More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/

extended-abstract

A Touch of Gold - Spraying and Electroplating 3D Prints to Create Biocompatible On-Skin Wearables

Authors:

Maximilian Schrapel,

Justin Schulte,

Ibraheem Al-Azzawi,

Kerem Can Demir,

Michael RohsAuthors Info & Claims

MobileHCI '24 Adjunct: Adjunct Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Mobile Human-Computer Interaction

Article No.: 1, Pages 1 - 7

https://doi.org/10.1145/3640471.3680227

Published: 21 September 2024 Publication History

Abstract

Iterative design cycles for tangible user interfaces and wearable devices require efficient prototyping techniques to optimize development and to elevate the overall design efficacy. A key challenge for rapid prototyping techniques such as cardboard prototyping, 3D printing, or laser cutting is the integration of conductive surfaces. Additional wiring, conductive paint, or special materials like conductive filament often lack the necessary high conductivity and sufficient durability for designing on-skin wearables to measure muscle activity or to electrically stimulate the skin and muscles. To solve this problem we propose to combine spraying and electroplating to create surfaces that exhibit high conductivity, are solderable, corrosion-resistant and skin-friendly, and embody both practical functionality and aesthetic value. In this paper, we describe an effective spraying and electroplating process for rapid prototyping and demonstrate its applicability using several examples of tangible user interfaces. Further, we discuss advantages and disadvantages and describe limitations of the approach.

Supplemental Material

MP4 File

"Video of the process", "Schematic for a self build current source", "Material list", "Process sheet", "Typical pitfalls and how to resolve them", "3D models and mask files for rebuilding the presented prototypes"

Download
276.54 MB

PDF File

"Video of the process", "Schematic for a self build current source", "Material list", "Process sheet", "Typical pitfalls and how to resolve them", "3D models and mask files for rebuilding the presented prototypes"

Download
5.26 MB

PDF File

"Video of the process", "Schematic for a self build current source", "Material list", "Process sheet", "Typical pitfalls and how to resolve them", "3D models and mask files for rebuilding the presented prototypes"

Download
210.39 KB

PDF File

"Video of the process", "Schematic for a self build current source", "Material list", "Process sheet", "Typical pitfalls and how to resolve them", "3D models and mask files for rebuilding the presented prototypes"

Download
572.00 KB

ZIP File

"Video of the process", "Schematic for a self build current source", "Material list", "Process sheet", "Typical pitfalls and how to resolve them", "3D models and mask files for rebuilding the presented prototypes"

Download
7.05 MB

ZIP File

"Video of the process", "Schematic for a self build current source", "Material list", "Process sheet", "Typical pitfalls and how to resolve them", "3D models and mask files for rebuilding the presented prototypes"

Download
84.93 KB

References

[1]

Bok Yeop Ahn, Steven B Walker, Scott C Slimmer, Analisa Russo, Ashley Gupta, Steve Kranz, Eric B Duoss, Thomas F Malkowski, and Jennifer A Lewis. 2011. Planar and three-dimensional printing of conductive inks. JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments)58 (2011), e3189.

[2]

Kristin Angel, Harvey H. Tsang, Sarah S. Bedair, Gabriel L. Smith, and Nathan Lazarus. 2018. Selective electroplating of 3D printed parts. Additive Manufacturing 20 (2018), 164–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2018.01.006

[3]

Jesse Burstyn, Nicholas Fellion, Paul Strohmeier, and Roel Vertegaal. 2015. PrintPut: Resistive and Capacitive Input Widgets for Interactive 3D Prints. In Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2015, Julio Abascal, Simone Barbosa, Mirko Fetter, Tom Gross, Philippe Palanque, and Marco Winckler (Eds.). Springer International Publishing, Cham, 332–339.

