More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/

research-article

Effectiveness of shared leadership in online communities

Authors:

Aniket KitturAuthors Info & Claims

CSCW '12: Proceedings of the ACM 2012 conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work

Pages 407 - 416

https://doi.org/10.1145/2145204.2145269

Published: 11 February 2012 Publication History

Abstract

Traditional research on leadership in online communities has consistently focused on the small set of people occupying leadership roles. In this paper, we use a model of shared leadership, which posits that leadership behaviors come from members at all levels, not simply from people in high-level leadership positions. Although every member can exhibit some leadership behavior, different types of leadership behavior performed by different types of leaders may not be equally effective. This paper investigates how distinct types of leadership behaviors (transactional, aversive, directive and person-focused) and the legitimacy of the people who deliver them (people in formal leadership positions or not) influence the contributions that other participants make in the context of Wikipedia. After using propensity score matching to control for potential pre-existing differences among those who were and were not targets of leadership behaviors, we found that 1) leadership behaviors performed by members at all levels significantly influenced other members' motivation; 2) transactional leadership and person-focused leadership were effective in motivating others to contribute more, whereas aversive leadership decreased other contributors' motivations; and 3) legitimate leaders were in general more influential than regular peer leaders. We discuss the theoretical and practical implication of our work.

References

[1]

Angrist, J. D., Krueger, A. V. (1999) Empirical strategies in labor economics. In Handbook of Labor Economics. Orley Ashenfelter and David Card, eds. Amsterdam: North Holland.

[2]

Bass, B. M. (1990) Bass & Stogdill's handbook of leadership: Theory, research, and managerial applications (3rd ed.). New York, NY, US: Free Press.

[3]

Burke, C. S, Stagl, K. C, Klein, C, Goodwin, G. F, Salas, E. (2006) What type of leadership behaviors are functional in teams? A meta-analysis The Leadership Quarterly.

[4]

Burns, J. M. (1978) Leadership. New York: Harper & Row.

[5]

Campbell, D. T., Stanley, J. C. (1963) Experimental and Quasi-experimental Designs for Research, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston.

[6]

Cassell, J., Huffaker, D., Tversky, D. (2006) The Language of Online Leadership: Gender and Youth Engagement on the Internet. Developmental Psychology. Vol 42(3) May, 436--449.

[7]

Choi, B. R., Alexander, K., Kraut, R. E., & Levine, J. M. (2010). Socialization tactics in Wikipedia and their effects. In Proceedings of the 2010 ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work. New York: ACM Press. (CSCW'10).

Digital Library

[8]

Cialdini, R. B., and Goldstein, N. J. Social influence: Compliance and Conformity. Annual Review of Psychology, 55, 1 2004, 591--621.

[9]

Cox, J. F. (1994). The effects of superleadership training on leader behavior, subordinate self-leadership behavior and subordinate citizenship. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park.

[10]

D'Agostino, R. B., Jr. (1998). Tutorial in biostatistics: Propensity score methods for bias reduction in the comparison of a treatment to a non-randomized control group. Statistics in Medicine, 17, 2265--2281.

[11]

Evans, M. G. (1970) The effects of supervisory behavior on the path-goal relationship, Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, Volume 5, Issue 3, May 1970, Pages 277--298.

[12]

Fleishman, E. A. (1953) The description of supervisory behavior. Journal of applied psychology.

[13]

French, J., & Raven, B. H. (1959). The bases of social power. In D. Cartwright (Ed.), Studies of social power. Ann Arbor, MI: Institute for Social Research, pp. 150--167.

[14]

Georgopoulos, Basil S.; Mahoney, Gerald M.; Jones, Nyle W., Jr. (1957) A path-goal approach to productivity. Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 41(6), Dec 1957, 345--353.

[15]

Hogan, R., Curphy, G. J., & Hogan, J. (1994). What We Know About Leadership. American Psychologist, 49(6), 493--504.

[16]

House, R. J. (1971) A Path Goal Theory of Leader Effectiveness Administrative Science Quarterly Vol. 16, No. 3.

