Experimental assessment of XOR-Masking data obfuscation based on K-Clique opaque constants
References
[1]
B. Abrath, B. Coppens, S. Volckaert, J. Wijnant, B. De Sutter, Tightly-coupled self-debugging software protection, Proceedings of the 6th Workshop on Software Security, Protection, and Reverse Engineering, ACM, 2016, p. 7.
[2]
B. Barak, O. Goldreich, R. Impagliazzo, S. Rudich, A. Sahai, S. Vadhan, K. Yang, On the (im) possibility of obfuscating programs, J. ACM (JACM) 59 (2) (2012) 6.
[3]
Cannell, J., 2013. Obfuscation: Malwares best friend.
[4]
M. Ceccato, P. Tonella, C. Basile, B. Coppens, B. De Sutter, P. Falcarin, M. Torchiano, How professional hackers understand protected code while performing attack tasks, 2017 IEEE/ACM 25th International Conference on Program Comprehension (ICPC), IEEE, 2017, pp. 154–164.
[5]
M. Ceccato, P. Tonella, C. Basile, P. Falcarin, M. Torchiano, B. Coppens, B. De Sutter, Understanding the behaviour of hackers while performing attack tasks in a professional setting and in a public challenge, Emp. Softw. Eng. 24 (1) (2019) 240–286.
[6]
C. Collberg, C. Thomborson, D. Low, A Taxonomy of Obfuscating Transformations, Technical Report 148, Dept. of Computer Science, The Univ. of Auckland, 1997.
[7]
C. Collberg, C. Thomborson, D. Low, Manufacturing cheap, resilient, and stealthy opaque constructs, Proceedings of the 25th ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT symposium on Principles of programming languages, ACM, 1998, pp. 184–196.
[8]
C.S. Collberg, C. Thomborson, Watermarking, tamper-proofing, and obfuscation: tools for software protection, IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng. 28 (2002) 735–746,.
[9]
P. Falcarin, C. Collberg, M. Atallah, M. Jakubowski, Guest editors’ introduction: software protection, Software, IEEE 28 (2) (2011) 24–27.
[10]
M.R. Garey, D.S. Johnson, Computers and intractability, 29, wh freeman New York, 2002.
[11]
S. Garg, C. Gentry, S. Halevi, M. Raykova, A. Sahai, B. Waters, Candidate indistinguishability obfuscation and functional encryption for all circuits, Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS), 2013 IEEE 54th Annual Symposium on, IEEE, 2013, pp. 40–49.
[12]
M.H. Jakubowski, C.W. Saw, R. Venkatesan, Iterated transformations and quantitative metrics for software protection., SECRYPT, 2009, pp. 359–368.
[13]
M. Karnick, J. MacBride, S. McGinnis, Y. Tang, R. Ramachandran, A qualitative analysis of java obfuscation, Proceedings of 10th IASTED International Conference on Software Engineering and Applications, Dallas TX, USA, 2006.
[14]
R.M. Karp, Complexity of Computer Computations: Proceedings of a symposium on the Complexity of Computer Computations, held March 20–22, 1972, at the IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York, and sponsored by the Office of Naval Research, Mathematics Program, IBM World Trade Corporation, and the IBM Research Mathematical Sciences Department, Springer US, Boston, MA, 1972, pp. 85–103.
[15]
A. Moser, C. Kruegel, E. Kirda, Limits of static analysis for malware detection, Computer security applications conference, 2007. ACSAC 2007. Twenty-third annual, IEEE, 2007, pp. 421–430.
[16]
J. Palsberg, S. Krishnaswamy, M. Kwon, D. Ma, Q. Shao, Y. Zhang, Experience with software watermarking, Proceedings 16th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC’00), IEEE, 2000, pp. 308–316.
[17]
G. Ramalingam, The undecidability of aliasing, ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst. (TOPLAS) 16 (5) (1994) 1467–1471.
[18]
B. Selman, D.G. Mitchell, H.J. Levesque, Generating hard satisfiability problems, Artif. Intell. 81 (1) (1996) 17–29.
[19]
I. Sutherland, G.E. Kalb, A. Blyth, G. Mulley, An empirical examination of the reverse engineering process for binary files, Computers & Security 25 (3) (2006) 221–228.
[20]
R. Tiella, M. Ceccato, Automatic generation of opaque constants based on the k-clique problem for resilient data obfuscation, 2017 IEEE 24th International Conference on Software Analysis, Evolution and Reengineering (SANER), IEEE, 2017, pp. 182–192.
[21]
S.K. Udupa, S.K. Debray, M. Madou, Deobfuscation: Reverse engineering obfuscated code, Proceedings of the 12th Working Conference on Reverse Engineering, IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC, USA, 2005, pp. 45–54,.
[22]
Z. Wang, J. Ming, C. Jia, D. Gao, Linear obfuscation to combat symbolic execution, Computer Security–ESORICS 2011, Springer, 2011, pp. 210–226.
[23]
G. Wroblewski, General Method of Program Code Obfuscation, Wroclaw University of Technology, Institute of Engineering Cybernetics, 2002., 2002, Ph.D. thesis.
[24]
D. Xu, J. Ming, D. Wu, Generalized dynamic opaque predicates: A new control flow obfuscation method, International Conference on Information Security, Springer, 2016, pp. 323–342.
[25]
C. Zarate, S.L. Garfinkel, A. Heffernan, K. Gorak, S. Horras, A Survey of XOR as a Digital Obfuscation Technique in a Corpus of Real Data, Technical Report, DTIC Document, 2014.
Index Terms
- Experimental assessment of XOR-Masking data obfuscation based on K-Clique opaque constants
Index terms have been assigned to the content through auto-classification.
Recommendations
Obfuscation: The Hidden Malware
A cyberwar exists between malware writers and antimalware researchers. At this war's heart rages a weapons race that originated in the 80s with the first computer virus. Obfuscation is one of the latest strategies to camouflage the telltale signs of ...
Malware Obfuscation through Evolutionary Packers
GECCO Companion '15: Proceedings of the Companion Publication of the 2015 Annual Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary ComputationA malicious botnet is a collection of compromised hosts coordinated by an external entity. The malicious software, or malware, that infect the systems are its basic units and they are responsible for its global behavior. Anti Virus software and ...
Malware Obfuscation Techniques: A Brief Survey
BWCCA '10: Proceedings of the 2010 International Conference on Broadband, Wireless Computing, Communication and ApplicationsAs the obfuscation is widely used by malware writers to evade antivirus scanners, so it becomes important to analyze how this technique is applied to malwares. This paper explores the malware obfuscation techniques while reviewing the encrypted, ...
Comments
Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.Information & Contributors
Information
Published In
Copyright © 2019.
Publisher
Elsevier Science Inc.
United States
Publication History
Published: 01 April 2020
Author Tags
Qualifiers
- Research-article
Contributors
Other Metrics
Bibliometrics & Citations
Bibliometrics
Article Metrics
- 0Total Citations
- 0Total Downloads
- Downloads (Last 12 months)0
- Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
Reflects downloads up to 21 Dec 2024