Digital Library

[4]

Tingyu Cheng, Koya Narumi, Youngwook Do, Yang Zhang, Tung D. Ta, Takuya Sasatani, Eric Markvicka, Yoshihiro Kawahara, Lining Yao, Gregory D. Abowd, and HyunJoo Oh. 2020. Silver Tape: Inkjet-Printed Circuits Peeled-and-Transferred on Versatile Substrates. Proc. ACM Interact. Mob. Wearable Ubiquitous Technol. 4, 1, Article 6 (mar 2020), 17 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3381013

Digital Library

[5]

Tim Duente, Max Pfeiffer, and Michael Rohs. 2017. Zap++: A 20-Channel Electrical Muscle Stimulation System for Fine-Grained Wearable Force Feedback. In Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (Vienna, Austria) (MobileHCI ’17). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, Article 1, 13 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3098279.3098546

Digital Library

[6]

Tim Duente, Justin Schulte, Malte Lucius, and Michael Rohs. 2023. Colorful Electrotactile Feedback on the Wrist. In Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia (Vienna, Austria) (MUM ’23). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 172–184. https://doi.org/10.1145/3626705.3627800

Digital Library

[7]

Tim Duente, Dennis Stanke, Moritz Klose, Benjamin Simon, Ibraheem Al-Azzawi, and Michael Rohs. 2024. Shock Me The Way: Directional Electrotactile Feedback under the Smartwatch as a Navigation Aid for Cyclists. In 26th International Conference on Mobile Human-Computer Interaction (Melbourne, VIC, Australia) (MOBILEHCI ’24). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1145/3676521

Digital Library

[8]

Ethan Eddy, Erik J Scheme, and Scott Bateman. 2023. A Framework and Call to Action for the Future Development of EMG-Based Input in HCI. In Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Hamburg, Germany) (CHI ’23). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, Article 145, 23 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3544548.3580962

Digital Library

[9]

Pantea Sanei Ganjeh, Michael Bosomefi Chamunorwa, Abhinand Parambil Gopal, and Santosh Mutyala. 2023. Vasi-Light: Using Everyday Decorative Items as Smarthome Interfaces. In Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia (Vienna, Austria) (MUM ’23). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 565–567. https://doi.org/10.1145/3626705.3631879

Digital Library

[10]

Daniel Groeger and Jürgen Steimle. 2018. ObjectSkin: Augmenting Everyday Objects with Hydroprinted Touch Sensors and Displays. Proc. ACM Interact. Mob. Wearable Ubiquitous Technol. 1, 4, Article 134 (jan 2018), 23 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3161165

Digital Library

[11]

Ollie Hanton, Michael Wessely, Stefanie Mueller, Mike Fraser, and Anne Roudaut. 2020. ProtoSpray: Combining 3D Printing and Spraying to Create Interactive Displays with Arbitrary Shapes. In Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Honolulu, HI, USA) (CHI ’20). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1145/3313831.3376543

Digital Library

[12]

Freddie Hong, Connor Myant, and David E Boyle. 2021. Thermoformed Circuit Boards: Fabrication of Highly Conductive Freeform 3D Printed Circuit Boards with Heat Bending. In Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Yokohama, Japan) (CHI ’21). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, Article 669, 10 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445469

Digital Library

[13]

Viktor Husak. 2015. Copper and Copper-Containing Pesticides: Metabolism, Toxicity and Oxidative Stress. Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 2, 1 (Apr. 2015), 38–50. https://doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.2.1.38-50

[14]

Yoshio Ishiguro and Ivan Poupyrev. 2014. 3D Printed Interactive Speakers. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Toronto, Ontario, Canada) (CHI ’14). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1733–1742. https://doi.org/10.1145/2556288.2557046

Digital Library

[15]

Lisa Brown Jaloza. 2021. Inside Facebook Reality Labs: Wrist-based interaction for the next computing platform. https://tech.facebook.com/reality-labs/2021/03/inside-facebook-reality-labs-wrist-based-interaction-for-the-next-computing-platform/. Accessed: 2023-12-12.

[16]

N. Kanani. 2005. Electroplating: Basic Principles, Processes and Practice. Electroplating: Basic Principles, Processes and Practice (01 2005), 1–353.