[17]

Katz, Daniel; Maccoby, Nathan; Morse, Nancy C. (1950). Productivity, supervision, and morale in an office situation. Part I. Oxford, England: Institute for Social Research.

[18]

Kittur, A., & Kraut, R. E. (2008). Harnessing the wisdom of crowds in Wikipedia: Quality through coordination. In CSCW'08: Proceedings of the ACM conference on computer-supported cooperative work. New York: ACM Press.

Digital Library

[19]

Kraut, R. E. & Resnick, P. (In press). Evidence-based social design: Mining the social sciences to build online communities. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

[20]

Luther, K and Bruckman, A. (2008). Leadership in online creative collaboration. In Proceedings of the 2008 ACM conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW '08).

Digital Library

[21]

Rosenbaum, P. R., & Rubin, D. B. (1983). The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika, 70, 41--55.

[22]

Suh, B., Convertino, G., Chi, E. H., and Pirolli, P. (2009). The singularity is not near: slowing growth of wikipedia. In WikiSym '09: Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration, pages 1--10, New York, NY, USA. ACM.

Digital Library

[23]

Pearce, C. L., and Sims H. P. (2002) Vertical Versus Shared Leadership as Predictors of the Effectiveness of Change Management Teams: An Examination of Aversive, Directive, Transactional, Transformational, and Empowering Leader Behaviors, Group Dynamics, 6(2).

[24]

Pearce, C. L., and Conger, J. A. (2003) Shared leadership: Reframing the hows and whys of leadership, Sage, Thousand Oaks.

[25]

Vroom, V. H. (1964) Work and motivation. Oxford, England: Wiley.

[26]

Wikipedia editors. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Administrators

[27]

Wikipedia editors. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Bots/Requests_for_approval/BetacommandBot_Task_5

[28]

Wooldridge, J. M. (2003) Introductory econometrics, 2nd Ed. Mason, OH: South-Western.

[29]

Yoo, Y., & Alavi, M. (2004). Emergent leadership in virtual teams: what do emergent leaders do? Information and Organization, 14(1), 27--58.

[30]

Yukl, G. (1998) Leadership in Organizations.

[31]

Zhu, H., Kraut, R. E., Wang, Y. C. and Kittur, A. (2011) Identifying shared leadership in Wikipedia. In Proceedings of the 2011 annual conference on Human factors in computing systems (CHI '11).

Digital Library

[32]

Zhu, H., Kraut, R. E., & Kittur, A. (in press) Organizing without formal organization: Group Identification, Goal Setting and Social Modeling in Directing Online Production. In Proceedings of the 2012 ACM conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW '12).

Digital Library

Cited By

Triantafyllou SSapounidis TFarhaoui Y(2024)Gamification and Computational Thinking in Education: A systematic literature reviewSalud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias10.56294/sctconf20246593(659)Online publication date: 13-Mar-2024
https://doi.org/10.56294/sctconf2024659
Zabudská EPompurová K(2024)Identifying Patterns among Tourism-Oriented Online Communities on FacebookTourism and Hospitality10.3390/tourhosp50300485:3(830-847)Online publication date: 8-Sep-2024
https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp5030048
Schwitter N(2024)Offline connections, online votes: The role of offline ties in an online public electionNew Media & Society10.1177/14614448241274456Online publication date: 27-Aug-2024
https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448241274456
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Effectiveness of shared leadership in online communities
1. Human-centered computing
  1. Collaborative and social computing
    1. Collaborative and social computing theory, concepts and paradigms
      1. Computer supported cooperative work
  2. Human computer interaction (HCI)
    1. Interaction paradigms
      1. Web-based interaction
2. Social and professional topics
  1. Professional topics
    1. Computing and business
      1. Computer supported cooperative work

Recommendations

Identifying shared leadership in Wikipedia
CHI '11: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

In this paper, we introduce a method to measure shared leadership in Wikipedia as a step in developing a new model of online leadership. We show that editors with varying degrees of engagement and from peripheral as well as central roles all act like ...
What motivates members to contribute to enterprise online communities?
CSCW Companion '14: Proceedings of the companion publication of the 17th ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work & social computing

A major challenge for online communities is encouraging members to participate and contribute content to the community. While prior work has identified motivators to contribute for internet community members, it is unknown if these are the same for ...
Out With The Old, In With The New?: Unpacking Member Turnover in Online Production Groups

Nearly any group is subject to turnover : some people leave, while others join. Turnover can be especially high in online groups, since participation typically is strictly voluntary. We investigated the effects of member turnover in online groups, ...

