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The Misgendering Machines: Trans/HCI Implications of Automatic Gender Recognition

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Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, Volume 2, Issue CSCW

Article No.: 88, Pages 1 - 22

https://doi.org/10.1145/3274357

Published: 01 November 2018 Publication History

Abstract

Automatic Gender Recognition (AGR) is a subfield of facial recognition that aims to algorithmically identify the gender of individuals from photographs or videos. In wider society the technology has proposed applications in physical access control, data analytics and advertising. Within academia, it is already used in the field of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) to analyse social media usage. Given the long-running critiques of HCI for failing to consider and include transgender (trans) perspectives in research, and the potential implications of AGR for trans people if deployed, I sought to understand how AGR and HCI understand the term "gender", and how HCI describes and deploys gender recognition technology. Using a content analysis of papers from both fields, I show that AGR consistently operationalises gender in a trans-exclusive way, and consequently carries disproportionate risk for trans people subject to it. In addition, I use the dearth of discussion of this in HCI papers that apply AGR to discuss how HCI operationalises gender, and the implications that this has for the field's research. I conclude with recommendations for alternatives to AGR, and some ideas for how HCI can work towards a more effective and trans-inclusive treatment of gender.

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cover image Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction

Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction Volume 2, Issue CSCW

November 2018

4104 pages

EISSN:2573-0142

DOI:10.1145/3290265

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Karrie Karahalios
University of Illinois & Adobe
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Snap Inc.
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Airi Lampinen
Stockholm University
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Geraldine Fitzpatrick
Vienna University of Technology

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Dominguez-Catena IPaternain DGalar M(2025)DSAP: Analyzing bias through demographic comparison of datasetsInformation Fusion10.1016/j.inffus.2024.102760115(102760)Online publication date: Mar-2025
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Khalif Alketbi S(2024)Emerging Technologies in Forensic DNA AnalysisPerspectives in Legal and Forensic Sciences10.70322/plfs.2024.100071:1(10007-10007)Online publication date: 2024
https://doi.org/10.70322/plfs.2024.10007
Jędrusiak D(2024)Ultimate Fantasy. Subwersyjne strategie queerowania Sztucznej Inteligencji w projektach transliterackichPrzegląd Kulturoznawczy10.4467/20843860PK.24.004.20070(55-76)Online publication date: 25-Sep-2024
https://doi.org/10.4467/20843860PK.24.004.20070
Thompson J(2024)Meaningless Gods and Posthuman CompanionsBelphégor10.4000/11tfq22Online publication date: 2024
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Gillespie T(2024)Generative AI and the politics of visibilityBig Data & Society10.1177/2053951724125213111:2Online publication date: 13-May-2024
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Pallett HPrice CChilvers JBurall S(2024)Just public algorithms: Mapping public engagement with the use of algorithms in UK public servicesBig Data & Society10.1177/2053951724123586711:1Online publication date: 18-Mar-2024
https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517241235867
Lutz NAragon C(2024)"We're not all construction workers": Algorithmic Compression of Latinidad on TikTokProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36870198:CSCW2(1-31)Online publication date: 8-Nov-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3687019
Pyle CRoemmich KAndalibi N(2024)U.S. Job-Seekers' Organizational Justice Perceptions of Emotion AI-Enabled InterviewsProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36869938:CSCW2(1-42)Online publication date: 8-Nov-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3686993
Haimson ODeGuia ASaber RBrewster K(2024)Extended Reality Trans Technologies: Bridging Digital and Physical Worlds to Support Transgender PeopleProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36869728:CSCW2(1-27)Online publication date: 8-Nov-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3686972
Duan WMcNeese NFreeman GLi L(2024)Mitigating Gender Stereotypes Toward AI Agents Through an eXplainable AI (XAI) ApproachProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36869698:CSCW2(1-35)Online publication date: 8-Nov-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3686969
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