[17]

Hsin-Liu (Cindy) Kao, Christian Holz, Asta Roseway, Andres Calvo, and Chris Schmandt. 2016. DuoSkin: rapidly prototyping on-skin user interfaces using skin-friendly materials. In Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers (Heidelberg, Germany) (ISWC ’16). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 16–23. https://doi.org/10.1145/2971763.2971777

Digital Library

[18]

Yoshihiro Kawahara, Steve Hodges, Benjamin S. Cook, Cheng Zhang, and Gregory D. Abowd. 2013. Instant inkjet circuits: lab-based inkjet printing to support rapid prototyping of UbiComp devices. In Proceedings of the 2013 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (Zurich, Switzerland) (UbiComp ’13). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 363–372. https://doi.org/10.1145/2493432.2493486

Digital Library

[19]

Myung Jun Kim, Mutya A. Cruz, Shengrong Ye, Allen L. Gray, Gabriel L. Smith, Nathan Lazarus, Christopher J. Walker, Hjalti H. Sigmarsson, and Benjamin J. Wiley. 2019. One-step electrodeposition of copper on conductive 3D printed objects. Additive Manufacturing 27 (2019), 318–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2019.03.016

[20]

Jarrod Knibbe, Paul Strohmeier, Sebastian Boring, and Kasper Hornbæk. 2017. Automatic Calibration of High Density Electric Muscle Stimulation. Proc. ACM Interact. Mob. Wearable Ubiquitous Technol. 1, 3, Article 68 (Sept. 2017), 17 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3130933

Digital Library

[21]

Sen Wai Kwok, Kok Hin Henry Goh, Zer Dong Tan, Siew Ting Melissa Tan, Weng Weei Tjiu, Je Yeong Soh, Zheng Jie Glenn Ng, Yan Zhi Chan, Hui Kim Hui, and Kuan Eng Johnson Goh. 2017. Electrically conductive filament for 3D-printed circuits and sensors. Applied Materials Today 9 (2017), 167–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2017.07.001

[22]

Simon J. Leigh, Robert J. Bradley, Christopher P. Purssell, Duncan R. Billson, and David A. Hutchins. 2012. A Simple, Low-Cost Conductive Composite Material for 3D Printing of Electronic Sensors. PLOS ONE 7, 11 (11 2012), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049365

[23]

Joanne Lo, Doris Jung Lin Lee, Nathan Wong, David Bui, and Eric Paulos. 2016. Skintillates: Designing and Creating Epidermal Interactions. In Proceedings of the 2016 ACM Conference on Designing Interactive Systems (Brisbane, QLD, Australia) (DIS ’16). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 853–864. https://doi.org/10.1145/2901790.2901885

Digital Library

[24]

Cameron S. Miner, Denise M. Chan, and Christopher Campbell. 2001. Digital Jewelry: Wearable Technology for Everyday Life. In CHI ’01 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Seattle, Washington) (CHI EA ’01). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 45–46. https://doi.org/10.1145/634067.634098

Digital Library

[25]

M. Piccolino and M. Bresadola. 2013. Shocking Frogs: Galvani, Volta, and the Electric Origins of Neuroscience. Oxford University Press.

[26]

Henning Pohl and Kasper Hornbæk. 2018. ElectricItch: Skin Irritation as a Feedback Modality. In Proceedings of the 31st Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (Berlin, Germany) (UIST ’18). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 765–778. https://doi.org/10.1145/3242587.3242647

Digital Library

[27]

Narjes Pourjafarian, Marion Koelle, Bruno Fruchard, Sahar Mavali, Konstantin Klamka, Daniel Groeger, Paul Strohmeier, and Jürgen Steimle. 2021. BodyStylus: Freehand On-Body Design and Fabrication of Epidermal Interfaces. In Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Yokohama, Japan) (CHI ’21). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, Article 504, 15 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445475

Digital Library

[28]

W. Rapson. 2006. Skin contact with gold and gold alloys. Contact Dermatitis 13 (04 2006), 56 – 65. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1985.tb02505.x

[29]