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

CSCW '12: Proceedings of the ACM 2012 conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work

February 2012

1460 pages

ISBN:9781450310864

DOI:10.1145/2145204

General Chairs:
Steven Poltrock
Boeing Research & Technology
,
Carla Simone
University of Milano-Biccoca
,
Program Chairs:
Jonathan Grudin
Microsoft Research
,
Gloria Mark
University of California, Irvine
,
John Riedl
University of Minnesota

Copyright © 2012 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

SIGCHI: ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 11 February 2012

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article

Conference

CSCW '12

Sponsor:

SIGCHI

CSCW '12: Computer Supported Cooperative Work

February 11 - 15, 2012

Washington, Seattle, USA

Acceptance Rates

CSCW '12 Paper Acceptance Rate 164 of 415 submissions, 40%;

Overall Acceptance Rate 2,235 of 8,521 submissions, 26%

Upcoming Conference

CSCW '25

Sponsor:
sigchi

Computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing

October 18 - 22, 2025

Bergen , Norway

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

81
Total Citations
View Citations
1,655
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)86
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)13

Reflects downloads up to 03 Jan 2025

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Triantafyllou SSapounidis TFarhaoui Y(2024)Gamification and Computational Thinking in Education: A systematic literature reviewSalud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias10.56294/sctconf20246593(659)Online publication date: 13-Mar-2024
https://doi.org/10.56294/sctconf2024659
Zabudská EPompurová K(2024)Identifying Patterns among Tourism-Oriented Online Communities on FacebookTourism and Hospitality10.3390/tourhosp50300485:3(830-847)Online publication date: 8-Sep-2024
https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp5030048
Schwitter N(2024)Offline connections, online votes: The role of offline ties in an online public electionNew Media & Society10.1177/14614448241274456Online publication date: 27-Aug-2024
https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448241274456
Zhang S(2024)Uncovering Peer Production's Homogeneity: A Synthesis of Serious Information and EntertainmentProceedings of the 35th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media10.1145/3648188.3675145(369-375)Online publication date: 10-Sep-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3648188.3675145
Yin YGuo LThebault-Spieker J(2024)Productivity or Equity? Tradeoffs in Volunteer Microtasking in Humanitarian OpenStreetMapProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36373908:CSCW1(1-34)Online publication date: 26-Apr-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3637390
Kharazian ZStarbird KHill B(2024)Governance Capture in a Self-Governing Community: A Qualitative Comparison of the Croatian, Serbian, Bosnian, and Serbo-Croatian WikipediasProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36373388:CSCW1(1-26)Online publication date: 26-Apr-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3637338
Maddah NHeydari B(2024)Platform-Driven Collaboration Patterns: Structural Evolution Over Time and ScaleIEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems10.1109/TCSS.2024.345202811:6(7814-7829)Online publication date: Dec-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSS.2024.3452028
Nyakundi HDe Souza C(2023)Fostering FOSS CommunitiesBusiness Models and Strategies for Open Source Projects10.4018/978-1-6684-4785-7.ch007(200-238)Online publication date: 17-Jul-2023
https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-4785-7.ch007
Ren YZhang HKraut R(2023)How Did They Build the Free Encyclopedia? A Literature Review of Collaboration and Coordination among Wikipedia EditorsACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction10.1145/361736931:1(1-48)Online publication date: 29-Nov-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3617369
Huang ERees Lewis DGaudani SEasterday MGerber E(2023)Intelligent Coaching Systems: Understanding One-to-many Coaching for Ill-defined Problem SolvingProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/35796147:CSCW1(1-24)Online publication date: 16-Apr-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3579614
Show More Cited By

View Options

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents