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Philosophical foundations of AI

Authors:

Dermot FurlongAuthors Info & Claims

50 years of artificial intelligence: essays dedicated to the 50th anniversary of artificial intelligence

January 2007

Pages 53 - 62

Published: 01 January 2007 Publication History

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence was born in 1956 as the off-spring of the newly-created cognitivist paradigm of cognition. As such, it inherited a strong philosophical legacy of functionalism, dualism, and positivism. This legacy found its strongest statement some 20 years later in the physical symbol systems hypothesis, a conjecture that deeply influenced the evolution of AI in subsequent years. Recent history has seen a swing away from the functionalism of classical AI toward an alternative position that re-asserts the primacy of embodiment, development, interaction, and, more recently, emotion in cognitive systems, focussing now more than ever on enactive models of cognition. Arguably, this swing represents a true paradigm shift in our thinking. However, the philosophical foundations of these approaches -- phenomenology -- entail some far-reaching ontological and epistemological commitments regarding the nature of a cognitive system, its reality, and the role of its interaction with its environment. The goal of this paper is to draw out the full philosophical implications of the phenomenological position that underpins the current paradigm shift towards enactive cognition.

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Cited By

Froese TZiemke T(2009)Enactive artificial intelligenceArtificial Intelligence10.1016/j.artint.2008.12.001173:3-4(466-500)Online publication date: 1-Mar-2009
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.artint.2008.12.001
Lungarella MIida FBongard JPfeifer R(2007)AI in the 21st century - with historical reflections50 years of artificial intelligence10.5555/1806115.1806117(1-8)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2007
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/1806115.1806117

Philosophical foundations of AI
1. Computing methodologies

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Published In

cover image Guide books

50 years of artificial intelligence: essays dedicated to the 50th anniversary of artificial intelligence

January 2007

398 pages

ISBN:3540772952

Editors:
Max Lungarella
University of Zurich, Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Zurich, Switzerland
,
Rolf Pfeifer
University of Zurich, Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Zurich, Switzerland
,
Fumiya Iida
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Robot Locomotion Group Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Cambridge, MA
,
Josh Bongard
University of Vermont, Department of Computer Science, Burlington, VT

Publisher

Springer-Verlag

Berlin, Heidelberg

Publication History

Published: 01 January 2007

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Cited By

Froese TZiemke T(2009)Enactive artificial intelligenceArtificial Intelligence10.1016/j.artint.2008.12.001173:3-4(466-500)Online publication date: 1-Mar-2009
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.artint.2008.12.001
Lungarella MIida FBongard JPfeifer R(2007)AI in the 21st century - with historical reflections50 years of artificial intelligence10.5555/1806115.1806117(1-8)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2007
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/1806115.1806117

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