Greg Saul, Cheng Xu, and Mark D. Gross. 2010. Interactive Paper Devices: End-User Design & Fabrication. In Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction (Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA) (TEI ’10). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 205–212. https://doi.org/10.1145/1709886.1709924

Digital Library

[30]

Martin Schmitz, Mohammadreza Khalilbeigi, Matthias Balwierz, Roman Lissermann, Max Mühlhäuser, and Jürgen Steimle. 2015. Capricate: A Fabrication Pipeline to Design and 3D Print Capacitive Touch Sensors for Interactive Objects. In Proceedings of the 28th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software & Technology (Charlotte, NC, USA) (UIST ’15). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 253–258. https://doi.org/10.1145/2807442.2807503

Digital Library

[31]

Martin Schmitz, Martin Stitz, Florian Müller, Markus Funk, and Max Mühlhäuser. 2019.../Trilaterate: A Fabrication Pipeline to Design and 3D Print Hover-, Touch-, and Force-Sensitive Objects. In Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Glasgow, Scotland Uk) (CHI ’19). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300684

Digital Library

[32]

Maximilian Schrapel, Florian Herzog, Steffen Ryll, and Michael Rohs. 2020. Watch My Painting: The Back of the Hand as a Drawing Space for Smartwatches. In Extended Abstracts of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Honolulu, HI, USA) (CHI EA ’20). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1145/3334480.3383040

Digital Library

[33]

Michael Shorter, Jon Rogers, and John McGhee. 2014. Practical Notes on Paper Circuits. In Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Designing Interactive Systems (Vancouver, BC, Canada) (DIS ’14). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 483–492. https://doi.org/10.1145/2598510.2602965

Digital Library

[34]

Dennis Stanke, Tim Duente, Kerem Can Demir, and Michael Rohs. 2023. Can You Ear Me? - A Comparison of Different Private and Public Notification Channels for the Earlobe. Proc. ACM Interact. Mob. Wearable Ubiquitous Technol. 7, 3, Article 123 (sep 2023), 23 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3610925

Digital Library

[35]

Dennis Stanke, Tim Duente, and Michael Rohs. 2020. TactileWear: A Comparison of Electrotactile and Vibrotactile Feedback on the Wrist and Ring Finger. In Proceedings of the 11th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Shaping Experiences, Shaping Society (Tallinn, Estonia) (NordiCHI ’20). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, Article 74, 13 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3419249.3420107

Digital Library

[36]

Tomohito Suzuki, Yuhei Imai, and Hiroyuki Manabe. 2022. A Bonding Technique for Electric Circuit Prototyping Using Conductive Transfer Foil and Soldering Iron. In Adjunct Proceedings of the 35th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (Bend, OR, USA) (UIST ’22 Adjunct). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, Article 85, 3 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3526114.3558670

Digital Library

[37]

Ryosuke Takada, Buntarou Shizuki, and Jiro Tanaka. 2016. MonoTouch: Single Capacitive Touch Sensor That Differentiates Touch Gestures. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (San Jose, California, USA) (CHI EA ’16). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2736–2743. https://doi.org/10.1145/2851581.2892350

Digital Library

[38]

Tifoo. 2024. Bright Copper Plating Solution. https://www.tifoo.de/en/acidic-bright-copper-plating-solution-250-ml

[39]

Tifoo. 2024. Copper Lacquer Paint. https://www.tifoo.de/en/copper-conductive-paint-200-ml

[40]

Tifoo. 2024. Copper Lacquer Spray. https://www.tifoo.de/en/copper-conductive-paint-400-ml

[41]

Tifoo. 2024. Gold Plating Solution. https://www.tifoo.de/en/gold-plating-solution-midas

[42]

Michael Wessely, Ticha Sethapakdi, Carlos Castillo, Jackson C. Snowden, Ollie Hanton, Isabel P. S. Qamar, Mike Fraser, Anne Roudaut, and Stefanie Mueller. 2020. Sprayable User Interfaces: Prototyping Large-Scale Interactive Surfaces with Sensors and Displays. In Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Honolulu, HI, USA) (CHI ’20). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1145/3313831.3376249

Digital Library

[43]

