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Playing between Opposite Ideologies with Focalization and Agency: A Look at Ideological Perspective in Narrative-driven Games

Published: 21 October 2021 Publication History

Abstract

This paper examines the unique set-up of two concurrent opposite ideologies in narrative-driven games both as a structure and as a technique for game narrative design. Through close analysis of two distinct games – Ghost of Tsushima and Red Dead Redemption 2, both with a strikingly similar dual ideology design, we observe a range of narrative design strategies that allow the player to build her player character's ideology with agency at both local and global levels. Among them focalization, specifically internal focalization, has stood out as a prominent approach. Our analysis contributes to the broader theoretical discussion of how narrative perspective exits in games, with detailed findings on techniques of ideological perspective design and the use of focalization in games.

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FDG '21: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games
August 2021
534 pages
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 21 October 2021

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Author Tags

  1. Agency
  2. Focalization
  3. Game design
  4. Game narrative design
  5. Ghost of Tsushima
  6. Ideology
  7. Interactive narrative
  8. Perspective
  9. Red Dead Redemption 2

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