Article

Building a lightweight eyetracking headgear

Authors:

Jason S. Babcock,

Jeff B. PelzAuthors Info & Claims

ETRA '04: Proceedings of the 2004 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications

Pages 109 - 114

https://doi.org/10.1145/968363.968386

Published: 22 March 2004 Publication History

Get Access

Abstract

Eyetracking systems that use video-based cameras to monitor the eye and scene can be made significantly smaller thanks to tiny micro-lens video cameras. Pupil detection algorithms are generally implemented in hardware, allowing for real-time eyetracking. However, it is likely that real-time eyetracking will soon be fully accomplished in software alone. This paper encourages an "open-source" approach to eyetracking by providing practical tips on building a lightweight eyetracker from commercially available micro-lens cameras and other parts. While the headgear described here can be used with any dark-pupil eyetracking controller, it also opens the door to open-source software solutions that could be developed by the eyetracking and image-processing communities. Such systems could be optimized without concern for real-time performance because the systems could be run offline.

Supplementary Material

Color plate (p109-babcock-plate.pdf)

This is the 1st color plate for building a lightweight eyetracking headgear

Download
8.25 MB

References

[1]

BABCOCK, J. S., LIPPS, M., PELZ, J. B. 2002. How people look at pictures before, during and after scene capture: Buswell revisited. In B. E. Rogowitz and T. N. Pappas (Eds.), Human Vision and Electronic Imaging V, SPIE Proceedings, 4662, 34-47.

Google Scholar

[2]

BRANDT, H. F. 1945. How People Look at Pictures, Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press.

Google Scholar

[3]

BUSWELL, G. T. 1935. The Psychology of Seeing, New York, Philosophical Library.

Google Scholar

[4]

CANOSA, R. L. 2000. Eye movements and natural tasks in an extended environment, Master's Thesis. New York: Rochester Institute of Technology.

Google Scholar

[5]

ICNIRP GUIDELINES. 1997. Guidelines on Limits of Exposure to Broad-Band Incoherent Optical Radiation (0.38 to 3µm). Health Physics Vol. 73, 3, 539-554.

Google Scholar

[6]

ICNIRP GUIDELINES, 2000. Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDS) and Laser Diodes: Implications for Hazard Assessment. Health Physics Vol. 78, 6, 744-752.

Crossref

Google Scholar

[7]

LAND, M. F. AND FURNEAUX, S. 1997. The knowledge base of the oculomotor system. Phil Trans R Soc Lond, B 352, 1231-1239.

Crossref

Google Scholar

[8]

LAND, M. F., MENNIE, N., RUSTED, J. 1999. The roles of vision and eye movements in the control of activities of daily living. Perception, 28, 1311-1328.

Crossref

Google Scholar

[9]

PELZ, J. B., CANOSA, R. L., KUCHARCZYK, D., BABCOCK, J. S., SILVER, A., KONNO, D. 2000. Portable eyetracking: a study of natural eye movements. In B. E. Rogowitz and T. N. Pappas (Eds.), Human Vision and Electronic Imaging V, SPIE Proceedings, 3659.

Google Scholar

[10]

PELZ, J. B., CANOSA, R. L., BABCOCK, J. S. 2000. Extended Tasks Elicit Complex Eye Movement Patterns, ETRA 2000: eye tracking research and applications symposium, 37-43.

Digital Library

Google Scholar

[11]

PELZ, J. B., CANOSA, R. L. 2001. Oculomotor behavior and perceptual strategies in complex tasks. Vision Research, 41, 3587-3596.

Crossref

Google Scholar

[12]

SLINEY, D., WOLBARST, M. 1980. Safety with Lasers and Other Optical Sources, New York: Plenum Press, p. 147.

Google Scholar

[13]

YARBUS, A. L. 1967. Eye Movements and Vision (B. Haigh, Trans.) Plenum Press, New York.

Google Scholar

Cited By

View all

Niehorster DNyström MHessels RAndersson RBenjamins JHansen DHooge I(2025)The fundamentals of eye tracking part 4: Tools for conducting an eye tracking studyBehavior Research Methods10.3758/s13428-024-02529-757:1Online publication date: 6-Jan-2025
https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-024-02529-7
Kohel KOsama MMohamed NMokhtar MTamer OFakhr M(2024)Gaze Tracking with Multi-Modal Neural Network in Desktop Environments Using Generic Web Camera2024 6th International Youth Conference on Radio Electronics, Electrical and Power Engineering (REEPE)10.1109/REEPE60449.2024.10479903(1-5)Online publication date: 29-Feb-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/REEPE60449.2024.10479903
Niehorster DHessels RBenjamins JNyström MHooge I(2023)GlassesValidator: A data quality tool for eye tracking glassesBehavior Research Methods10.3758/s13428-023-02105-556:3(1476-1484)Online publication date: 8-Jun-2023
https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-023-02105-5
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Building a lightweight eyetracking headgear
1. Computing methodologies
  1. Artificial intelligence
    1. Computer vision
      1. Computer vision problems
        Tracking
      2. Computer vision tasks
        Scene understanding
2. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)
    1. Interaction devices
      1. Touch screens

Recommendations

Measuring unrestrained gaze on wall-sized displays
ECCE '10: Proceedings of the 28th Annual European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics

Motivation -- Natural gaze involves the coordinated movements of eye, head and torso. This allows access to a wide field of view, up to a range of 260° (Chen, Solinger, Poncet & Lancet, 1999). The recent increase in large displays places a demand on ...
Patterns in eyetracking scanpaths and the affecting factors

Web pages are typically decorated with different kinds of visual elements that help sighted people complete their tasks. Unfortunately, people accessing web pages in constrained environments, such as visually disabled and small screen device users, ...
3D point of gaze estimation using head-mounted RGB-D cameras
ASSETS '12: Proceedings of the 14th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility

This paper presents a low-cost, wearable headset for 3D Point of Gaze (PoG) estimation in assistive applications. The device consists of an eye tracking camera and forward facing RGB-D scene camera which, together, provide an estimate of the user gaze ...

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

ETRA '04: Proceedings of the 2004 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications

March 2004

154 pages

ISBN:1581138253

DOI:10.1145/968363

Conference Chairs:
Andrew T. Duchowski
Clemson University
,
Roel Vertegaal
Queens University, Canada

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 22 March 2004

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Article

Conference

ETRA04

Sponsor:

ETRA04: Eye Tracking Research and Applications 2004

March 22 - 24, 2004

Texas, San Antonio

Acceptance Rates

ETRA '04 Paper Acceptance Rate 18 of 40 submissions, 45%;

Overall Acceptance Rate 69 of 137 submissions, 50%

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

92
Total Citations
View Citations
1,661
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)36
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)2

Reflects downloads up to 09 Jan 2025

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all

Niehorster DNyström MHessels RAndersson RBenjamins JHansen DHooge I(2025)The fundamentals of eye tracking part 4: Tools for conducting an eye tracking studyBehavior Research Methods10.3758/s13428-024-02529-757:1Online publication date: 6-Jan-2025
https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-024-02529-7
Kohel KOsama MMohamed NMokhtar MTamer OFakhr M(2024)Gaze Tracking with Multi-Modal Neural Network in Desktop Environments Using Generic Web Camera2024 6th International Youth Conference on Radio Electronics, Electrical and Power Engineering (REEPE)10.1109/REEPE60449.2024.10479903(1-5)Online publication date: 29-Feb-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/REEPE60449.2024.10479903
Niehorster DHessels RBenjamins JNyström MHooge I(2023)GlassesValidator: A data quality tool for eye tracking glassesBehavior Research Methods10.3758/s13428-023-02105-556:3(1476-1484)Online publication date: 8-Jun-2023
https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-023-02105-5
Yüksel D(2023)Investigation of Web-Based Eye-Tracking System Performance under Different Lighting Conditions for NeuromarketingJournal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research10.3390/jtaer1804010518:4(2092-2106)Online publication date: 16-Nov-2023
https://doi.org/10.3390/jtaer18040105
Takahashi MVeale R(2023)Pathways for Naturalistic Looking Behavior in Primate I: Behavioral Characteristics and Brainstem CircuitsNeuroscience10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.09.009532(133-163)Online publication date: Nov-2023
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.09.009
Cheng JGerpott FBenson ABucker BFoulsham TLansu TSchülke OTsuchiya K(2023)Eye gaze and visual attention as a window into leadership and followership: A review of empirical insights and future directionsThe Leadership Quarterly10.1016/j.leaqua.2022.10165434:6(101654)Online publication date: Dec-2023
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2022.101654
Diab KKarakaya M(2022)CNN-Based Gaze Estimation for Off-angle Iris RecognitionSoutheastCon 202210.1109/SoutheastCon48659.2022.9763926(736-742)Online publication date: 26-Mar-2022
https://doi.org/10.1109/SoutheastCon48659.2022.9763926
Shankar BSinnott CBinaee KLescroart MMacNeilage P(2021)Ergonomic Design Development of the Visual Experience Database HeadsetACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications10.1145/3450341.3458487(1-4)Online publication date: 25-May-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3450341.3458487
Wang HShokyshalov J(2021)Importing Eye Tracking Regarding with Human Aspects in Software Quality2021 IEEE 21st International Conference on Software Quality, Reliability and Security Companion (QRS-C)10.1109/QRS-C55045.2021.00109(722-726)Online publication date: Dec-2021
https://doi.org/10.1109/QRS-C55045.2021.00109
Jalilian EKarakaya MUhl A(2021)CNN‐based off‐angle iris segmentation and recognitionIET Biometrics10.1049/bme2.1205210:5(518-535)Online publication date: 13-Jul-2021
https://doi.org/10.1049/bme2.12052
Show More Cited By

View Options

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Cited By

Index Terms

Recommendations

Measuring unrestrained gaze on wall-sized displays

Patterns in eyetracking scanpaths and the affecting factors

3D point of gaze estimation using head-mounted RGB-D cameras