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research-article

How well do line drawings depict shape?

Published: 27 July 2009 Publication History

Abstract

This paper investigates the ability of sparse line drawings to depict 3D shape. We perform a study in which people are shown an image of one of twelve 3D objects depicted with one of six styles and asked to orient a gauge to coincide with the surface normal at many positions on the object's surface. The normal estimates are compared with each other and with ground truth data provided by a registered 3D surface model to analyze accuracy and precision. The paper describes the design decisions made in collecting a large data set (275,000 gauge measurements) and provides analysis to answer questions about how well people interpret shapes from drawings. Our findings suggest that people interpret certain shapes almost as well from a line drawing as from a shaded image, that current computer graphics line drawing techniques can effectively depict shape and even match the effectiveness of artist's drawings, and that errors in depiction are often localized and can be traced to particular properties of the lines used. The data collected for this study will become a publicly available resource for further studies of this type.

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Published In

cover image ACM Transactions on Graphics
ACM Transactions on Graphics  Volume 28, Issue 3
August 2009
750 pages
ISSN:0730-0301
EISSN:1557-7368
DOI:10.1145/1531326
Issue’s Table of Contents
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 27 July 2009
Published in TOG Volume 28, Issue 3

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  1. line drawings
  2. non-photorealism
  3. shape perception

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  • (2024)New Insights in Smooth Occluding Contours for Nonphotorealistic RenderingIEEE Computer Graphics and Applications10.1109/MCG.2023.333878444:1(76-85)Online publication date: Jan-2024
  • (2024)An accidental image feature that appears but not disappearsJournal of Mathematical Psychology10.1016/j.jmp.2024.102841119(102841)Online publication date: Apr-2024
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