler MAmihood PSchwesig COlson ERaja HPoupyrev I(2016)SoliACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/2897824.292595335:4(1-19)Online publication date: 11-Jul-2016
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2897824.2925953
Barnes S(2007)Alan KayIEEE Annals of the History of Computing10.1109/MAHC.2007.1729:2(18-30)Online publication date: 1-Apr-2007
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/MAHC.2007.17
Sandnes FTscheligi MBernhaupt RMihalic K(2005)Evaluating mobile text entry strategies with finite state automataProceedings of the 7th international conference on Human computer interaction with mobile devices & services10.1145/1085777.1085797(115-121)Online publication date: 19-Sep-2005
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/1085777.1085797

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