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Article

Online response time optimization of Apache web server

Authors:

Steven Froehlich,

Joseph L. Hellerstein,

Sujay ParekhAuthors Info & Claims

IWQoS'03: Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Quality of service

Pages 461 - 478

Published: 02 June 2003 Publication History

Abstract

Properly optimizing the setting of configuration parameters can greatly improve performance, especially in the presence of changing workloads. This paper explores approaches to online optimization of the Apache web server, focusing on the MaxClients parameter (which controls the maximum number of workers). Using both empirical and analytic techniques, we show that MaxClients has a concave upward effect on response time and hence hill climbing techniques can be used to find the optimal value of MaxClients. We investigate two optimizers that employ hill climbing--one based on Newton's Method and the second based on fuzzy control. A third technique is a heuristic that exploits relationships between bottleneck utilizations and response time minimization. In all cases, online optimization reduces response times by a factor of 10 or more compared to using a static, default value. The trade-offs between the online schemes are as follows. Newton's method is well known but does not produce consistent results for highly variable data such as response times. Fuzzy control is more robust, but converges slowly. The heuristic works well in our prototype system, but it may be difficult to generalize because it requires knowledge of bottleneck resources and an ability to measure their utilizations.

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Gonen BGunduz GYuksel M(2015)Automated network management and configuration using Probabilistic Trans-Algorithmic SearchComputer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking10.1016/j.comnet.2014.11.01376:C(275-293)Online publication date: 15-Jan-2015
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Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

IWQoS'03: Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Quality of service

June 2003

516 pages

ISBN:3540402810

Editors:
Kevin Jeffay
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Computer Science, Chapel Hill, NC
,
Ion Stoica
University of California at Berkeley, Computer Science Division, EECS Department, Berkeley, CA
,
Klaus Wehrle
International Computer Science Institute, Center for Internet Research, Berkeley, CA

Sponsors

NSF: National Science Foundation
SIGCOMM: ACM Special Interest Group on Data Communication
SIGMOBILE: ACM Special Interest Group on Mobility of Systems, Users, Data and Computing
IEEE Communications Society
IFIP WG 6.1: IFIP WG 6.1

Publisher

Springer-Verlag

Berlin, Heidelberg

Publication History

Published: 02 June 2003

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Cited By

Gonen BGunduz GYuksel M(2015)Automated network management and configuration using Probabilistic Trans-Algorithmic SearchComputer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking10.1016/j.comnet.2014.11.01376:C(275-293)Online publication date: 15-Jan-2015
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.comnet.2014.11.013
Maji AMitra SZhou BBagchi SVerma ARéveillère LCherkasova LTaïani F(2014)Mitigating interference in cloud services by middleware reconfigurationProceedings of the 15th International Middleware Conference10.1145/2663165.2663330(277-288)Online publication date: 8-Dec-2014
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2663165.2663330
Lama PZhou X(2013)Autonomic Provisioning with Self-Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Control for Percentile-Based Delay GuaranteeACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems10.1145/2491465.24914688:2(1-31)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2013
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2491465.2491468
Yang S(2011)Research on resource allocation for multi-tier web applications in a virtualization environmentFrontiers of Computer Science in China10.1007/s11704-011-0127-65:4(506-512)Online publication date: 1-Dec-2011
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/s11704-011-0127-6
Chen BPeng XZhao WYang FMei HLv J(2009)Towards runtime optimization of software quality based on feedback control theoryProceedings of the First Asia-Pacific Symposium on Internetware10.1145/1640206.1640216(1-8)Online publication date: 17-Oct-2009
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/1640206.1640216
Rao JBu XXu CWang LYin GDobson SStrassner JParashar MShehory O(2009)VCONFProceedings of the 6th international conference on Autonomic computing10.1145/1555228.1555263(137-146)Online publication date: 15-Jun-2009
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/1555228.1555263
Samolej SSzmuc T(2009)HTCPNs---Based modelling and evaluation of dynamic computer cluster reconfigurationProceedings of the 4th IFIP TC 2 Central and East European conference on Advances in Software Engineering Techniques10.1007/978-3-642-28038-2_8(97-108)Online publication date: 12-Oct-2009
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/978-3-642-28038-2_8
Samolej SSzmuc T(2008)HTCPNsProceedings of the Third IFIP TC 2 Central and East European conference on Software engineering techniques10.5555/2040660.2040674(131-142)Online publication date: 13-Oct-2008
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/2040660.2040674
Litoiu MMihaescu MIonescu DSolomon BKontogiannis KLewis GLitoiu MSmith D(2008)Scalable adaptive web servicesProceedings of the 2nd international workshop on Systems development in SOA environments10.1145/1370916.1370928(47-52)Online publication date: 11-May-2008
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/1370916.1370928
Mehta AGupta CDayal UMouaddib NValduriez PKemper ABouzeghoub MMarkl VAmsaleg LManolescu ITeubner J(2008)BI batch managerProceedings of the 11th international conference on Extending database technology: Advances in database technology10.1145/1353343.1353420(640-651)Online publication date: 25-Mar-2008
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