Rui Zhang, Volodymyr Kolbin, Mirko Süttenbach, Martin Hedges, and Oliver Amft. 2018. Evaluation of 3D-Printed Conductive Lines and EMG Electrodes on Smart Eyeglasses Frames. In Proceedings of the 2018 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers (Singapore, Singapore) (ISWC ’18). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 234–235. https://doi.org/10.1145/3267242.3267289

Digital Library

[44]

Yang Zhang, Gierad Laput, and Chris Harrison. 2017. Electrick: Low-Cost Touch Sensing Using Electric Field Tomography. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Denver, Colorado, USA) (CHI ’17). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1145/3025453.3025842

Digital Library

[45]

Junyi Zhu, Lotta-Gili Blumberg, Yunyi Zhu, Martin Nisser, Ethan Levi Carlson, Xin Wen, Kevin Shum, Jessica Ayeley Quaye, and Stefanie Mueller. 2020. CurveBoards: Integrating Breadboards into Physical Objects to Prototype Function in the Context of Form. In Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Honolulu, HI, USA) (CHI ’20). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1145/3313831.3376617

Digital Library

[46]

Jingwen Zhu, Nadine El Nesr, Nola Rettenmaier, and Cindy Hsin-Liu Kao. 2023. SkinPaper: Exploring Opportunities for Woven Paper as a Wearable Material for On-Skin Interactions. In Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Hamburg, Germany) (CHI ’23). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, Article 479, 16 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3544548.3581034

Digital Library

Cited By

Duente TStanke DKlose MSimon BAl-Azzawi IRohs M(2024)Shock Me The Way: Directional Electrotactile Feedback under the Smartwatch as a Navigation Aid for CyclistsProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36765218:MHCI(1-25)Online publication date: 24-Sep-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3676521

Index Terms

A Touch of Gold - Spraying and Electroplating 3D Prints to Create Biocompatible On-Skin Wearables
1. Hardware
2. Human-centered computing
  1. Ubiquitous and mobile computing
    1. Ubiquitous and mobile computing systems and tools

Recommendations

Nanoprint lithography of gold nanopatterns on polyethylene terephthalate

Nano-order metal pattern printing on plastic substrates was established by using hard stamp nanoprint lithography (NPL). A spin-on-glass (SOG) material, which is almost the same as quartz in composition, was used as the material for the hard stamp. The ...
Nickel electroplating for high-resolution nanostructures

Display Omitted Nickel electroplating of photon stop on EUV-IL mask membranes was optimised.Sufficient nickel with good uniformity, low roughness and low stress was deposited.Nanostructures down to 20nm resolution were fabricated using a PMMA mask.High ...
Electroplating using high-aspect-ratio microstructures fabricated by proton beam writing

Proton beam writing (PBW) is one of the direct write techniques for the purpose of deep micromachining. Together with the flexibility of the direct write feature, micromachining of high-aspect-ratio structures is possible due to the straight trajectory ...

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

MobileHCI '24 Adjunct: Adjunct Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Mobile Human-Computer Interaction

September 2024

252 pages

ISBN:9798400705069

DOI:10.1145/3640471

Copyright © 2024 Owner/Author.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be honored. For all other uses, contact the Owner/Author.

Sponsors

SIGCHI: ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 21 September 2024

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Extended-abstract
Research
Refereed limited

Conference

MobileHCI '24

Sponsor:

SIGCHI

MobileHCI '24: 26th International Conference on Mobile Human-Computer Interaction

September 30 - October 3, 2024

VIC, Melbourne, Australia

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 202 of 906 submissions, 22%

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

1
Total Citations
View Citations
64
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)64
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)14

Reflects downloads up to 12 Dec 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Duente TStanke DKlose MSimon BAl-Azzawi IRohs M(2024)Shock Me The Way: Directional Electrotactile Feedback under the Smartwatch as a Navigation Aid for CyclistsProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36765218:MHCI(1-25)Online publication date: 24-Sep-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3676521

View Options

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

HTML Format

View this article in HTML Format.

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents