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A programmable resistive power grid for post-fabrication flexibility and energy tradeoffs

Published: 30 July 2012 Publication History

Abstract

This paper explores the benefits of splitting a monolithic power gate transistor into parallel, independently controlled, variable weighted power gates to provide programmable post-fabrication power grid resistance. This power gate topology creates energy saving opportunities by providing adjustable localized voltages during active modes and reducing leakage current in idle blocks while retaining data. Measurements show over 30% active energy savings per operation and 90% savings in idle current with retention. A modeling flow for a resistive power grid was also developed that demonstrates the effectiveness of this approach in a Bulldozer processor core.

References

[1]
Shakhsheer, Y., et al., A 90nm Data Flow Processor Demonstrating Fine Grained DVS for Energy Efficient Operation from 0.25V to 1.2V. Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, Sept. 2011.
[2]
Truong, D. N., et al., A 167-processor computational platform in 65 nm CMOS, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 1130--1144, April 2009.
[3]
Zhang, K., et al., SRAM design on 65-nm CMOS technology with dynamic sleep transistor for leakage reduction, IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 895--901, Apr. 2005.
[4]
Wang., A, et al., Sub-threshold Voltage Circuit Design for Ultra-Low Power Systems. Springer, New York, NY.
[5]
Jotwani, R., et al., An x86-64 Core Implemented in 32nm SOI CMOS International Solid-State Circuit Conference, pp. 106--107, 2010.
[6]
Apache Redhawk, http://www.apache-da.com/products/redhawk
[7]
Fischer, T., et al., Design Solutions for the Bulldozer 32nm SOI 2-Core Processor Module in an 8-Core CPU, International Solid-State Circuit Conference, pp. 78--79, 2011.

Cited By

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  • (2014)Optimal power switch design methodology for ultra dynamic voltage scaling with a limited number of power railsProceedings of the 24th edition of the great lakes symposium on VLSI10.1145/2591513.2591585(323-328)Online publication date: 20-May-2014
  • (2013)Flexible on-chip power delivery for energy efficient heterogeneous systemsProceedings of the 50th Annual Design Automation Conference10.1145/2463209.2488932(1-6)Online publication date: 29-May-2013

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    cover image ACM Conferences
    ISLPED '12: Proceedings of the 2012 ACM/IEEE international symposium on Low power electronics and design
    July 2012
    438 pages
    ISBN:9781450312493
    DOI:10.1145/2333660
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 30 July 2012

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    Author Tags

    1. dynamic voltage scaling
    2. leakage
    3. low power design
    4. variable weighted headers

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    ISLPED'12
    Sponsor:
    ISLPED'12: International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design
    July 30 - August 1, 2012
    California, Redondo Beach, USA

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    Overall Acceptance Rate 398 of 1,159 submissions, 34%

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    • (2014)Optimal power switch design methodology for ultra dynamic voltage scaling with a limited number of power railsProceedings of the 24th edition of the great lakes symposium on VLSI10.1145/2591513.2591585(323-328)Online publication date: 20-May-2014
    • (2013)Flexible on-chip power delivery for energy efficient heterogeneous systemsProceedings of the 50th Annual Design Automation Conference10.1145/2463209.2488932(1-6)Online publication date: 29-May-2013

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