More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/

article

Raising Consent Awareness With Gamification and Knowledge Graphs: : An Automotive Use Case

Authors:

Sven Carsten Rasmusen,

Stephanie Widauer,

Anelia Kurteva,

Antonio Roa-Valverde,

Anna FenselAuthors Info & Claims

International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS), Volume 18, Issue 1

Pages 1 - 21

https://doi.org/10.4018/IJSWIS.300820

Published: 03 June 2022 Publication History

Abstract

Consent is one of GDPR’s lawful bases for data processing and specific requirements for it apply. Consent should be specific, unambiguous and most of all informed. However, an informed consent request does not guarantee having individuals who are aware of what it means to consent and the implications that follow. Consent is often given blindly now, in particular because of information overload from long privacy policies written in legal language and complex interface designs that cause consent fatigue on the users' side. This paper presents a knowledge graph-based user interface for consent solicitation, which uses gamification to raise the legal awareness and ease individual’s comprehension of consent. The knowledge graph models informed consent in a machine-readable format and provides a unified consent model to all entities involved in the data sharing process. The evaluation shows that with the help of gamification, the interface can raise individuals' average legal awareness to 92.86%.

References

[1]

AnguloJ.Fischer-HübnerS.PullsT.WästlundE. (2015). Usable transparency with the data track: A tool for visualizing data disclosures. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1803–1808. 10.1145/2702613.2732701

Digital Library

[2]

Bechmann, A. (2014). Non-Informed Consent Cultures: Privacy Policies and App Contracts on Facebook. Journal of Media Business Studies, 11(1), 21–38.

[3]

Bless, C., Dötliner, L., Kaltschmid, M., Reiter, M., Kurteva, A., Roa-Valverde, A., & Fensel, A. (2021). Raising Awareness of Data Sharing Consent Through Knowledge Graph Visualisation. In Further with Knowledge Graphs (Vol. 53, pp. 44–57). IOS Press.

[4]

Böckle, M., & Yeboah-Antwi, K. (2019). Designing at the intersection of gamification and persuasive technology to incentivize energy-saving. In I3E 2019: Digital Transformation for a Sustainable Society in the 21st Century (Vol. 11701, pp. 316–328). Springer International Publishing.

[5]

Bretzke, H., & Vassileva, J. (2003). Motivating cooperation on peer to peer networks. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on User Modeling (pp. 218–227). Springer. 10.1007/3-540-44963-9_30

[6]

Brookhaven National Laboratory. (2017). Visualizing scientific big data in informative and interactive ways. https://phys.org/news/2017-04-visualizing-scientific-big-interactive-ways.html

[7]

Byrne, D., Napier, A., & Cuschieri, A. (1988). How informed is signed consent? British Medical Journal, 296(6625), 839–840. 3130937.

[8]

CarrascosaJ. M.MikiansJ.CuevasR.ErramilliV.LaoutarisN. (2015). I always feel like somebody’s watching me: Measuring online behavioural advertising. In Proceedings of the 11th ACM Conference on Emerging Networking Experiments and Technologies (pp. 1–13). Association for Computing Machinery. 10.1145/2716281.2836098

Digital Library

[9]

CheongC.CheongF.FilippouJ. (2013). Quick quiz: A gamified approach for enhancing learning. Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems.

[10]

Clark, R., & Mayer, R. (2016). e-Learning and the Science of Instruction: Proven Guidelines for Consumers and Designers of Multimedia Learning (4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons Inc.

[11]

DeterdingS.DixonD.KhaledR.NackeL. (2011a). From game design elements to gamefulness: Defining gamification. In Proceedings of the 15th International Academic MindTrek Conference: Envisioning Future Media Environments (vol. 11, pp. 9–15). Association for Computing Machinery. 10.1145/2181037.2181040

[12]

Deterding, S., Sicart, M., Nacke, L., O’Hara, K., & Dixon, D. (2011b). Gamification. Using game-design elements in non-gaming contexts. In CHI ’11 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 2425–2428). Association for Computing Machinery.

[13]

Drozd, O., & Kirrane, S. (2019). I agree: Customize your personal data processing with the core user interface. In Trust, Privacy and Security in Digital Business (pp. 17–32). Springer International Publishing.

Digital Library

[14]

Drozd, O., & Kirrane, S. (2020). Privacy cure: Consent comprehension made easy. In Hölbl, M., Rannenberg, K., & Welzer, T. (Eds.), ICT Systems Security and Privacy Protection (pp. 124–139). Springer International Publishing.

[15]

EbertN.AckermannK. A.SchepplerB. (2021). Bolder is better: Raising user awareness through salient and concise privacy notices. In Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1-12). Association for Computing Machinery. 10.1145/3411764.3445516

Digital Library

[16]

EickhoffC.HarrisC. G.de VriesA. P.SrinivasanP. (2012). Quality throughflow and immersion: Gamifying crowdsourced relevance assessments. In Proceedings of the 35th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (pp. 871-880). Association for Computing Machinery.

Digital Library

[17]

ElbayoudiA.LotfiA.LangensiepenC.AppiahK. (2016). Determining behavioural trends in an ambient intelligence environment. In Proceedings of the 9th ACM International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments (pp. 1-8). Association for Computing Machinery. 10.1145/2910674.2935834

[18]

Ericsson, K.A. (1988). Concurrent verbal reports on text comprehension: A review. Text - Interdisciplinary Journal for the Study of Discourse, 8(4), 295–326.

[19]

FarzanR.DiMiccoJ.MillenD. R.BrownholtzB.GeyerW.DuganC. (2008). When the experiment is over: Deploying an incentive system to all the users. Symposium on Persuasive Technology.

[20]

Festinger, L. (1957). A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance. Stanford University Press.

[21]

Fiske, S., Gilbert, D. T., & Lindzey, G. (2010). Handbook of Social Psychology (5th ed., Vol. 1). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

[22]

Fotopoulou, E., Zafeiropoulos, A., Terroso-Sáenz, F., Şimşek, U., González-Vidal, A., Tsiolis, G., Gouvas, P., Liapis, P., Fensel, A., & Skarmeta, A. (2017). Providing personalized energy management and awareness services for energy efficiency in smart buildings. Sensors (Basel), 17(9), 2054. 28880227.

[23]

Gross, B. M. (1965). The managing of organizations: The administrative struggle. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 360, 197–198.

[24]

Guarino, N., Oberle, D., & Staab, S. (2009). What is an ontology? In Handbook on Ontologies (pp. 1–17). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

[25]

HamariJ.KoivistoJ.SarsaH. (2014). Does gamification work? – a literature review of empirical studies on gamification. Proceedings of the 47th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (pp. 3025–3034). IEEE Computer Society. 10.1109/HICSS.2014.377

[26]

Herrera, J. L., Berrocal, J., & Garcia-Alonso, J. (2021). Personal Data Gentrification. Academic Press.

[27]

Hodgetts, D., Drew, N., Sonn, C. C., Stolte, O., Nikora, L., & Curtis, C. (2020). Social Psychology and Everyday Life. Red Globe Press.

[28]

HosseiniC.HaddaraM. (2020). Gamification in enterprise systems: A literature review. In: Proceedings of the Future Technologies Conference (FTC) 2019 (pp. 552–562). Springer International Publishing. 10.1007/978-3-030-32523-7_39

[29]

Irby, C., Bergsteinsson, L., Moran, T., Newman, W., & Tesler, L. (1977). A methodology for user interface design. Systems Development Division, Xerox Corporation.

[30]

Janowicz, K., Haller, A., Cox, S. J., Le-Phuoc, D., & Lefrançois, M. (2019). SOSA: A Lightweight Ontology for Sensors, Observations, Samples, and Actuators. Journal of Web Semantics, 56, 1–10.

Digital Library

[31]

Jaworska, J., & Sydow, M. (2008). Behavioural targeting in on-line advertising: An empirical study. In Web Information Systems Engineering - WISE 2008 (pp. 62–76). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

Digital Library

[32]

Joergensen, R. F. (2014). The unbearable lightness of user consent (Vol. 3). Internet Policy Review.

[33]

Kurteva, A., Chhetri, T. R., Pandit, H. J., & Fensel, A. (2021). Consent through the lens of semantics: State of the art survey and best practices. Semantic Web, 1-27.

[34]

Kurteva, A., & de Ribaupierre, H. (2021). Interface to query and visualise definitions from a knowledge base. In Brambilla, M., Chbeir, R., Frasincar, F., & Manolescu, I. (Eds.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science: Vol. 12706. Web Engineering. ICWE 2021. Springer.

Digital Library

[35]

LeeM. K.KieslerS.ForlizziJ. (2011). Mining behavioral economics to design persuasive technology for healthy choices. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 325–334). Association for Computing Machinery. 10.1145/1978942.1978989

Digital Library

[36]

Marczewski, A. (2015). Gamification mechanics and elements. In Even Ninja Monkeys Like to Play: Gamification, Game Thinking & Motivational Design (pp. 165–177). CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.

[37]

Marwick, A. E., & Hargittai, E. (2019). Nothing to hide, nothing to lose? Incentives and disincentives to sharing information with institutions online. Information Communication and Society, 22(12), 1697–1713.

[38]

MatteC.BielovaN.SantosC. (2020). Do cookie banners respect my choice? Measuring Legal Compliance of Banners from IAB Europe’s Transparency and Consent Framework. In 2020 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (pp. 791–809). 10.1109/SP40000.2020.00076

[39]

McDonald, A.M., Cranor, L.F. (2008). The cost of reading privacy policies. A Journal of Law and Policy for the Information Society, 4(3), 543–568.

[40]

McStay, A. (2013). I consent: An analysis of the cookie directive and its implications for UK behavioral advertising. New Media & Society, 15(4), 596–611.

[41]

Nielsen, J. (1992). The usability engineering life cycle. IEEE Computer, 25(3), 12–22.

Digital Library

[42]

Nouwens, M., Liccardi, I., Veale, M., Karger, D., & Kagal, L. (2020). Dark Patterns after the GDPR: Scraping Consent Pop-Ups and Demonstrating Their Influence. In Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1–13). Association for Computing Machinery. 10.1145/3313831.3376321

Digital Library

[43]

Rodrigues, L., Toda, A., Oliveira, W., Palomino, P., Vassileva, J., Isotani, S. (2021). Automating Gamification Personalization: To the User and Beyond. ArXiv abs/2101.05718.

[44]

Rodríguez, N., Cuéllar, M. P., Lilius, J., & Delgado, M. (2013). A survey on ontologies for human behavior recognition. ACM Computing Surveys, 46(4), 1–33.

Digital Library

[45]

Seaborn, K., & Fels, D. I. (2015). Gamification in theory and action: A survey. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 74, 14–31.

Digital Library

[46]

ŞimşekU.FenselA.ZafeiropoulosA.FotopoulouE.LiapisP.BourasT.SaenzF. T.GómezA. F. S. (2016). A semantic approach towards implementing energy efficient lifestyles through behavioural change. In Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Semantic Systems (pp. 173–176). Association for Computing Machinery. 10.1145/2993318.2993346

Digital Library

[47]

StaianoJ.OliverN.LepriB.de OliveiraR.CaravielloM.SebeN. (2014). Money Walks: A Human-Centric Study on the Economics of Personal Mobile Data. In Proceedings of the 2014 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (pp. 583–594). Association for Computing Machinery. 10.1145/2632048.2632074

Digital Library

[48]

Štreimikienė, D. (2014). Residential energy consumption trends, main drivers and policies in Lithuania. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 35, 285–293.

[49]

Taye, M. M. (2010). Understanding Semantic Web and Ontologies: Theory and Applications. Journal of Computing, 2.

[50]

TondelloG. F.WehbeR. R.DiamondL.BuschM.MarczewskiA.NackeL. E. (2016). The gamification user types hexad scale. In Proceedings of the 2016 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (pp. 229–243). Association for Computing Machinery. 10.1145/2967934.2968082

Digital Library

[51]

Uschold, M., & Grüninger, M. (1996). Ontologies: Principles, methods and applications. The Knowledge Engineering Review, 11(2), 93–136.

[52]

UtzC.DegelingM.FahlS.SchaubF.HolzT. (2019). (Un)informed Consent: Studying GDPR Consent Notices in the Field. In Proceedings of the 2019 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security (pp.973–990). 10.1145/3319535.3354212

Digital Library

[53]

Vassileva, J. (2012). Motivating participation in social computing applications: A user modeling perspective. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction, 22(1-2), 177–201.

Digital Library

[54]

Wszalek, J. (2017). Ethical and Legal Concerns Associated With the Comprehension of Legal Language and Concepts. AJOB Neuroscience, 8(1), 26–36. 30918742.

[55]

Yablonski, J. (2020). Laws of UX: Using Psychology to Design Better Products & Services. O’Reilly Media Inc.

[56]

Zuiderveen Borgesius, F. J. (2016). Singling out people without knowing their names – Behavioural targeting, pseudonymous data, and the new Data Protection Regulation. Computer Law & Security Review, 32(2), 256–271.

Cited By

Zhou WJumahong HCui RWu YJing CLin L(2024)Predicting Stock Trends Using Web Semantics and Feature FusionInternational Journal on Semantic Web & Information Systems10.4018/IJSWIS.34637820:1(1-25)Online publication date: 30-Jul-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.4018/IJSWIS.346378
Hu JYao YGao Y(2024)Stability Analysis of EPC Consortium Cooperation Based on Evolutionary GameInternational Journal on Semantic Web & Information Systems10.4018/IJSWIS.33900120:1(1-24)Online publication date: 9-Apr-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.4018/IJSWIS.339001
Zhang Y(2023)Analysis on the Development Strategy of Hainan's Sports Tourism Informatization in the Digital EraInternational Journal on Semantic Web & Information Systems10.4018/IJSWIS.32578819:1(1-18)Online publication date: 11-Jul-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.4018/IJSWIS.325788
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Raising Consent Awareness With Gamification and Knowledge Graphs: An Automotive Use Case
1. Software and its engineering
  1. Software organization and properties
    1. Contextual software domains

Index terms have been assigned to the content through auto-classification.

Recommendations

Implementing Informed Consent with Knowledge Graphs
The Semantic Web: ESWC 2021 Satellite Events
Abstract
The GDPR legislation has brought to light one’s rights and has highlighted the importance of consent, which has caused a major shift in how data processing and sharing are handled. Data sharing has been a popular research topic for many years, ...
Raising Security Awareness on Mobile Systems through Gamification
EICC '20: Proceedings of the 2020 European Interdisciplinary Cybersecurity Conference

Smartphones are more and more included into our personal and business environment. A data leakage of personal data violates our privacy, leaked business data might even mean a huge financial loss. Thus, many companies provide IT-security training to ...
Time-Aware Anonymization of Knowledge Graphs
Knowledge graphs (KGs) play an essential role in data sharing because they can model both users’ attributes and their relationships. KGs can tailor many data analyses, such as classification where a sensitive attribute is selected and the analyst analyzes ...

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image International Journal on Semantic Web & Information Systems

International Journal on Semantic Web & Information Systems Volume 18, Issue 1

Aug 2022

1117 pages

ISSN:1552-6283

EISSN:1552-6291

Issue’s Table of Contents

Copyright © 2022.

Publisher

IGI Global

United States

Publication History

Published: 03 June 2022

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Article

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

6
Total Citations
View Citations
0
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)0
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0

Reflects downloads up to 12 Dec 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Zhou WJumahong HCui RWu YJing CLin L(2024)Predicting Stock Trends Using Web Semantics and Feature FusionInternational Journal on Semantic Web & Information Systems10.4018/IJSWIS.34637820:1(1-25)Online publication date: 30-Jul-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.4018/IJSWIS.346378
Hu JYao YGao Y(2024)Stability Analysis of EPC Consortium Cooperation Based on Evolutionary GameInternational Journal on Semantic Web & Information Systems10.4018/IJSWIS.33900120:1(1-24)Online publication date: 9-Apr-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.4018/IJSWIS.339001
Zhang Y(2023)Analysis on the Development Strategy of Hainan's Sports Tourism Informatization in the Digital EraInternational Journal on Semantic Web & Information Systems10.4018/IJSWIS.32578819:1(1-18)Online publication date: 11-Jul-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.4018/IJSWIS.325788
Wang TYu QLi BLv GWu YGuan S(2023)Uncertainty Quantification of Human Electromagnetic Exposure From Electric Vehicle Wireless Power Transfer SystemIEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems10.1109/TITS.2023.323580724:8(8886-8896)Online publication date: 1-Aug-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/TITS.2023.3235807
Maurya CChaurasiya V(2023)Collusion-resistant and privacy-preserving data sharing scheme on outsourced data in e-healthcare systemMultimedia Tools and Applications10.1007/s11042-023-15006-882:26(40443-40472)Online publication date: 1-Nov-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/s11042-023-15006-8
Xiao JLiu XZeng JFeng ZCao Y(2022)Recommendation of Healthcare Services Based on an Embedded User Profile ModelInternational Journal on Semantic Web & Information Systems10.4018/IJSWIS.31319818:1(1-21)Online publication date: 27-Oct-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.4018/IJSWIS.313198

View Options

View options

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Issue’s Table of Contents