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Hummer: Text Entry by Gaze and Hum

Authors:

Raphael Menges,

Steffen StaabAuthors Info & Claims

CHI '21: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Article No.: 741, Pages 1 - 11

https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445501

Published: 07 May 2021 Publication History

Abstract

Text entry by gaze is a useful means of hands-free interaction that is applicable in settings where dictation suffers from poor voice recognition or where spoken words and sentences jeopardize privacy or confidentiality. However, text entry by gaze still shows inferior performance and it quickly exhausts its users. We introduce text entry by gaze and hum as a novel hands-free text entry. We review related literature to converge to word-level text entry by analysis of gaze paths that are temporally constrained by humming. We develop and evaluate two design choices: “HumHum” and “Hummer.” The first method requires short hums to indicate the start and end of a word. The second method interprets one continuous humming as an indication of the start and end of a word. In an experiment with 12 participants, Hummer achieved a commendable text entry rate of 20.45 words per minute, and outperformed HumHum and the gaze-only method EyeSwipe in both quantitative and qualitative measures.

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Cited By

Zhan LXiong TZhang HGuo SChen XGong JLin JQin Y(2024)TouchEditorProceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies10.1145/36314547:4(1-29)Online publication date: 12-Jan-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3631454
Zhang CChen TShaffer ESoltanaghai E(2024)FocusFlow: 3D Gaze-Depth Interaction in Virtual Reality Leveraging Active Visual Depth ManipulationProceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3613904.3642589(1-18)Online publication date: 11-May-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3613904.3642589
Hu JDudley JKristensson P(2024)SkiMR: Dwell-free Eye Typing in Mixed Reality2024 IEEE Conference Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)10.1109/VR58804.2024.00065(439-449)Online publication date: 16-Mar-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/VR58804.2024.00065
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Index Terms

Hummer: Text Entry by Gaze and Hum
1. Computing methodologies
  1. Artificial intelligence
    1. Computer vision
      1. Computer vision problems
        Tracking
2. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)
    1. Interaction devices
      1. Touch screens
    2. Interaction paradigms

Index terms have been assigned to the content through auto-classification.

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cover image ACM Conferences

CHI '21: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

May 2021

10862 pages

ISBN:9781450380966

DOI:10.1145/3411764

General Chairs:
Yoshifumi Kitamura
Tohoku University, Japan
,
Aaron Quigley
University of New South Wales, Australia
,
Program Chairs:
Katherine Isbister
University of California Santa Cruz, USA
,
Takeo Igarashi
The University of Tokyo, Japan
,
Publications Chairs:
Pernille Bjørn
University of Copenhagen, Denmark
,
Steven Drucker
Microsoft Research, USA

Copyright © 2021 ACM.

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Published: 07 May 2021

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Zhan LXiong TZhang HGuo SChen XGong JLin JQin Y(2024)TouchEditorProceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies10.1145/36314547:4(1-29)Online publication date: 12-Jan-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3631454
Zhang CChen TShaffer ESoltanaghai E(2024)FocusFlow: 3D Gaze-Depth Interaction in Virtual Reality Leveraging Active Visual Depth ManipulationProceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3613904.3642589(1-18)Online publication date: 11-May-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3613904.3642589
Hu JDudley JKristensson P(2024)SkiMR: Dwell-free Eye Typing in Mixed Reality2024 IEEE Conference Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)10.1109/VR58804.2024.00065(439-449)Online publication date: 16-Mar-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/VR58804.2024.00065
Mutasim ABatmaz AHudhud Mughrabi MStuerzlinger W(2024)The Guided Evaluation MethodInternational Journal of Human-Computer Studies10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103317190:COnline publication date: 1-Oct-2024
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Zhang CChen TNedungadi RShaffer ESoltanaghai E(2023)FocusFlow: Leveraging Focal Depth for Gaze Interaction in Virtual RealityAdjunct Proceedings of the 36th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology10.1145/3586182.3615818(1-4)Online publication date: 29-Oct-2023
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Singhal YNoeske RBhardwaj AKim J(2022)Improving Finger Stroke Recognition Rate for Eyes-Free Mid-Air Typing in VRProceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3491102.3502100(1-9)Online publication date: 29-Apr-2022
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Xu WMeng XYu KSarcar SLiang H(2022)Evaluation of Text Selection Techniques in Virtual Reality Head-Mounted Displays2022 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR)10.1109/ISMAR55827.2022.00027(131-140)Online publication date: Oct-2022
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Meng XXu WLiang H(2022)An Exploration of Hands-free Text Selection for Virtual Reality Head-Mounted Displays2022 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR)10.1109/ISMAR55827.2022.00021(74-81)Online publication date: Oct-2022
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