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A Nearly Optimal Deterministic Online Algorithm for Non-Metric Facility Location

Authors Marcin Bienkowski , Björn Feldkord , Paweł Schmidt

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Author Details

Marcin Bienkowski
  • Institute of Computer Science, University of Wrocław, Poland
Björn Feldkord
  • Heinz Nixdorf Institut & Department of Computer Science, Universität Paderborn, Germany
Paweł Schmidt
  • Institute of Computer Science, University of Wrocław, Poland

Funding

Supported by Polish National Science Centre grant 2016/22/E/ST6/00499 and by German Research Foundation (DFG) within the Collaborative Research Centre "On-The-Fly Computing" under the project number 160364472 - SFB 901/3.

Acknowledgements

We thank Marek Adamczyk and Christine Markarian for helpful discussions. We thank anonymous reviewers of an earlier draft for pointing us to the reduction of Kolen and Tamir [Kolen and Tamir, 1990].

Cite As Get BibTex

Marcin Bienkowski, Björn Feldkord, and Paweł Schmidt. A Nearly Optimal Deterministic Online Algorithm for Non-Metric Facility Location. In 38th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 187, pp. 14:1-14:17, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021) https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2021.14

Abstract

In the online non-metric variant of the facility location problem, there is a given graph consisting of a set F of facilities (each with a certain opening cost), a set C of potential clients, and weighted connections between them. The online part of the input is a sequence of clients from C, and in response to any requested client, an online algorithm may open an additional subset of facilities and must connect the given client to an open facility. 
We give an online, polynomial-time deterministic algorithm for this problem, with a competitive ratio of O(log |F| ⋅ (log |C| + log log |F|)). The result is optimal up to loglog factors. Our algorithm improves over the O((log |C| + log |F|) ⋅ (log |C| + log log |F|))-competitive construction that first reduces the facility location instance to a set cover one and then later solves such instance using the deterministic algorithm by Alon et al. [TALG 2006]. This is an asymptotic improvement in a typical scenario where |F| ≪ |C|.
We achieve this by a more direct approach: we design an algorithm for a fractional relaxation of the non-metric facility location problem with clustered facilities. To handle the constraints of such non-covering LP, we combine the dual fitting and multiplicative weight updates approach. By maintaining certain additional monotonicity properties of the created fractional solution, we can handle the dependencies between facilities and connections in a rounding routine.
Our result, combined with the algorithm by Naor et al. [FOCS 2011] yields the first deterministic algorithm for the online node-weighted Steiner tree problem. The resulting competitive ratio is O(log k ⋅ log² 𝓁) on graphs of 𝓁 nodes and k terminals.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Theory of computation → Online algorithms
  • Theory of computation → Routing and network design problems
Keywords
  • Online algorithms
  • deterministic rounding
  • linear programming
  • facility location
  • set cover

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