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Analyzing Third Party Service Dependencies in Modern Web Services: Have We Learned from the Mirai-Dyn Incident?

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Yuvraj AgarwalAuthors Info & Claims

IMC '20: Proceedings of the ACM Internet Measurement Conference

Pages 634 - 647

https://doi.org/10.1145/3419394.3423664

Published: 27 October 2020 Publication History

Abstract

Many websites rely on third parties for services (e.g., DNS, CDN, etc.). However, it also exposes them to shared risks from attacks (e.g., Mirai DDoS attack [24]) or cascading failures (e.g., GlobalSign revocation error [21]). Motivated by such incidents, we analyze the prevalence and impact of third-party dependencies, focusing on three critical infrastructure services: DNS, CDN, and certificate revocation checking by CA. We analyze both direct (e.g., Twitter uses Dyn) and indirect (e.g., Netflix uses Symantec as CA which uses Verisign for DNS) dependencies. We also take two snapshots in 2016 and 2020 to understand how the dependencies evolved. Our key findings are: (1) 89% of the Alexa top-100K websites critically depend on third-party DNS, CDN, or CA providers i.e., if these providers go down, these websites could suffer service disruption; (2) the use of third-party services is concentrated, and the top-3 providers of CDN, DNS, or CA services can affect 50%-70% of the top-100K websites; (3) indirect dependencies amplify the impact of popular CDN and DNS providers by up to 25X; and (4) some third-party dependencies and concentration increased marginally between 2016 to 2020. Based on our findings, we derive key implications for different stakeholders in the web ecosystem.

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Analyzing Third Party Service Dependencies in Modern Web Services: Have We Learned from the Mirai-Dyn Incident?

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cover image ACM Conferences

IMC '20: Proceedings of the ACM Internet Measurement Conference

October 2020

751 pages

ISBN:9781450381383

DOI:10.1145/3419394

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Birge-Lee HYoo SHerber BRexford JApostolaki MVanbever LZhang I(2024)TANGOProceedings of the 21st USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation10.5555/3691825.3691923(1791-1811)Online publication date: 16-Apr-2024
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