DNA of Music: Identifying Relationships among Different Versions of the Composition Sadhukarn from Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia Using Multivariate Statistics
<p>(<b>a</b>–<b>f</b>) Non-metric dimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination plots of 26 different versions of Sadhukarn’s main melody [full version] generated by six parameters consisting of rhyme structure (<b>a</b>), Look Tok (<b>b</b>), rhythmic structure (<b>c</b>), melodic structure (<b>d</b>), interval (<b>e</b>), and pitch (<b>f</b>). All abbreviations are explained in <a href="#app1-data-09-00050" class="html-app">Supplementary Materials</a> and can be found in our previous study [<a href="#B7-data-09-00050" class="html-bibr">7</a>].</p> "> Figure 2
<p>(<b>a</b>–<b>f</b>) Hierarchical cluster analysis diagrams of 26 different versions of Sadhukarn’s main melody [full version] generated by six single parameters consisting of rhyme structure (<b>a</b>), Look Tok (<b>b</b>), rhythmic structure (<b>c</b>), melodic structure (<b>d</b>), interval (<b>e</b>), and pitch (<b>f</b>).</p> "> Figure 3
<p>Non−metric dimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination plots and hierarchical cluster analysis diagrams of 26 different versions of Sadhukarn’s main melody [full version] generated by the combination of six parameters.</p> "> Figure 4
<p>(<b>a</b>–<b>f</b>) Non-metric dimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination plots of 20 different versions of Sadhukarn’s main melody [Normalized version] generated by six single parameters consisting of rhyme structure (<b>a</b>), Look Tok (<b>b</b>), rhythmic structure (<b>c</b>), melodic structure (<b>d</b>), interval (<b>e</b>), and pitch (<b>f</b>).</p> "> Figure 5
<p>(<b>a</b>–<b>f</b>) Hierarchical cluster analysis diagrams of 20 different versions of Sadhukarn’s main melody [Normalized version] generated by six single parameters consisting of rhyme structure (<b>a</b>), Look Tok (<b>b</b>), rhythmic structure (<b>c</b>), melodic structure (<b>d</b>), interval (<b>e</b>), and pitch (<b>f</b>).</p> "> Figure 6
<p>Non−metric dimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination plots and hierarchical cluster analysis diagrams of 20 different versions of Sadhukarn’s main melody [Normalized version] generated by the combination of six parameters.</p> ">
Abstract
:1. Introduction
“Sathukar (or Sadhukarn) is a teacher song […] When people hear it in Thailand, Cambodia, or Laos, they stop talking. They listen and bow with their hands together […] When you learn Sathukar, you need to rieb krou (paying respect to the teacher and teacher spirits) […] And, you’re supposed to learn Sathukar from a teacher. It’s not right to learn it another way […] I can’t say that (Sathukar has a special power), because I can’t prove that. But I think that, if you believe it, it’s true. If you don’t believe it, that’s fine too. But, yeah, I believe it”.Chum Ngek: 2004 [1]
2. Material and Method
2.1. Data Collection
2.2. Thai and Western Notation and Their Transcription to Different Music Element Parameters for Multivariate Statistical Analysis
2.3. Normalization of Sadhukarn Datasets
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Which Parameters Should Be Used for Music Composition Analyses?
3.2. Normalization of Music Phrase and Key: Does Normalization Impact the Results of Multivariate Statistics to Analyses Sadhukarn Composition?
4. Discussion
4.1. Clear Separation of Different Versions of Sadhukarn in Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia (Hypotheses): Why?
4.2. Relationships between Sadhukarn Versions in Thailand Analyzed Using Combination of 6 Parameters in Normalize Dataset
4.3. Application of Multivariate Statistics for Music Structure Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
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Eambangyung, S.; Schwörer-Kohl, G.; Purahong, W. DNA of Music: Identifying Relationships among Different Versions of the Composition Sadhukarn from Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia Using Multivariate Statistics. Data 2024, 9, 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/data9040050
Eambangyung S, Schwörer-Kohl G, Purahong W. DNA of Music: Identifying Relationships among Different Versions of the Composition Sadhukarn from Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia Using Multivariate Statistics. Data. 2024; 9(4):50. https://doi.org/10.3390/data9040050
Chicago/Turabian StyleEambangyung, Sumetus, Gretel Schwörer-Kohl, and Witoon Purahong. 2024. "DNA of Music: Identifying Relationships among Different Versions of the Composition Sadhukarn from Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia Using Multivariate Statistics" Data 9, no. 4: 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/data9040050
APA StyleEambangyung, S., Schwörer-Kohl, G., & Purahong, W. (2024). DNA of Music: Identifying Relationships among Different Versions of the Composition Sadhukarn from Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia Using Multivariate Statistics. Data, 9(4), 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/data9040050