More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/

research-article

Towards a method for creating personas with knowledge and cognitive process for user centered design of a learning application

Authors:

Farshid Anvari,

Hien Minh Thi Tran,

Deborah Richards,

Michael HitchensAuthors Info & Claims

CHASE '19: Proceedings of the 12th International Workshop on Cooperative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering

Pages 123 - 130

https://doi.org/10.1109/CHASE.2019.00037

Published: 27 May 2019 Publication History

Abstract

Persona, an archetypical user, has been widely used in the IT industry and has been studied by numerous researchers in academia, with the benefits flowing back to industry in the form of trained graduates and better tools. User Centered Design methodology places the end users at the center of design of an application. In this paper, we present a methodology towards the design of a questionnaire for gathering data about knowledge and cognitive process which is used for creating personas for design of an online learning application for professionals and for teaching User Centered Design to students. We tested our personas and found that they represent the target end users for the design purposes. We also present data from two studies about users' learning approaches and requirements and compare these. In the first study, we present results of our survey with 20 professionals in an educational institution in Australia. In the second study, we present the results of a survey with 272 undergraduate Computing students at an Australian University. The knowledge presented in this paper is useful for the design of learning applications.

References

[1]

D. A. Norman, Emotional design: Why we love (or hate) everyday things. Basic Civitas Books, 2004.

[2]

D. A. Norman, "Cognitive engineering," User centered system design, pp. 31--61, 1986.

[3]

A. Cooper, The inmates are running the asylum: Why high-tech products drive us crazy and how to restore the sanity (New ed.). Sams Publishing, 2004.

Digital Library

[4]

F. Anvari, D. Richards, M. Hitchens, M. A. Babar, H. M. T. Tran, and P. Busch, "An empirical investigation of the influence of persona with personality traits on conceptual design," Journal of Systems and Software, vol. 134, no. Supplement C, pp. 324--339, 2017/12/01/ 2017.

Digital Library

[5]

F. Anvari and H. M. T. Tran, "Persona ontology for user centred design professionals," in Proceedings of the ICIME 4th International Conference on Information Management and Evaluation, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 2013, pp. 35--44.

[6]

F. Anvari and H. M. T. Tran, "Holistic Personas and Reflective Concepts for Software Engineers," in Proceedings of the 8th European Conference on IS Management and Evaluation: ECIME2014, Ghent, Belgium, 2014, pp. 20--28.

[7]

K. Goodwin, Designing for the digital age. Wiley, 2009.

Digital Library

[8]

H. M. T. Tran, F. Anvari, and D. Richards, "Holistic Personas for Designers of a Context-Aware Accounting Information Systems e-Learning Application," EAI Endorsed Trans. Context-aware Syst. & Appl., vol. 4, p. e4, 2018.

[9]

F. Anvari, D. Richards, M. Hitchens, and H. M. T. Tran, "Teaching User Centered Conceptual Design Using Cross-Cultural Personas and Peer Reviews for a Large Cohort of Students," in 2019 IEEE/ACM 41st IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering (in Press), 2019.

Digital Library

[10]

L. W. Anderson and D. R. Krathwohl, "A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing: A Revision of Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives, Abridged Edition," ed: New York: Longman, 2001.

[11]

J. Lu and D. Churchill, "The effect of social interaction on learning engagement in a social networking environment," Interactive Learning Environments, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 401--417, 2014/07/04 2014.

[12]

F. Marton and R. Säljö, "On qualitative differences in learning: I---Outcome and process," British journal of educational psychology, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 4--11, 1976.

[13]

J. Biggs, D. Kember, and D. Y. P. Leung, "The revised two-factor Study Process Questionnaire: R-SPQ-2F," British Journal of Educational Psychology, vol. 71, no. 1, pp. 133--149, 2001.

[14]

J. Biggs, "Approaches to learning in secondary and tertiary students in Hong Kong: Some comparative studies," Educational Research Journal, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 27--39, 1991.

[15]

N. Aharony, "The use of deep and surface learning strategies among students learning English as a foreign language in an Internet environment," British Journal of Educational Psychology, vol. 76, no. 4, pp. 851--866, 2006/12/01 2010.

[16]

R. E. Mayer, "Rote Versus Meaningful Learning," Theory Into Practice, vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 226--232, 2002.

[17]

J. Sweller, "Visualisation and instructional design," in Proceedings of the International Workshop on Dynamic Visualizations and Learning, 2002, pp. 1501--1510: Citeseer.

[18]

M. Roussou, A. Katifori, L. Pujol, M. Vayanou, and S. J. Rennick-Egglestone, "A life of their own: museum visitor personas penetrating the design lifecycle of a mobile experience," presented at the CHI '13 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Paris, France, 2013.

Digital Library

[19]

C. O'Leary, F. Mtenzi, and C. McAvinia, "Towards Reusable Personas for Everyday Design," presented at the Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Santa Clara, California, USA, 2016.

Digital Library

[20]

F. Anvari, "Effectiveness of Persona with Personality on Conceptual Design and Requirements," Master of Philosophy Empirical Computing, Macquarie University, Sydney, 2016.

[21]

F. Anvari and D. Richards, "Personas with knowledge and cognitive process: tools for teaching conceptual design," ed. Japan: Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems, 2018, pp. 1178--1191.

[22]

H. M. T. Tran, F. Anvari, and D. Richards, "Holistic Personas and the Five-Dimensional Framework to Assist Practitioners in Designing Context-Aware Accounting Information System e-Learning Applications," in Proceedings of 6th International Conference, ICCASA 2017, and 3rd International Conference, ICTCC 2017, Tam Ky, Vietnam, 2018, vol. 217, pp. 184--194: Springer International Publishing, Cham.

[23]

E. Winner, "The origins and ends of giftedness," American Psychologist, vol. 55, no. 1, p. 159, 2000.

[24]

F. Anvari, H. M. T. Tran, and M. Kavakli, "Using Cognitive Load Measurement and Spatial Ability Test to Identify Talented Students in Three-Dimensional Computer Graphics Programming," International Journal of Information and Education Technology, pp. 94--99, 2013.

[25]

F. Anvari and D. Richards, "A Method to Identify Talented Aspiring Designers in Use of Personas with Personality," in Evaluation of Novel Approaches to Software Engineering: 10th International Conference, ENASE 2015, Barcelona, Spain, April 29--30, 2015, Revised Selected Papers, A. L. Maciaszek and J. Filipe, Eds. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016, pp. 40--61.

[26]

H. Gardner, Multiple intelligences: New horizons. Basic books, 2006.

[27]

P. Tynjälä and P. Häkkinen, "E-learning at work: theoretical underpinnings and pedagogical challenges," Journal of Workplace Learning, vol. 17, no. 5/6, pp. 318--336, 2005.

[28]

D. A. Schön, The reflective practitioner: How professionals think in action. Basic books, 1983.

[29]

K. Moore and J. C. McElroy, "The influence of personality on Facebook usage, wall postings, and regret," Computers in Human Behavior, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 267--274, 2012.

Digital Library

[30]

R. N. Landers and J. W. Lounsbury, "An investigation of Big Five and narrow personality traits in relation to Internet usage," Computers in Human Behavior, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 283--293, 2006.

Digital Library

[31]

J. S. Brown, A. Collins, and P. Duguid, "Situated Cognition and the Culture of Learning," Educational Researcher, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 32--42, 1989.

[32]

J. A. Jaramillo, "Vygotsky's sociocultural theory and contributions to the development of constructivist curricula," Education, vol. 117, no. 1, p. 133, 1996.

[33]

S. Bannon, K. Ford, and L. Meltzer, "Understanding millennials in the workplace," The CPA Journal, vol. 81, no. 11, p. 61, 2011.

[34]

E. Wenger, "Communities of practice: A brief introduction," 2011.

[35]

S. Kalyuga, P. Ayres, P. Chandler, and J. Sweller, "The Expertise Reversal Effect," Educational Psychologist, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 23--31, 2003/03/01 2003.

[36]

S. Kuldas, L. Satyen, H. Ismail, and S. Hashim, "Greater cognitive effort for better learning: Tailoring an instructional design for learners with different levels of knowledge and motivation," Psychologica Belgica, vol. 54, no. 4, 2014.

[37]

N. Kock, "The three threats of action research: a discussion of methodological antidotes in the context of an information systems study," Decision Support Systems, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 265--286, 5// 2004.

Digital Library

[38]

P. W. Airasian, K. A. Cruikshank, R. E. Mayer, P. Pintrich, J. Raths, and M. C. Wittrock, "A taxonomy for learning, teaching, and assessing: A revision of Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives," Anderson LW and Krathwohl DR. New York: Addison Wesley Longmann, 2001.

[39]

E. L. Deci and R. Ryan, "Overview of self-determination theory: An organismic dialectical perspective," Handbook of self-determination research, pp. 3--33, 2002.

Cited By

Bhat MLong D(2024)Designing Interactive Explainable AI Tools for Algorithmic Literacy and TransparencyProceedings of the 2024 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference10.1145/3643834.3660722(939-957)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3643834.3660722
Bhat M(2024)Creative Explainable AI Tools to Understand Algorithmic Decision-MakingProceedings of the 16th Conference on Creativity & Cognition10.1145/3635636.3664622(10-16)Online publication date: 23-Jun-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3635636.3664622
Anvari FTran HRichards DErdogmus HMoreno A(2021)Effectiveness of peer review in teaching and learning user centered conceptual design among large cohorts of information technology studentsProceedings of the 43rd International Conference on Software Engineering: Joint Track on Software Engineering Education and Training10.1109/ICSE-SEET52601.2021.00016(66-77)Online publication date: 25-May-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/ICSE-SEET52601.2021.00016
Show More Cited By

Recommendations

Teaching user centered conceptual design using cross-cultural personas and peer reviews for a large cohort of students
ICSE-SEET '19: Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering Education and Training

It is important that Software Engineering and Information Technology students learn techniques to conceive solutions that are centered on the users. Users are often from many different cultures; hence an awareness of cultural differences is an important ...
An empirical investigation of the influence of persona with personality traits on conceptual design

Empirical investigation of influence of persona with personality on design.Conceptual design varied based on the personality of a persona.Personas with personality traits can be used to identify design features.Persona with personality reduces the need ...
Effectiveness of persona with personality traits on conceptual design
ICSE '15: Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Software Engineering - Volume 2

Conceptual design is an important skill in Software Engineering. Teaching conceptual design that can deliver a useful product is challenging, particularly when access to real users is limited. This study explores the effects of the use of Holistic ...

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

CHASE '19: Proceedings of the 12th International Workshop on Cooperative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering

May 2019

159 pages

Conference Chairs:
Yvonne Dittrich
IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark
,
Fabian Fagerholm
University of Helsinki, Finland, Blekinge Inst. of Technology, Sweden
,
Rashina Hoda
The University of Auckland, New Zealand
,
David Socha
University of Washington-Bothell
,
Igor Steinmacher
Northern Arizona University

Sponsors

SIGSOFT: ACM Special Interest Group on Software Engineering
IEEE-CS: Computer Society

Publisher

IEEE Press

Publication History

Published: 27 May 2019

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article

Conference

ICSE '19

Sponsor:

SIGSOFT
IEEE-CS

ICSE '19: 41st International Conference on Software Engineering

May 27, 2019

Quebec, Montreal, Canada

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 47 of 70 submissions, 67%

Upcoming Conference

ICSE 2025

2025 IEEE/ACM 46th International Conference on Software Engineering

April 26 - May 3, 2025

Ottawa , ON , Canada

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

4
Total Citations
View Citations
60
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)3
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0

Reflects downloads up to 13 Dec 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Bhat MLong D(2024)Designing Interactive Explainable AI Tools for Algorithmic Literacy and TransparencyProceedings of the 2024 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference10.1145/3643834.3660722(939-957)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3643834.3660722
Bhat M(2024)Creative Explainable AI Tools to Understand Algorithmic Decision-MakingProceedings of the 16th Conference on Creativity & Cognition10.1145/3635636.3664622(10-16)Online publication date: 23-Jun-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3635636.3664622
Anvari FTran HRichards DErdogmus HMoreno A(2021)Effectiveness of peer review in teaching and learning user centered conceptual design among large cohorts of information technology studentsProceedings of the 43rd International Conference on Software Engineering: Joint Track on Software Engineering Education and Training10.1109/ICSE-SEET52601.2021.00016(66-77)Online publication date: 25-May-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/ICSE-SEET52601.2021.00016
Petsani DKonstantinidis ECarroll JLombard-Vance RHopper LNikolaidou MDiaz-Orueta UKniejski WBamidis P(2020)Creating a Feedback Loop Between Persona Development and User Research Towards Better Technology AcceptanceHCI International 2020 - Late Breaking Papers: User Experience Design and Case Studies10.1007/978-3-030-60114-0_19(282-298)Online publication date: 19-Jul-2020
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/978-3-030-60114-0_19

View Options

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents