[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/ skip to main content
research-article

PortLand: a scalable fault-tolerant layer 2 data center network fabric

Published: 16 August 2009 Publication History

Abstract

This paper considers the requirements for a scalable, easily manageable, fault-tolerant, and efficient data center network fabric. Trends in multi-core processors, end-host virtualization, and commodities of scale are pointing to future single-site data centers with millions of virtual end points. Existing layer 2 and layer 3 network protocols face some combination of limitations in such a setting: lack of scalability, difficult management, inflexible communication, or limited support for virtual machine migration. To some extent, these limitations may be inherent for Ethernet/IP style protocols when trying to support arbitrary topologies. We observe that data center networks are often managed as a single logical network fabric with a known baseline topology and growth model. We leverage this observation in the design and implementation of PortLand, a scalable, fault tolerant layer 2 routing and forwarding protocol for data center environments. Through our implementation and evaluation, we show that PortLand holds promise for supporting a ``plug-and-play" large-scale, data center network.

References

[1]
Cisco Data Center Infrastructure 2.5 Design Guide. www.cisco.com/application/pdf/en/us/guest/netsol/ns107/c649/ccmigration_09186a008073377d.pdf.
[2]
Configuring IP Unicast Layer 3 Switching on Supervisor Engine 2. www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/routers/7600/ios/12.1E/configuration/guide/cef.html.
[3]
Inside Microsoft's $550 Million Mega Data Centers. www.informationweek.com/news/hardware/data_centers/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=208403723.
[4]
OpenFlow. www.openflowswitch.org/ .
[5]
OSPF Design Guide. www.ciscosystems.com/en/US/tech/tk365/technologies_white_paper09186a0080094e9e.shtml.
[6]
M. Al-Fares, A. Loukissas, and A. Vahdat. A Scalable, Commodity Data Center Network Architecture. In SIGCOMM '08: Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2008 conference on Data communication, pages 63--74, New York, NY, USA, 2008. ACM.
[7]
M. Caesar, D. Caldwell, N. Feamster, J. Rexford, A. Shaikh, and J. van der Merwe. Design and Implementation of a Routing Control Platform. In USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design & Implementation, 2005.
[8]
M. Caesar, M. Castro, E. B. Nightingale, G. O, and A. Rowstron. Virtual Ring Routing: Network Routing Inspired by DHTs. In Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM,2006.
[9]
M. Caesar, T. Condie, J. Kannan, K. Lakshminarayanan, I. Stoica, and S. Shenker. ROFL: Routing on Flat Labels. In Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM, 2006.
[10]
M. C. Changhoon Kim and J. Rexford. Floodless in SEATTLE: A Scalable Ethernet Architecture for Large Enterprises. In SIGCOMM '08: Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2008 conference on Data communication, 2008.
[11]
C. Clark, K. Fraser, S. Hand, J. G. H. E. J. C. Limpach, I. Pratt, and A. Warfield. Live Migration of Virtual Machines. In USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design & Implementation, 2005.
[12]
J. Dean and S. Ghemawat. MapReduce: Simplified Data Processing on Large Clusters. In OSDI'04: Proceedings of the 6th conference on Symposium on Operating Systems Design & Implementation, pages 10--10, Berkeley, CA, USA, 2004. USENIX Association.
[13]
S. Ghemawat, H. Gobioff, and S.-T. Leung. The Google File System. ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review, 37(5), 2003.
[14]
A. Greenberg, P. Lahiri, D. A. Maltz, P. Patel, and S. Sengupta. Towards a Next Generation Data Center Architecture: Scalability and Commoditization. In PRESTO '08: Proceedings of the ACM Workshop on Programmable Routers for Extensible Services of Tomorrow, pages 57--62, New York, NY, USA, 2008. ACM.
[15]
C. Guo, H. Wu, K. Tan, L. Shi, Y. Zhang, and S. Lu. DCell: A Scalable and Fault-tolerant Network Structure for Data Centers. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2008 conference on Data communication, pages 75--86, New York, NY, USA, 2008. ACM.
[16]
C. Hopps. Analysis of an Equal-Cost Multi-Path Algorithm. RFC 2992, Internet Engineering Task Force, 2000.
[17]
V. Kashyap. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) over InfiniBand. RFC 4390 (Proposed Standard), 2006.
[18]
K. Lakshminarayanan, M. Caesar, M. Rangan, T. Anderson, S. Shenker, I. Stoica, and H. Luo. Achieving Convergence-Free Routing Using Failure--Carrying Packets. In Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM, 2007.
[19]
C. E. Leiserson. Fat-Trees: Universal Networks for Hardware-Efficient Supercomputing. IEEE Transactions on Computers, 34(10):892--901, 1985.
[20]
J. W. Lockwood, N. McKeown, G. Watson, G. Gibb, P. Hartke, J. Naous, R. Raghuraman, and J. Luo. NetFPGA-An Open Platform for Gigabit-Rate Network Switching and Routing. In Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE International Conference on Microelectronic Systems Education, pages 160--161, Washington, DC, USA, 2007. IEEE Computer Society.
[21]
R. Moskowitz and P. Nikander. Host Identity Protocol (HIP) Architecture. RFC 4423 (Proposed Standard), 2006.
[22]
J. Moy. OSPF Version 2. RFC 2328, Internet Engineering Task Force, 1998.
[23]
A. Myers, T. S. E. Ng, and H. Zhang. Rethinking the Service Model: Scaling Ethernet to a Million Nodes. In ACM HotNets-III, 2004.
[24]
L. S. C. of the IEEE Computer Society. IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks, Common Specifications Part 3: Media Access Control (MAC), Bridges Ammendment 2: Rapid Reconfiguration, June 2001.
[25]
R. Perlman, D. Eastlake, D. G. Dutt, S. Gai, and A. Ghanwani. Rbridges: Base Protocol Specification. Technical report, Internet Engineering Task Force, 2009.
[26]
T. L. Rodeheffer, C. A. Thekkath, and D. C. Anderson. SmartBridge: A Scalable Bridge Architecture. In Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM, 2001.
[27]
M. D. Schroeder, A. D. Birrell, M. Burrows, H. Murray, R. M. Needham, T. L. Rodeheffer, E. H. Satterthwaite, and C. P. Thacker. Autonet: A High-Speed, Self-Configuring Local Area Network Using Point-to-Point Links. In IEEE Journal On Selected Areas in Communications, 1991.
[28]
M. Scott and J. Crowcroft. MOOSE: Addressing the Scalability of Ethernet. In EuroSys Poster session, 2008.

Cited By

View all

Index Terms

  1. PortLand: a scalable fault-tolerant layer 2 data center network fabric

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
    ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review  Volume 39, Issue 4
    SIGCOMM '09
    October 2009
    325 pages
    ISSN:0146-4833
    DOI:10.1145/1594977
    Issue’s Table of Contents
    • cover image ACM Conferences
      SIGCOMM '09: Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2009 conference on Data communication
      August 2009
      340 pages
      ISBN:9781605585949
      DOI:10.1145/1592568
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

    Publisher

    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 16 August 2009
    Published in SIGCOMM-CCR Volume 39, Issue 4

    Check for updates

    Author Tags

    1. data center network fabric
    2. layer 2 routing in data centers

    Qualifiers

    • Research-article

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)345
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)49
    Reflects downloads up to 13 Dec 2024

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all
    • (2024)An Improved Fault Diagnosis Algorithm for Highly Scalable Data Center NetworksMathematics10.3390/math1204059712:4(597)Online publication date: 17-Feb-2024
    • (2024)Using MSPG to Suppress Flooding in the Data-Link Layer for SDNSecurity and Communication Networks10.1155/2024/96965482024Online publication date: 1-Jan-2024
    • (2024)Investigating Data Center Network ProtocolsProceedings of the 2024 Applied Networking Research Workshop10.1145/3673422.3674897(91-93)Online publication date: 23-Jul-2024
    • (2024)An expandable and cost-effective data center networkJournal of Network and Computer Applications10.1016/j.jnca.2024.104001(104001)Online publication date: Aug-2024
    • (2024)Topology-aware scalable resource management in multi-hop dense networksHeliyon10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e3749010:18(e37490)Online publication date: Sep-2024
    • (2023)Data Centre Efficiency Enhancement by Metrics Oriented Approach to Revamp Green Cloud Computing ConceptInternational Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering10.35940/ijitee.F9532.071282312:8(1-14)Online publication date: 30-Jul-2023
    • (2023)Study of data center communication network topologies using complex network propagation modelFrontiers in Physics10.3389/fphy.2023.117409911Online publication date: 9-May-2023
    • (2023)Performance of Meshed Tree Protocol in Data Center NetworksProceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Future of Internet Routing & Addressing10.1145/3607504.3609290(15-22)Online publication date: 10-Sep-2023
    • (2023)Fast, Scalable and Robust Centralized Routing for Data Center NetworksIEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking10.1109/TNET.2023.325954131:6(2624-2639)Online publication date: Dec-2023
    • (2023)vTopology: Virtual MAC Address Aided Network Slicing in Multi-Tenant Data CentersIEEE Network: The Magazine of Global Internetworking10.1109/MNET.106.210061737:2(214-221)Online publication date: 5-Sep-2023
    • Show More Cited By

    View Options

    Login options

    View options

    PDF

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    Media

    Figures

    Other

    Tables

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media