More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/

article

Global morphology of ionospheric F-layer scintillations using FS3/COSMIC GPS radio occultation data

Authors:

Lung-Chih Tsai,

Chao-Han LiuAuthors Info & Claims

GPS Solutions, Volume 21, Issue 3

Pages 1037 - 1048

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-016-0591-4

Published: 01 July 2017 Publication History

Abstract

We report on the FormoSat-3/Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate (FS3/COSMIC) limb-viewing observations of GPS L-band scintillations since mid-2006 and propose to study global F-layer irregularity morphology. The FS3/COSMIC has generally performed more than 1000 ionospheric radio occultation (RO) observations per day. We reprocess 1-Hz amplitude data and obtain complete limb-viewing profiles of the undersampling (sampling frequency lower than Fresnel frequency) S4 scintillation index from about 80% of the RO observations. There are a few percent of FS3/COSMIC RO observations having greater than 0.09 undersampling S4max values on average. However, seven identified areas, Central Pacific Area (ź20° to 20° dip latitude, 160°E---130°W), South American Area (ź20° to 20° dip latitude, 100°W---30°W), African Area (ź20° to 20° dip latitude, 30°W---50°E), European Area (30°---55°N, 0°---55°E), Japan Sea Area (35°---55°N, 120°---150°E), Arctic Area (>65° dip latitude), and Antarctic Area (<ź65° dip latitude), have been designated to have a much higher percentage of strong limb-viewing L-band scintillations. During the years in most of the last sunspot cycle from mid-2006 to the end 2014, the scintillation climatology, namely, its variations with each identified area, season, local time, magnetic activity, and solar activity, have been documented.

References

[1]

Aarons J (1982) Global morphology of ionospheric scintillations. Proc IEEE 70:360-378.

[2]

Basu S, Basu Sa (1985) Equatorial scintillations: advances since ISEA-6. J Atmos Terr Phys 47:753-768.

[3]

Basu S, MacKenzie E, Basu S (1988) Ionospheric constraints on VHF/UHF communications links during solar maximum and minimum periods. Radio Sci 23(3):363-378.

[4]

Basu S et al (1996) Scintillations, plasma drifts, and neutral winds in equatorial ionosphere after sunset. J Geophys Res 101:26795-26809.

[5]

Basu S, Groves KM, Basu S, Sultan PJ (2002) Specification and forecasting of scintillations in communication/navigation links: current status and future plans. J Atmos Sol Terr Phys 64:1745-1754.

[6]

Brahmanandam PS, Uma G, Liu JY, Chu YH, Latha Devi NSMP, Kakinami Y (2012) Global S4 index variations observed using FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC GPS RO technique during a solar minimumyear. J Geophys Res 117:A09322.

[7]

Carter BA, Zhang K, Norman R, Kumar VV, Kumar S (2013) On the occurrence of equatorial F-region irregularities during solar minimum using radio occultation measurements. J Geophys Res 118:892-904.

[8]

Coker C, Hunsucker R, Lott G (1995) Detection of auroral activity using GPS satellites. Geophys Res Lett 22:3259-3262.

[9]

Dymond KF (2012) Global observations of L band scintillation at solar minimum made by COSMIC. Radio Sci 47:RS0L18.

[10]

Evans JV, Holt JM, Wand RH (1983) A differential-Doppler study of travelling ionospheric disturbances from Millstone Hill. Radio Sci 18:435-451.

[11]

Gorbunov ME, Gurvich AS, Shmakov AV (2002) Back-propagation and radio-holographic methods for investigation of sporadic ionospheric E-layers from Microlab-1 data. J Remote Sens, Int.

[12]

Hajj GA, Lee LC, Pi X, Romans LJ, Schreiner WS, Straus PR, Wang C (2000) COSMIC GPS ionospheric sensing and space weather. Terr Atmos Ocean Sci 11(1):235-272.

[13]

Hei MA, Heelis RA, McClure JP (2005) Seasonal and longitudinal variation of large-scale topside equatorial plasma depletions. J Geophys Res 110:A12315.

[14]

Hocke K, Tsuda T (2001) Gravity waves and ionospheric irregularities over tropical convection zones observed by GPS/MET radio occultation. Geophys Res Lett 28(14):2815-2818.

[15]

Ishimaru A (1978) Wave propagation and scattering in random media. Academic Press, New York.

[16]

Kelley MC (2009) The earth ionosphere: plasma physics and electrodynamics, 2nd edn. Elsevier, Amsterdam.

[17]

Ko CP, Yeh HC (2010) COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3 observations of equatorial F region irregularities in the SAA longitude sector. J Geophys Res 115:A11309.

[18]

Kursinski ER, Hajj GA, Schofield JT, Linfield RP, Hardy KR (1997) Observing Earth's atmosphere with radio occultation measurements using the Global Positioning System. J Geophys Res 102:23429-23465.

[19]

Makela JJ, Kelley MC, Sojka JJ, Pi X, Mannucci AJ (2001) GPS normalization of and preliminary modeling results of total electron content during a midlatitude space weather event. Radio Sci 36(2):351-361.

[20]

Ott E (1978) Theory of Rayleigh-Taylor bubbles in the equatorial ionosphere. J Geophys Res 83(A5):2066-2070.

[21]

Rino CL (2011) The theory of scintillation with applications in remote sensing. Wiley, Hoboken.

[22]

Rocken C, Kuo Y-H, Schreiner W, Hunt D, Sokolovskiy S, McCormick C (2000) COSMIC system description. Terr Atmos Ocean Sci 11(1):21-52.

[23]

Schreiner WS, Sokolovskiy SV, Rocken C, Hunt DC (1999) Analysis and validation of GPS/MET radio occultation data in the ionosphere. Radio Sci 34(4):949-966.

[24]

Singleton DG (1974) Power spectra of ionospheric scintillations. J Atmos Terr Phys 36:113-133.

[25]

Sokolovskiy SV (2000) Inversions of radio occultation amplitude data. Radio Sci 35(1):97-105.

[26]

Su S-Y, Chung-Lung W, Liu C-H (2014) Correlation between the global occurrences of ionospheric irregularities and deep atmospheric convective clouds in the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). Earth Planets Space 66:134-141.

[27]

Sultan PJ (1996) Linear theory and modelling of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability leading to the occurrence of equatorial spread-F. J Geophys Res 101(26):875.

[28]

Syndergaard S (2006) COSMIC S4 data, from the website: http://cdaac-www.cosmic.ucar.edu/cdaac/doc/documents/s4_description.pdf

[29]

Tsai L-C, Kevin Chang K, Liu CH (2011) GPS radio occultation measurements on ionospheric electron density from low Earth orbit. J Geodesy.

[30]

Uma G, Liu JY, Chen SP, Sun YY, Brahmanandam PS, Lin CH (2012) A comparison of the equatorial spread F derived by the International Reference Ionosphere and the S4 index observed by FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC during the solar minimum period of 2007-2009. Earth Planets Space 64:467-471.

[31]

Vorob'ev VV, Gurvich AS, Kan V, Sokolovskiy SV, Fedorova OV, Shmakov AV (1999) Structure of the ionosphere based on radio occultation data from GPS "Microlab-1'' satellites: preliminary results. Earth Obs Remote Sens 15:609-622.

[32]

Ware R, Exner M, Feng D, Gorbunov M, Hardy K, Melbourne W, Rocken C, Schreiner W, Sokolovsky S, Solheim F, Zou X, Anthes AR, Businger S, Trenberth K (1996) GPS soundings of the atmosphere from low earth orbit: preliminary results. Bull Am Meteor Soc 77:19-40.

[33]

Weber EJ, Klobuchar JA, Buchau J, Carlson HC Jr, Livingston RC, de la Beaujardiere O, McCready M, Moore JG, Bishop GJ (1986) Polar cap F-layer patches: structure and dynamics. J Geophys Res 91:12121-12129.

[34]

Yeh KC, Liu CH (1982) Radio wave scintillations in the ionosphere. Proc IEEE 70:324-360.

Cited By

Tian YWang XSun YDu QBai WCai YWang DWu C(2020)Error analysis on ionospheric scintillation index S4 measured by GNSS receiverGPS Solutions10.1007/s10291-020-00987-y24:3Online publication date: 7-May-2020
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/s10291-020-00987-y
Bai WSun YXia JTan GCheng CYang GDu QWang XZhao DTian YZhang XLiao MLiu YMeng XLiu CCai YWang D(2019)Validation results of maximum S4 index in F-layer derived from GNOS on FY3C satelliteGPS Solutions10.1007/s10291-018-0807-x23:1(1-14)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2019
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/s10291-018-0807-x

Recommendations

Global morphology of ionospheric sporadic E layer from the FormoSat-3/COSMIC GPS radio occultation experiment

Ionospheric sporadic-E (Es) activity and global morphology were studied using the 50 Hz signal-to-noise ratio amplitude and excess phase measurements from the FormoSat-3/Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate (FS3/COSMIC) ...
Ionospheric F-layer global scintillation index variation using COSMIC during the period of 2007---2013

The three-dimensional global morphology and seasonal characteristics of the ionospheric scintillation index of the F-layer between 150 and 550 km altitudes are analyzed using the GPS radio occultation measurements from the Constellation Observing System ...
Validation results of maximum S4 index in F-layer derived from GNOS on FY3C satellite

The first Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Occultation Sounder (GNOS) compatible with both BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) and Global Positioning System was successfully launched into orbit on September 23, 2013, which was mounted on ...

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image GPS Solutions

GPS Solutions Volume 21, Issue 3

July 2017

560 pages

ISSN:1080-5370

Issue’s Table of Contents

Copyright © Copyright © 2017 Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany.

Publisher

Springer-Verlag

Berlin, Heidelberg

Publication History

Published: 01 July 2017

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Article

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

2
Total Citations
View Citations
0
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)0
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0

Reflects downloads up to 26 Dec 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Tian YWang XSun YDu QBai WCai YWang DWu C(2020)Error analysis on ionospheric scintillation index S4 measured by GNSS receiverGPS Solutions10.1007/s10291-020-00987-y24:3Online publication date: 7-May-2020
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/s10291-020-00987-y
Bai WSun YXia JTan GCheng CYang GDu QWang XZhao DTian YZhang XLiao MLiu YMeng XLiu CCai YWang D(2019)Validation results of maximum S4 index in F-layer derived from GNOS on FY3C satelliteGPS Solutions10.1007/s10291-018-0807-x23:1(1-14)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2019
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/s10291-018-0807-x

View Options

View options

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Issue’s Table of Contents